
Jr^^^^A^ 




c'^'^i^ ^^-^-^yfZjL^^-y^'LZ^ 



GENEALOGICAL NOTES 



OF THE 



CARPENTER FAMILY 



INCLUDING THB: 



Autobiography, and Personal Reminiscences 



OF 



DR. SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER, 

Lieutenant Colonei,, in the War for the Union. 
With Geneai^ogicai. and Biographicai, Appendix. 



ILLUSTRATED. 



EDITED BY 
EDWIN SAWYER WALKER, A. M. 



SPKINGFIKLD, ILL.: 
Illinois State Journal Co., Printers 
MCM\ll. 



Five hundred copies of this work are printed, of which this is 
Number. ...rfnr:.^^ 



LIBRARY of congress" 
Two Conies Keceivo. 

I FEB 18 1908 

' OOM.yrigiH cntrs' 






COHY 



" To become useful in society, and gain the good will of your 
fellow men, is an independent fortune, not only to a man himself, 
but to his posterity, provided his posterity walk in the path of virtue, 
honesty and veracity." 

— Hofi. Samuel Carpenter, Mayor of Lancaster, Penn. 182 1, A. D. 

"They do not die, who leave their thought 
Imprinted on the deathless page; 
Themselves may pass; the spell they wrought 
Endures on earth, from age to age." 

— Thomas Bailey Aldrich. 

" In old age the consolation of hope is reserved for the tenderness 
of parents, who commence a new life in their children." 

— Edward Gibbon. 



COPYRIGHT, 1907, 
BY 

George N. Kreider, M. D. 



Foreword by the Editor. 



THE author of this volume has in his Preface, from a sense 
of modesty, omitted all reference, to whatever is per- 
sonal to himself, in his Autobiography, which forms so 
considerable a part of the work. 

As a representative of a family-, the members of which, as 
shown in the Genealogical Notes, have in every period since the 
settlement of Pennsylvania, heen among the foremost, as men 
of brawn and brains, in the onward march of civilization, he 
has been among those who have acted well their part, and re- 
flected honor upon the name of "Carpenter." 

In the French and Indian War of 1755-1763, in the war of 
the American Revolution, 1776-1783, as also in the war for the 
Union, 1861-1865, the name "Carpenter," was written upon the 
pages of our country's history, among the foremost men of their 
times. 

Emanuel Carpenter in the Provincial Assembly of Pennsyl- 
vania, was a colleague of Benjamin Franklin, and presiding 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas; Daniel Carpenter, his 
brother, a Colonel in the militia, assisted Col. Boquet in recruit- 
ing troops for the famous battle with the Indians, at "Bushy 
Run" in 1765. 

Jacob Carpenter, of the next generation, was a Lieutenant 
Colonel, who fought under Washington, in the battles of Long 
Island, and at Harlem Heights, was in the famous retreat 
through "the Jerseys," and took part in the battles of German- 
town, and the Brandywine. 

Daniel Carpenter, son of Colonel Daniel, was a Captain in 
the war for Independence, and numerous members of the family 
and relatives served in various positions in that struggle. 

The part taken by the author, in the war for the Union, 1861- 
1865, as related in these pages, and his experience therein, with 
his wide acquaintance, among the principal actors in that great 
war, cannot but render this work, a valuable one, not only to 



IV 

the descendants of Heinrich Zimmerman, but to cverv intelli- 
gent student of American history. 

The actors in that great drama, who still survive, rendered 
noble service, upon many an ensanguined tield. In now placing 
upon the record of that service, their attestation of what was 
done, in camp, and in hospital, as well as upon the field of bat- 
tle they show at what cost were purcliased, the blessings which 
we of to-day so richly enjoy. 

Dr. Seymour D. Carpenter, now at the age of four score 
years, has told the story of his experience as a Surgeon, in camp 
and field, from the second battle of "Bull-Run," in 186"3, to 
the battle of "'Pilot Knob," in 186-i; those conflicts, in which 
he saw so many garments rolled in blood, and ministered to the 
wounded, and the dying, as they passed over to that shore, from 
which there is no returning wave. 

Two Commissions, signed by the hand of Abraham Limcoliq"^ 
and another by Andrew Johnson, now in his possession, are 
the seals of his service for his country. In civil life, since the 
close of the war, in the development of the new West, he took 
an early, and active part. 

In recent years, he has been living in that quiet retirement, 
to which a long and active life, has so fully entitled him, in 
the enjoyment of physical and mental forces unimpaired ; hon- 
ored and beloved by all who love liberty. 

The late George AYilliara Curtis, in speaking of the early his- 
tor}' of this country, said "it was curious to note how little care 
was taken by the actors in the war of the Revolution, to pre- 
serve its records or its relics. There was little thought of mak- 
ing history among them. They sprang from a resolute and 
silent stock, and very few of them comprehended the historic 
character of the struggle in which they were engaged/' 

\Mth the advancement made in education, between the yeai"s 
1776 and 1861, and with increased facilities for preserving the 
records of the war for the Union, as compared with what has 
come down to us from Revolutionary times, the stirvivors of 
Gettysburg, and Shiloh, of Bull-Run and of the Wilderness, 
have now in various forms, taken greater care to preserve the 
records of the later struggle. 

Edwin Saw^ter Walker. 

Auffust 11, 1907. 



PREFACE. 

FEOM my earliost youth, I was interested in our family his- 
toTj. I was brought up in the house of my paternal 
Grandfather, who was born in 1768. In our neighbor- 
hood were several men older than himself, notably my maternal 
Great-grandfather, Jacob Van Metre, born in 1735. Our home 
was a kind of resort for those old pioneers, and I listened with 
the keenest interest to their reminiscences of the Eevolution, 
and of the Indian wars. As I grew older, I became more 
curious about our own family, as to where they came from, why 
they came, and what liad been their trials, and fortunes. In 
1847, I made my first visit to Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, 
and met the members of the family, who still remained on the 
land, of the first settlements. Among them was ^Ir. William 
Carpenter, a prominent lawyer of Lancaster, who also was inter- 
ested in family history, and from him I obtained a copy of the 
family tree, extending to the fourth generation from Henry 
Carpenter, the immigrant, and through him, and others, I 
heard of all the family traditions. For several years there- 
after, I was so engaged in the struggles incident to an active 
life, that I thought little about our family history. 

Upon retiring from business in 1893, and having ample leis- 
ure, I returned to the subject which had so interested me in 
earlier life. I made annual visits to Lancaster, Ohio, and to 
Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and took occasion to examine the 
public records in both places, as also the records in West- 
moreland, Huntingdon, and Dauphin Counties, Pennsylvania; 
as well as those in Philadelphia. These examinations were not 
very exhaustive, and doubtless a more thorough search would 
afford much additional information. 

About the year 1898 I visited Europe, and during my four 
years residence there, made two trips to Switzerland, and re- 
mained in that interesting country altogether, about eight 
months. I was several times at the village of Wattenville, in 
the commune of the same name, which is about sixteen miles 
southeast of the City of Berne. That was the birth place of our 
common ancestor, Heixrich Zi:mmermax. alias Hexry Car- 



VI 

penter; and the neighboring village of Bloomenstein, two miles 
distant, was the birthplace of Salome Eufenee, his wife. The 
communal records show that the Zimmermans had been 
Burghers of the Commune, for several centuries ; in fact, as far 
back as the records extend. The family is still numerous, and 
prominent, Frederick Zimmerman in 1899, being President of 
the Commune. 

Several 3'ears ago, at the request of m}' cousin, Mrs. Stella 
V. Kellerman, the wife of Professor Wm. Kellerman, of the 
University of Ohio, I embodied all my memoranda, and informa- 
tion concerning the family, in a series of letters, which are em- 
braced in the following publication. 

In order that tlie reader may understand certain allusions to 
persons and places, I may, in explanation say, that Mrs. Kel- 
lennan is the grand-daughter of Salome Carpenter Koontz, the 
youngest daughter of Judge Emanuel Carpenter, who with his 
Cousin, Captain John Carpenter, were the heads of the two 
families, that emigrated from Pennsylvania, to Fairfield Coun- 
ty, Oliio, in 1798. Her mother, Angeline Koontz, was born in 
the first brick house built by John Carpenter, in Fairfield 
Countv, in 1806, a cut of which is given in the text. 

I am fully conscious that I have fallen far short of giving a 
complete history of the family. The various branches, scattered 
throughout several states, indeed extending to those bordering on 
the Pacific, were beyond my search, and the prominence given 
to these who settled in Ohio, is simply because they were those, 
of whom I knew the most. I can only hope that my labors 
will serve as a foundation, for some future member of the fam- 
ily, who with better opportunities, and more literary ability 
will be able to fill the gaps, and amplify the whole subject. 

I will add in conclusion, that neither the family memoirs nor 
the personal reminiscences, would probably have ever been put 
into print, had it not been for the great interest manifested in 
our common ancestry, by my friend and relative. Dr. George 
ISToble Kreider, of Springfield, Illinois. He like myself, is 
greatly interested in our family history, and several inter- 
marriages more than a century ago, covering three generations, 
made the Kreiders, and Carpenters very closely related. 

Seymour David Carpenter. 
Chicago, June 23d, 1907. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
Chapter I. 

Heinrich Zimmerman, and his wife, Anna Morgert, natives 
of Bernese Oberland, Village of Wattenwyl; progenitors of the 
Carpenter Family in America: 1261 A, D. 

Christopher Von Graffenried; founder of New Berne, North 
Carolina. "Wattenwyl," a dependent State in 1649 A. D. 

Daniel Rohr from Berne, Vicar of Wattenwyl, 1662 to 1668. 

Alliance with France, under the reign of Louis the XIV. by 
which 30,000 troops were furnished to serve under the French 
flag. Heinrich Zimmerman in that service, until the peace of 
Ryswick, 1696. 

Plans for emigration to the New World. Sails for America. 

William Penn, a great courtier, and land-speculator ; combined 
religion with business. 

Zimmerman, having spent some time in Pennsylvania, re- 
turns to Switzerland. Marries Salome Rufener. Spends six 
years in his native land, and resolves to quit it forever. Historic 
encounter on the edge of lake, where Salome proves a heroine. 
Arrives in Germantown, Pa., in 1706 ; purchases large tract of 
land in Lancaster County, for the colony, which he was instni- 
mental in organizing. History of the Colony. 

Chapter II. 

Organization of Lancaster County, Province of Pennsylvania 
in 1739. Earliest settlers of the colony, Swiss, Germans, Scotch- 
Irish Presbyterians, and Quakers. 

Elections as held in that day, bitter contests between the 
citizens of different nationalities, attended with riot, outrage, 
and ballot-box stuffing. 

The French and E'nglish war, 1755 to 1763; Part taken 
therein by Emanuel, and Daniel. 



VIII 

Braddock's defeat, Lancaster farmers furnish teams, wagons, 
and supplies, for transportation of the army. 

Colonel Daniel Carpenter, and Colonel Henry Bouquet, in the 
French, and Indian war, at the famous battle of "Bushy Eun," 
in which desperate fight, a large force of Indians were en- 
countered, and defeated, leaving more than 100 of their dead, on 
the field. 

Large numbers of immigrants, Swiss and Germans, during 
the period, and up to the time of the War of the Revolution. 
Prominent part taken therein by many of the numerous mem- 
bers of the Carpenter family. High official position of leading- 
members, of successive generations. Among these, was Emanuel 
Carpenter, a Colleague of Dr. Benjamin Franklin, in the Pro- 
vincial Assembly, of Pennsylvania. 

Visit of Washington, Lafayette, and Wayne in 1777, at Lan- 
caster, and dinner at the "Black-Bear" tavern, description of 
the three, as to personnel, dress, etc. 

Commission issued to Emanuel Carpenter, as Presiding Judge 
of the Court of Common Pleas, 1759. 

Jacob Carpenter, family of, "Ghost-story," Emanuel Carpen- 
ter, 2d, the successor of his father, as Judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas. 

Lieutenant Colonel, Jacob Carpenter, of Revolutionary fame, 
was at the battle of Long Island, and retreat through the 
Jerseys, also at Germantown, and the Brandywine, serving to 
the close of the war. His portrait in Continental uniform. 

The Will of Jacob Carpenter, a curious document. 

Close of the 18th century of family history. 

Chapter III. 

Western emigration, Emanuel Carpenter, of the third genera- 
tion, in 1798, partaking of the spirit of the times, makes a 
trip of exploration to the new country, north of the Ohio river, 
and with Colonel Ebenezer Zane, the founder of Wheeling, Va., 
proceeds to the valley of the Muskingum, and the country be- 
yond. 

Colonel Zane the founder of Zanesville in 1798. Michael 
Kreider, a relative by marriage, had in 1797, located on the 
Scioto, near Chillicothe. 



rx 



Carpenter proceeding westward, locates upon the Hocking 
river, near the present city of Lancaster. 

In 1802, the other members of this branch of the Carpenter 
family abandoned their old home in Pennsylvania, and removed 
to Ohio. These and the following years, were those in which 
the tide of emigration rolled westward, in a continuous stream, 
and marked an era in American history. 

Chapter IV. 

Formation of political parties, ''Federalists" and "Jeffer- 
sonian Eepublicans." 

General Arthur St. Clair, Governor of the Northwest Terri- 
tory; ruling with an Iron hand; at length deposed, by President 
Jefferson. Fierce political contests, and the results. 
New-Lancaster, Ohio, so najned after Lancaster, Pennsylva- 
nia. 

First General-Assembly of Ohio, met in Cincinnati in 1800. 

Constitutional Convention met in 1802, and formed the Con- 
stitution, under which the State was organized. 

Judge Emanuel Carpenter, a prominent member. He be- 
comes Judge of the Court, and his cousin Samuel Carpenter, 
serves on the bench with him. 

Eapid development of the new state, fight over the location 
of the State Capital, and of county seats, in which the Car- 
penters took a most active part. 

State Banks, failure of, and results, monetarv panic of 
1817-20. 

Judge Charles Sherman, the father of General Wm. T. and 
Senator John Sherman, Collector of Internal Revenue for Ohio, 
involved, and his consequent financial failure, as also the fail- 
ure of his bondsmen, one of whom was Samuel Carpenter. 

Extended notices, of numerous members of the Carpenter 
family, with characteristics of each. 

Ancestral lines, from the beginning of the 19th century, down 
to the death of David Carpenter, in the 80th vear of his age 
in 1847. 

Chapter Y. 

Continuation of ancestral lines. Transition in development of 
the country. Domestic manufacturers, and domestic economy 
of the early settlers. Schools and school-houses. 



Farmers, and farm life. Ball-games, and Camp-Meetings. 

Completion of the Ohio Canal; celebration of; Barbecue at 
Lancaster. 

Early occupation of Wm. T. Sherman, in 1838. Description 
of the future General, when eighteen years of age. 

Granville College, its organization, primitive buildings, 
teachers and curriculum ; student life and methods therein. 

"Lancaster Academy," noted teacher, Samuel G. Howe, and 
and noted young attendants, Wm. T, Sherman, and John 
Sherman. 

The Presidential campaign of 1840, characteristics thereof; 
mass-meetings, and joint debates in Lancaster. General Wm. H. 
Harrison, the Whig candidate for the presidency, in attendance ; 
tremendous assemblage ; brief speech of the General, in response 
to a serenade, in the evening, at the liome of Hon. Thomas 
Ewing. "Tippecanoe and Tyler, too." 

Early years of the life of the author. Dr. Seymour D. Car- 
penter, the books read, attendance at "High-School." near Lan- 
caster, under the charge of Dr. John Williams, a distinguished 
teacher. 

Expedition to the South, Cincinnati, steamboat trip to Mem- 
phis, description thereof, and of the motley list of passengers, 
gambling for large stakes, "blacklegs" in full feather, and bold 
in their methods. 

Chapter VI. 

Memphis in 1846 was the great Cotton-mart for West Ten- 
nessee and North Mississippi. Acres of cotton bales lining its 
docks, and river banks. Starting point for a trip into the 
country, as young Carpenter sets forth in quest of a situation, 
as a School-teacher. Description of the country, and people, 
whites and slaves, masters and servants. Acquaintances formed, 
situation secured ; hospitality of three of the Planters. Teaches 
Select-School, $50.00 per month for six months. 

Description of people, and pupils. School system in the 
South before the war. Religious services. Camp-Meetings. 
Major Clopton, a character, old style "Southern gentleman." 

Neighborhood of Holly Springs described. Cotton picking, 
how it is done; punishment of the slaves how administered, 
and for what. 



SI 

Full description of system of servitude, as it then existed. 

Eeturn northward, via Cincinnati, and to Lancaster. 

Studies medicine, in Lancaster, afterwards enters the Univer- 
sity of Pennsylvania, to pursue his medical studies. 

At close of College year, for vacation returns to Lancaster; 
noted men of that day. Dr. M. Z. Kreider, Thomas Ewing, 
John T. Brasee, and others. 

Eeturns to Philadelphia, to complete medical education. De- 
scription of course of instruction at that day. 

Opening of "Girard College." Takes his diploma in medicine. 

Eeturns to Lancaster, via Buffalo, and Niagara Falls. Inci- 
dents of the journey. Plans tour of exploration of the West 
for a location, in which to begin the active work of life, as a 
physician. 

Chapter VII. 

Dr. Carpenter strikes out for the west; locates at Cedar 
Eapids, Iowa, then but a cluster of cal)ins; engages in the 
practice of medicine. Description of the then new settlement, 
and the character of its inhabitants. Incorporation as a city, 
and election of first Mayor. 

Early politics. Iowa in 1849 a Democratic state. 
Steam-boating; railroad projects, surveying and financing the 
same. 

In July, 1850, Dr. Carpenter united in marriage with Miss 
Sarah Weare, daughter of John Woare, Esq., of Cedar Rapids. 

In 1852, his father, Gabriel Carpenter of Lancaster, Ohio, 
removes to Cedar Rapids. 

Large immigration this year. Founding of Masonic lodge, 
and of the first newspaper in 1852. A case of surgery under 
difficulties. 

Republican party of Iowa formed. First Banking House in 
Cedar Rapids, organized in 1852 by Dr. Carpenter, Edmund 
C. Kreider, and Henry Lehman. Having practically abandoned 
the practice of medicine. Dr. Carpenter, now devotes himself to 
Real-Estate, and loan business for the next seven years. 

With the coming on of the War of the Rebellion 1860-1861, 
when all parties were up in arms. Dr. Carpenter foremost in 
the organization of one of the first regiments, in the State of 
Iowa. His service from that time on, that of unswerving de- 
votion to the suppression of the great rebellion, until the day 
of final victory, and the surrender of Lee at Appomattox. 



XII 

Chapter VIII. 

In the early summer of 1SG2, Dr. Carpenter appointed Assist- 
ant Surgeon of U. S. Volunteers; first service in Hospitals 
and Fortifications around Washington, D. C. Description of 
camp life therein. McClellan in command. The second battle 
of ''Bull-Eun/' August, 18G2. Thrilling description in detail, 
of the same, and the retreat after the battle. 

In November following, he was transfeiTed to St. Louis, and 
assigned to duty at "Benton Barracks." 

Early in December, 1863, the bloody battle of "Prairie Grove," 
Arkansas was fought; full description thereof. Subsequent 
transfer to Fayetteville, x\rk., in care of wounded, from both 
the federal and rebel forces, of Prairie Grove. Eebels in 
possession of Fayetteville, after retreat of the Federals, upon 
finding the place untenable. "Guerillas" and "Partisan Ran- 
gers"; experience tlierewith. 

Description of the place, and its people, part union men, and, 
part rebels. 

The country devastated by war, in a most pitiable condition, 
after the retr(\at of the Union forces, under the command of 
Colonel Harrison. Gallant affair, of repulse of a force of rebel 
cavalry by a battallion of Union troops under command of Major 
Ezra Fitch, who led his forces, "with oaths that would have 
done credit to the army in Flanders," ordering his men to 
stand steady, and reserve their fire until the enemy should 
reach the Ih'ow of the hill, and then to '^give them hell." Re- 
sult; nine rebels killed, and sixty wounded; not a man of the 
federals received a scratch. Such is war. 

ClIAPTEE IX. 

After battles, of Prairie Grove, and Fayetteville, and retreat 
of Union forces. Colonel Carpenter left in charge of wounded of 
both armies, then under control of a band of Partisan Rangers. 
Passed winter there. June, 1863, released under fiag of truce, 
and transferred to the federal lines, at Springfield, Missouri, 
Ordered thence to St. Louis, and from there to Memphis. 

Surrender of Vicksburg, July 4th; celebration at Memphis. 
In charge of Hospitals at Memphis; transferred again to St. 
Louis; later to Kansas City, August 1st. Medical Director of 
the "District of the Border." Joe Shelby's raid from Arkansas, 



XIII 

repulse of ; "QuantrilFs Eaid/' and the burning, and massacre of 
Lawrence, Kansas. Famous Order No. 11. Retributive Justice. 

Early in September, 1864, rebels under Sterling Price, and 
Shelby attack "Pilot Knob," make attack upon; battle of under 
the command of General Thomas EVing; description of in 
letter to Mrs. Ewing. Subsequent retreat of federal forces, sixty- 
six miles in thirty-three hours. One of the most brilliant episodes 
of the war. Result of the battle, Price, and Shelby, checked in 
their raid towards St. Louis, and the practical checking of all 
further progress of the rebellion, in the south west. 

Return of prisoners released from Anderson ville, via Vicks- 
burg to St. Louis, after Lee's surrender. Pitiable condition of; 
and pathetic meetings of old friends, families, wives, children 
and sweethearts. 

Chapter X. 

Close of the war, and Dr. Carpenter's retirement to civil life, 
having been mustered out of service July 31st, 1865, with the 
rank of Brevet Lieutenant Colonel, holding three commissions, 
two signed by the hand of Abraham Lincoln, and a third by An- 
drew Johnson. 

Returning after the war, to his home in Cedar Rapids, he at 
once engages in contracting, upon a large scale, in the building 
of railroads, and other public works. 

After years of success, meets with reverses, and begins life 
anew. Removes to Ottumwa, Iowa, and associated with others, 
engages in construction of gas-works, and water-works, in cities 
in Iowa, Illinois, Wisconsin and Michigan. 

Builds railroads in Louisiana, and engages in extensive manu- 
facture of lumber in the south; opens new avenues of trade in 
many states, is President of a "Lumber and Shingle Associa- 
tion'^ with forty mills in the gulf states. 

In 1884 rents a commodious Mansion, where he makes his 
home, and prospers, until by the death of his wife and only 
son, his business partner, and the destruction of extensive mills 
by fire, at sixty-five years of age, retires from active business 
pursuits, and after some years of foreign travel, locates in 
Chicago where, with a second wife, he now enjoys a tranquil 
old age, an optimist. 



ILLUSTEATIONS. 



I. Seymour D. Carpenter Fruntispie 



ce 



Fachig Page. 

II. Map of Lancaster Pennsylvania '* 18 

III. Carpenter's Mill " 20 

IV. Carpenter Church, and Grave-Yard " 32 

V. House of Gahriel Carpenter '-' 36 

VI. Colonel Jacob Carpenter " 44 

VII. Store-house of Christian Carpenter " 40 

VIII. Dr. Henry Carpenter ^- 38 

IX. Dr. Paul Carpenter " 84 

X. Dr. George P. Carpenter '' 72 

XL Colonel Seymour D. Carpenter ''' 13C 

XII. Eev. Samuel Carpenter " 64 

XIII. Samuel S. Carpenter " 102 

XIV. Gabriel Carpenter " 123 

XV. David Carpenter " 54 

XVI. Walter Scott Carpenter "• 70 

XVII. Samuel Leas Carpenter " 68 

XVIII. Susan Carpenter Frazer -' 42 

XIX. Old Homestead of Judge Samuel Carpenter " 62 

XX. Autographs of various Carpenters " xy 



XV 



Autographs. 



Jj^4.<J3W^'->'-^^ 




Oldest, son of Imigrant. Member of Committee of Safety. 
Judge Emanuel I, born In Switzerland, 1702. 

Born, 1766 — Died, 1815. Father of Samuel, and David. 



Born, 1768— Died, 1847. 




Mayor of Lancaster, Penn., 1821-1824. 




Judge of Court of Common Pleas, Lancaster, Ohio. 

Rev. Samuel, of Lancaster, Ohio, 
of Hummelstown, Penn. 

Dr. Paul, of Lancaster, Ohio. 



CHAPTER I. 

Chicago, Illinois, January 25, 1897. 
My Dear Cousix : — 

I am in receipt of your very interesting letter, for which 
please accept my sincere thanks. If I were able to write with 
such facility as did yonr father, in his day, many of whose 
productions, written before you were born, I have read, I should 
the more readily comply witli your request to prepare, as best 
I might be able, from such sources as have been accessible to 
me, a sketch of the origin, in Switzerland, of the Carpenter 
family, and note, in brief, the lives of the numerous members, 
who to this day reflect honor upon the name "Carpenter" in 
America. Had you consulted your mother regarding my pecu- 
liar characteristics, she would have told you that one of them 
is the habit of procrastination; deferring until to-morrow what 
should be done to-day. I have read a great deal, but in a desul- 
tory w^ay, having no special object in view beyond self-entertain- 
ment. 

I will, however, give you the results of my investigations, 
extending through many years, in regard to our family his- 
tory, from the days of Louis XIV. in Switzerland down to our 
own time in America. 

In these days, when the influence of heredity upon the char- 
acter of our people is so much discussed, we do well to trace 
our ancestral lines, looking back to the sources from which we 
have sprung, and place upon record the estimate of our indebt- 
edness to our honored progenitors, such as is due to their lives 
of toil and self-sacrifice. 

Long ago, in one of the little quiet villages of the Bernese 
Oberland, lived a man named Heinrich Zi]\imerman" and his 
wife, Anna Mogert. They were simple, hard-working, well-to- 
do burghers, their ancestors having lived in the vallev for many 
successive generations. 

Wattenwyl was a flourishing village, for some time under the 



12 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

leadcrsliij) of the famous Bernese family, Count Von Graffen- 
ric'd. Christopliei- voi'i (iraffenried was the founder of Now 
Bern, in iNortli Carolina, in 1710. The castle of the Count 
looked down from its lordly heights upon the picturesque 
clialels and farms clustering below. 

Wattcnwyl (Watinwiler, 12G1; Wattenwile, 129-1; Wattville, 
BJOO) is a small parish in the district of Seftigen, Canton Bern, 
pk^asantly situated at the foot of Bucrgistein and Gurmigel- 
bcrg, in a small plain watered by the Cucrbe. The country is 
meadow land and orchards. Its location is twenty-six kilo- 
luetei's from l>ern. 

\\'(^ hear of the vilhige first in 12G1, Ixdouging to the estates 
of the two Counts, Hartmann and Eberhard Von Kyburg. About 
lo20 it came into the ])ossession of the von Bucrgistein family. 
In ]51() it belonged to the celebrated soldier family. May. In 
1639 it was bought by Albrecht Gratfenried, who sold the feudal 
rights later on, to the village itself. It was then passed over 
to the government at Bern. 

Wattcnwyl became an independent parish in 1G59. In 1683 
the church and steeple were rebuilt ; there is no stained glass 
in the windows. One of the bells bears the date of 1-104, an- 
other of 1509. The foundation walls of the Vicarage are from 
five to thirteen feet thick, ])robably the remains of some old 
Castle, and there was a drawbridge until quite recently. 

Danii'l Eohr, from Bern, was vicar in Wattcnwyl from 1662 
to 1686. Jolm Jacob IJubiii, from Thun, a learned man, was 
Vicar from 1686 to 1730.* 

The commune contained in 1880, 331 inhabited houses, 465 
families, with 2.185 souls. Families native to the place are 
Baehler. Berger, Engeloch, Jaussi, Ivappeler, Kisling, Krebs, 
Kuenzi, Mogert, Messerli, von Niederhausen, Nussbaum, Part- 
ner, Pulver, Scbolier, Stubi, Trachsel, Wasern, Wenger, Wer- 
ren and Zimmerman. 

In 1757 there was a great landslide; a part of the fir forest 
sank to such an extent that no trace was left of the largest 
trees. The "Bear Inn" was long splendidly conducted by Frau 
Baehler. The noble family of von Wattcnwyl now living in 
Bern, probably originated from the village. 

* Note— Ritterburgen der Schweiz III., pp. 99-112. 



77/ a; carpenter family. 13 

Tlie forest in the district of Seftigcn is called Zimmerwald, 
formerly Cimerwalt, 1297, or Cimberwalt, Cymberwalt, Zymer- 
walt, whence I conclude iliat Zinnnornian is a man of the 
"Cimbri." 

Heinrich Zimmerman had four sons and five daughters. 
Elsbeth, who probably died young, born 1G72; Heinrich, born 
September 7, 1G73; Hans, born 1675; Benedict,, born 1677; 
Anna, born 1679; Elsbeth, born 1680; Barbara, born 1683; 
Catherine, born 1686, and David, born 1690. 

The children were sent to the village school, for [)ublie in- 
struction bad been instituled in Switzerland some short time 
before 1676. The eldest son was the unruly one of the family; 
black haired and black eyed, with beetling eyebrows, which 
earned him the soubriquet of "der Schwarzc Heinrich," the black 
Henry. He was in constant trouble at school for his miscon- 
duct and his love of adventure. Nothing pleased the boy more 
than climbing the hills and mountains near his home to see 
what was on the other side; exploring all the recesses of the 
dark fir forests, which clothed the hillsides, walking up the 
torrent beds, full of boulders, and climbing the rocks, in vain 
hopes of finding vultures' or lammergeiers' nests. 

He grew up tall and strong, and arrived at an age where he 
could wield a pike, and use a sword. He gave his father no 
peace, until he consented to his enrolling as a mercenary soldier, 
under the flag of France. 

Louis XIV. wanted troops badly; Switzerland was willing 
to furnish them, as he protected them against the Empire and 
against Savoy. This alliance was formed in 1658; from 6,000 
to 15,000 men were enrolled in the French army. The Protes- 
tant cantons were rather unwilling to try to please a king who 
did not always pay his debts; who persecuted the Huguenots, 
and who would not guarantee the neutrality of Burgundy. 
After the Diet of Soleure in 1663 a delegation was sent to swear 
to the alliance with the king, Louis XIV. The two Bernese 
delegates took their sons with them. Count Von Graflfenried 
and Bucher, and, accompanied by some members of the Grand 
Council of Bern, arrived in Paris and were lodged in the 
Faubourg S. Germain. They were presented to the King and 
Queen at the Louvre, where great festivities were held in their 
honor and the alliance was solemnly ratified in the Cathedral of 



14 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

"Notre Dame." The envoys returned to Bern loaded with pres- 
ents. 

In 1679 the Swiss troops in the service of Lonis XIV. were 
as follows: 

One Company, 100 Swiss, body-guard of the King. 

One Eegiment of Swiss guards. 

One Eegiment of Bawn d'Erlach. 

In 1690 there were as many as 30,000 Swiss in service under 
the French flag. All the young Patricians — members of the 
old aristocratic families are still called Patricians in Bern — 
sought fortune in the foreign wars. The national character 
was depreciated, and the Swiss became known as fierce and 
brave mercenaries, and to such an extent did it grow that the 
very name of "Swiss" was an epithet. 

On one occasion when a battle was pending the leader of the 
Swiss contingent in the French army refused to fight unless 
they were paid in advance. "No money, no Swiss." Another 
time a Frenchman was taunting a Swiss about his mercenary 
ideas. "Well" said the Swiss, "what do you fight for?" "For 
honor," said the Frenchman. "Well," replied the other, "and 
I fight for money; each one fights for what he has not got." 

Young Heinrich Zimmerman returned to his native land, 
probably after the peace of Eyswick in 1696, Louis XIV. being 
in some cases in a great hurry to disband the regiments raised 
for him by Bern and Zurich. It was probably at this time that 
he was apprenticed to a doctor. He had grown up to be a man 
of fine physical proportions, fully six feet tall, with black hair 
and black eyes, and a very dark complexion. I have often heard 
my grandfather describe him, he having received the informa- 
tion directly from his father, who had known old "Heinrich." 
He must have taken an active interest in polities, for tradition 
says he was engaged in some rising against the ruling classes. 
It must have been about this time that he fell in love with the 
pretty girl from the neighboring village of Blumenstein, 
Salome Eufener. The record of her baptism reads as follows: 
"1675 — Dec. 2.Sth, was christened Salome Eufener. Witnesses: 
Peter Kuenzi, Magdalene Schwendinnen and Barbli Zherr." 
Blumenstein is a village smaller than Watenwyl, situated a 
little farther up the valley, just under the noble peak of "The 
Stockholm." 

Heinrich now begins to make serious plans for the future. 



THE CARPENTER FAMILY. 15 

There was much talk in Berne at this time about the New World 
and the Colonies, where freedom of conscience was guaranteed 
under the mild reign of Queen Anne. Many were now turn- 
ing their eyes in that direction. Some wanted to escape war; 
some wanted to be freed from religious persecutions; some 
wanted to go where no other religion but theirs would be toler- 
ated; some went to make money, and others went because they 
had to. 

William Penn in several respects was a very great man. He 
had talent enough to found a great state, piety enough to found 
a great religion, tact enough to become a great courtier, and 
business qualifications that enabled him to become a great land 
speculator. Years before this time he had thriftily combined 
religion and business by making journeys to the continent, 
where, upon the upper Ehine, he preached his doctrine and 
exploited his province in the New World, where eternal salva- 
tion, political and religious freedom, and worldly prosperity 
were free to all. Young Heinrich heard of all this, and saw his 
opportunity. With the consent of his family, who, possibly, 
were glad to get rid of him, he determined to make a trip of 
exploration to this new land of promise. He was not able to 
marry, and 1 leave to your imagination the tearful scene of his 
parting with his fiance, Salome, to undertake a journey, to 
which a trip around the world to-day would not be a circum- 
stance. This was in 1698. He went down the Rhine to Rotter- 
dam, and thence to London. Penn had an office in London, 
similar to a Kansas land agency, where information, printe(? 
and oral, was furnished to land seekers, and it is to lie hoped 
that it was more truthful than that given out by modern land 
sharks. 

The vessels plying between London and Philadelphia were 
small, from two to three hundred tons burden, and were gener- 
ally crowded with people. The passage occupied from six weeks 
to three months, and was attended with what we would consider 
intolerable hardships; but no complaint has come down from 
Heinrich. When once landed, he found many Swiss people 
located in Germantown, which was then some distance from 
Philadelphia. There he made his headquarters and explored 
the country all about, going down to the head of the Chesapeake 
Bay and up the Susquehanna, near to where Harrisburg now 



16 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

stands; all this look time, and he did not retnrn liome till the 
latter })art of 1U)U. During his absence his raiuily had made 
peace with the government, and he rejoined them in Wattenwvl. 
I do not know how soon he visited Salome, but do know that 
he married her in liOl and brought her to his home. He was 
enthusiastic about the New World, and w'as anxious to get up 
a colony and emigrate thither. While the family and neigh- 
bors listened to his marvelous stories, like prudent Germans, 
they discounted them largely, but he persevered, and finally 
an Emigration Society w^as formed; but before acting, they 
resolved to send two of their number over to Pennsylvania to 
verify Heinrich's statements. Franz Louis IMichel* was selected, 
and he set out in 1703. He also went by the way of London, 
and while there met other land speculators, who told him that 
Virginia or South Carolina was a much better climate and 
country than Pennsylvania. They reached America, looked 
all about, consuming a couple of years' time, and finally, to the 
great disgust of Heinrich, selected North Carolina as Jhe place 
to locate. Avhere the Society finally emigrated in 1710, and 
settled what is now New-Berne. During this time Heinrich 
was probably staying with his father's family and practiced his 
profession. I can imagine that Heinrich became very impa- 
tient. He had not abandoned his design of emigration to 
Pennsylvania, and the determination of his associates to go to 
North Carolina must have been a great disappointment. It 
seems his father's family gave up the design entirely. This 
restless state of mind miglit have been the reason that caused 
him to join in another struggle against the government in 
170G. This, as usual, miscarried, and he had again to seek 
safety in flight; this time encumbered by Salome and two chil- 
dren, Emanuel, aged four, and Gabriel, aged tw-o years. They 
stole off in the night, Salome and the two children on a horse, 
led by Heinrich. They were again making for the border. By 
the next daylight they were near the Lake of Thun, where 
Heinrich had secured a ])oat. Then he discovered they were 
pursued by two mounted Hussars. When within a few hun- 

•For the account of Franz T^ouis Michers journeys to America consuU the 

Berner Taschenbuch, 1898, published by K. T. Wyss, Bern. 
For an account of the Swiss colony in North Carolina, consult Neujahrs- 

blatt, 1897, published by Historical Society, of Canton of Bern. 
For an account of the life and journeys of Heinrich Zimmerman, consult 

Neujahrsblatt, 1903, published by Historical Society, of Canton of 

Bern. 



THE CARPENTER FAMILY. 17 

drcd 3"ards of the shore, at a narrow place in the path, he 
stopped and sent his wife and chihlmi forwanl. with directions 
to launch the boat and be ready to push oil' when he joined 
them. The Hussars were armed with sabres and spears; llein- 
rieh also had a stafi'. As they drew near, he foiiimamk'd them 
to halt, which they did not heed; he then vigorously attacked 
them with stones. Their horses became restive, and they dis- 
mounted; this took some time, and Heinrich, seeing his wife 
and children in the boat, beat a hasty retreat. He was licet of 
foot, but one of his pursuers was more so, and just as he 
reached the boat, caught him by the skirt of his coat. Salome 
rose to the occasion, and by a well directed blow with an oar, 
laid him sprawling. Heinrich sprang aboard. She pushed off, 
and they were safe. Rupp, in his history of Lancaster County, 
Pennsylvania, speaks of Heinrich Zimmerman as the "^Swiss 
Patriot," but he gives no details, and this feat of arms, wherein 
Salome got in the decisive work, is the only one that tradition 
has handed down. Some of the versions give as high as four 
Hussars, but I stick to the more modest story of two. Hein- 
rich was safe, but he resolved to quit his native land forever, 
and with little delay lie set out on his long journey. As in the 
former voyage, he first went to London, where he again met the 
land agents, or it may be Penn himself, who was tlien in Eng- 
land. He arrived in Cermantown in 170(), having been absent 
from the Colony six years. There he doubtless met many old 
friends, and found a flourishing little town. He must have 
had considerable money, for he purchased a house in the town 
and some land in the vicinity, as is shown by the records. 

He at once commenced practicing his profession, and by the aid 
of two "Redemptioners," whose time he bought, he began to im- 
prove his land. Here he remained and prospered for several years^ 
his capital and his family increasing. Besides his two eldest sons, 
Emanuel and Gabriel, born in Switzerland, we have next Salome, 
then Christian, then Daniel, then Mary, and lastly Jacob. The 
Swiss and Germans were coming over in great numbers and push- 
ing settlements out towards the Susquehanna. About the year 
1710 lie acquired his first land in what is now Lancaster County. 
The tract contained 200 acres. Two years later he bougl\t of 
Christoplier Franciscus, a Swiss settler, a tract of 572 acres, 
which was partly ini])roved. This land included a fine spring, 



18 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

near what is now called Lampeter Square. For this land he 
gave $3,000, and I conclude that he must have inherited money 
from his father or through his wife, for he could hardly have 
made so much by his profession in so new a country. He 
bought four more "Eedemptioners" and put them to work, 
enlarging the improvements upon the Franciscus tract. "Ee- 
demptioners" were poor people who could not pay their passage 
money and were sold for a term of years. He made frequent 
journeys from his home to his plantation, a distance of about 
sixty miles, which required two days' hard traveling. The 
woods were full of game; bear and wolves were abundant. 
One niglit, while staying with Francisus, a loud scratching 
was heard at the door, and as Franciscus opened it a large wolf 
sprang at his throat; he grappled it, and his dauglitor, who 
was cutting meat, rushed to his assistance and killed the wolf 
with the butcher knife. Heinrich sat bv the tire smoking his 
pipe, and was in no wise disturbed. While living in German- 
town he became intimate with Pastorius, the Wistars and 
others, who were the foun(]ers of the town, and took his part 
in the development of the place. Meantime he was enlarging 
his estate on the Pcquca, and by 1717 had something over 3,000 
acres. He then thought it best to remove his family there. 
Before doing so he built a house of hewed walnut logs. It was 
twenty-four feet square and two stories high, with an adjoining 
kitchen, eighteen by twenty feet, one story That was the pre- 
vailing style of the best houses of that day and continued to be 
for more than a century though later many were built of stone, 
instead of logs. Before he moved, Pequea had become a large 
settlement, all the colonists being Swiss or German. 

Lancaster County, as is well known, is one of the most fertile 
spots of the whole country. The surface is gently rolling, with 
no high hills, though the beds of the streams are rather deep. 
T]ie whole face of the country was covered with a heavy forest of 
oak. walnut, chestnut, poplar and elm, with an occasional pine; 
there was not a dense undergrowth. Limestone is abundant, 
and the Avater in the streams is very clear; strong springs are 
very numerous. It is today a most delightful country, and the 
best improved in the United States, and doubtless there the 
early Switzers realized that they had at last found the promised 
land. They were virtuous and industrious, and might be called 



THE CARPENTER FAMILY. 19 

rich, for tliey had in abundance all that their simple wants 
required. Out of wool and flax they manufactured their clothes; 
they planted orchards and vinej^ards, and had fruit, cider and 
wine. They brought wdth them all the habits and customs of the 
fatherland, its religion and its amusements, and, taken alto- 
gether, might be considered a prosperous and happy people. 
The Pequea settlement was early considered the most thrifty in 
the colony, and Governor Pownell, who traveled there in 1754, 
said it reminded him of the best cultivated portions of Europe. 
They even practiced irrigation, a custom which they had brought 
with them from Switzerland, but which has long since been 
abandoned. A good wagon road was soon constructed to Phila- 
delphia, and they were thus brought in connection with the 
principal town of the colony ; in fact, the only one of any 
importance. The town of Lancaster was not founded until 1728.. 
The continual good reports that were sent back to the old coun- 
try brought swarms of new emigrants, four or five thousand 
families coming out yearly. Heinrich practiced among his neigh- 
bors, and continued to improve his land. At the date of his 
removal to Pequea Emanuel was fifteen years of age, Gabriel 
thirteen, Salome ten, and so they ranged down. Two children, 
Maria and Jacob, were born after the family settled at Pequea, 
making ciglit in all. Our ancestors were prolific people. The 
advantages of education were limited, and Heinrich sent his 
children back among his friends at Germantown to attend the 
schools there. Pastorius, the founder of the town, had estab- 
lished a sort of a college there at a very early day. Heinrich 
must have been a good patron, for as they grew up he sent them 
all there. He had them taught both English and German, 
which was quite unusual, for nothing but German was spoken 
at Pequea; but Heinrich was a wise fellow, and doubtless rea- 
lized that as English was the legal language of the country, it 
would be advantageous for his children to know it. His course 
seems to have subjected him to considerable censure among his 
neighbors, who thought that the Dutch was good enough for rea- 
sonable people. The sequel proved that Heinrich was right. 
He was the largest land holder in the settlement, and, in addi- 
tion, a doctor. The two made him quite a local celebrity. The 
next man in importance was Hans Graff, also a "Switzer." He 
had lived in Germantown, and he and Heinrich had settled on 



20 (JENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

the Pequea about the same time. There was considerable rivalry 
between them, for even in these early days more than one man 
aspired to be ''big ]njim." As time rolled on, and Heinrich's 
boys were getting to be men, he thought he must have more, 
land. The country towards Philadelphia was mostly taken up, 
and that I'ui'ther west and north had not then been surveyed. 
This was about 173()-28. Squatters wore pushing out and blaz- 
ing out claims, and Heinrich determined to have his share. He 
accordingly went about eight or ten miles up the Conestoga, 
where a small stream flows into that creek, and where there was 
a beautifid valley and numerous springs, and commenced blaz- 
ing the trees and driving his stakes. While engaged in this laud- 
able enterprise whom should he encounter but Hans Graff, 
engaged in the same business. This was a serious dilemma, but, 
being sensible "Switzers," they drew out their pipes, seated 
themselves on a log, and proceeded to smoke and reflect. The 
little brook forked about a mile above its mouth into about two 
equal parts. They agreed that Heinrich should have all the 
land on the right hand fork, looking up stream, and Hans that 
on the left. There remained the land from the forks to the 
mouth. Hans ofl'ered a horse for the refusal of this tract. 
Heinrich immediately offered two. This staggered Hans, and 
he proposed that they draw sticks ; Heinrich agreed and won the 
land. So the matter was amicably settled, and to this day one 
branch is called "Carpenter's Eun" and the other "Graff's 
Eun." The forks are about a mile from the present village of 
Earlville, and could these fellows come back they would behold 
one of the most delightful rural scenes in America, and find the 
land M'Orth two or three hundred dollars an acre instead of ten 
cents, the price they paid for it. Emanuel ,his eldest son, by 
this time had married a Swabian girl, named Caroline Line, 
and Gabriel had married a Swiss girl named Appolina Her- 
man. The families of both were among the early settlers on 
the Pequea. Emanuel built a house near where the Eun puts 
into the Conestoga, and Gabriel built another near the Forks, 
close to a big spring. Their houses were log cabins. In a few 
years they were replaced by the regulation houses, twenty-four 
feet square; and the house that Gabriel built in 1730 of hewed 
walnut has remained, and after the lapse of 156 years bids fair 
to last as much longer. I was in it last summer, and stood in 







CARPENTER'S MILL. 



This mill stands on the site of the original mill, 
built about 1740, by the Carpenters. The first mill 
was a log mill; the second mill, built about 1787 by 
John Carpenter and Susan Hartman, his wife. This 
was destroyed by fire about 1840. 

The present mill was built on the foundations of 
the former ones. Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. 



THE CARPENTER FAMILY. 21 

the room where four generations had been born and died. Mary 
Carpenter, spinster, a gi'eat grand-daughter of Gabriel, now 
owns it. 

Salome, the eldest daughter of old Heinrich, was married in 
1731 to John Wistar, of Germantown, and went there to live. 

Henry was now seventeen or eighteen years of age. He had 
been attending school for some years at Germantown. His 
father concluded to make a doctor of him, and accordingly sent 
him back to Europe, probably to Basle, to obtain a medical edu- 
cation. I can imagine what a good time that young fellow had 
when lie got back to Berne among his uncles, aunts and cousins. 
I feel assured that he cut a wide swath, and when he talked of 
the New World and his fatlier's broad acres, that the subject 
received all the necessary amplifications. If it did not, he was 
not a genuine Carpenter. After three years he returned, and 
with him came a family from Switzerland named Forney . One 
of the members was named Susan, whom he married very soon 
after his return. He built a house on the new purchase, and 
began practice. In 1734 the land upon which they had squalled 
came into market, and the father, Heinrich, acquired by patent 
about 2,700 acres. 

For some reason he liked the new place better tlum the old, 
and in 1735-6 built a stone house near to his sons, in the same 
style as his original log house. It is still standing a few hun- 
dred yards from the "Carpenter Church" and grave-yard. 1 was 
in it last summer. Nearly one whole side of the kitchen is taken 
up by an immense chimney, with stone seats on either side. I 
sat on one and smoked and tried to conjure up the spirit of 
old Heinrich, but without success, though I am sure he must 
have smoked many a pipe in the same spot. The crane from 
which the pots and kettles were suspended is still there, and 
the bake oven, whose mouth opens from the chimney, is still 
in use. The women with short skirts, the men with the leather 
breeches, and the pewter plates and spoons have disappeared, 
never to return. Soon after his removal he and his sons built 
a grist and sawmill on the Conestoga. These were among the 
first built upon that stream. They were built of logs. In 1768 
a grandson of Heinrich rebuilt them of stone. They were 
burned down in 1888 and rebuilt by a man named Graybill in 
the same vear. These mills are near the village of Earlville. 



22 QENtJALOOICAL NOTES OF 

Ncxl to Clirislinii cainc Alary. Tn 17;')!) slio was married to 
Daniel l^'icrc, (lie son of one of (lie old sclllci'S, and of a very 
|)i'oiniiU'it( faiiiily. She was niari'ied in iln' old stone house 
before lueiitioned, bv bcr brother l^hnanuel, who in 1735 had 
been a])poin[ed Justice of (he Teaet' of His Majesty George T. 
His fallier and niolher and all bis broduM's were present at llie 
wedding, bt'sides many otiiers. I{n|>|), in bis llisloi-y, givi>s the 
followinji; aeeount of the wedding. 



M AK K I AQK CKKTl KICATE. 

lAtrni of the marriage of I^anit^l 1^'iere, dr., wbo was a son of 
(lie (Irst seltler, but Ixu-n in (his country, with Mary (*ai'|)enter, 
a, Ziiunierinan. daugbter of Henry (-ai-peider, lirst inmiigrani, 
but born in (bis country. 

''W II I'M! p: AS, Daniel I'^iere, of the County of jjaneastcr, and 
province^ of Pennsylvania, yeoman, and Mary (^arpentei-, daugh- 
ter of Henry Carpenter, of the county and province aforesaid, 
spinster, having made due jjublication of their intention of 
marriage as (be law directs — '^Phese are, therefoi'(\ to certify, 
all whom it may concern, that on [\\c 1st day of May, Anno 
Domini, 1739, befoi'(^ nu>, hhuauuel Car])en(er, one of his Ma- 
jesty's Justices of (be Teace for th(> said counly, (bey, the said 
Daniel Fiere and Mary CarpcMder, ajipeared in a. public and 
solemn asseiid)lv for that ])ur])ose a|)])ointed, aiul m(>et together 
at tbe dwelling house of tlie afoi'csaid Henry (^arjienter, where 
he, the said Haniel l''iei'(\ did opeidy declare that he took the 
said Mary Carpi'uter to be his wife, })romising to he unto her a 
loving and faithful husband till death should separate them, 
and sbe, the said MaiT (\ii'|)en(er, then and there in tbe assembly, 
did in like manncM' o|)euIy d(>elare that she took (be said Daniel 
Fiere (o be bei' busband, promising to he un(o bim a loving, 
faithful and obedient, wife (ill deadi should S(-para(e them, and 
for a further confirmation thereof both tbe said parties (o tliese 
presents have here unto in(iM"changeably put their hamls, she 
af(er (he e\is(om id' marriage assunnng (be sui-name of Ikm' hus- 
band; and we, whose names are hereunto subscribed, being wit- 
nesses present at the solemnization ther(>of, the year and day 
(Irst above wrideii. 



77//'; CAnrNNTMli FAMILY. ZW 

"VVl'l'N.KSSI'lS — 

"Einamu'l ('nrpi'iilcr, D.inicl I'^icrc, Mary iMcrc Ilciirv l"'i('r(>, 
Ilciirv llaiics, Mli/;)l)('lli K('iii|), I'aiiliis Tclcr AplVI, Henry 
Carpt'iiicr, Salome Cai'peiiler, liawrencc llayii, Daniel Ijefevrc, 
ITeinridi Ziiiiinernian"', William UnHiniiloii, Daniel Zimmerman, 
Hans llanse, (Jahriel Zimmerman, .laeol) ('ar|)enler, 'riie(i|iliilus 
Ilarlnian, Clirislian Zimmerman, Hans Ilai'Inian, Isaac I'^iere, 
I'oier I<'i(M'e, Johanna (Jonrad Kaempl", Isaac Lel^'evre, Dani(>i 
llarman, .loliaimes Volkeenmmer, (Jcor<x<> IMiili[) Dollin^'cr, 
Clirisliaii Jlarinan, Maria Herman, Abmliam Kierc, l'hili|) Lc- 
Fcvrc, ncster ljcl*\'vrc, Sanuicl licl^'cvro, Susan Zini merman, 
,lacol) l<'iere, Salome Ilarman, Deali I<'iere, IJacliel l^'iere, Isaac 
Fierc, Mary Ham, Jonas le K'oii/' 

rvToxt, comes Daniel, vvlio married Ma<;(!alena l'"orney, a sisliu" 
of his hrolher Henry's wifi;. Daniel was a noted mendier'of 
Ihe family, and was distiiigiiislied hy his i;rea( size. He was six 
reel six iiiclics in height. In M^iO he hnill. a hi;^^ slonc lionse on 
the spot where stood the cabin of l*'rancisc;us, in which Ihe wolf 
was shiin. I visited it last year, and. from appearances il will 
last anolli(>r century. Next to Daniel comes Jacob, the yon nicest 
of llie family, boiai in 1721. He lived near Dani(d, on (he old 
purchase, and cut a considerable iigiire anioiii;,- (be (^arly se((lcrs. 
He first married Elizabeth llerr, who oidy liv(Hl a few years, sec- 
ondly, he married a, Susan Miller, who died in fonr or five years; 
then be married Magdaletia Kendrick, who survived him. He 
had a lar^c. family by bis sc^veral wives; seems (o have been a 
very active business man, and acquired (|uite a foi-tnne. The 
first dcadi in the fainily was that of (be eldcsl, (lauuh(er, Salome^ 
Wistar, at (icrmanlown in 17."{(i. She was in her 2511) year, and 
left only one child, a daughter nain(>d Salotne. Having s[)oken 
of all (hi' children, we will now relui'ii (o old rrcini'ieli. All his 
childr'eri were married and well settled. All wer(^ living but 
Salome. He had land enough for a couphi of generations, and 
was generally prosp(>rous. 'VW. last olTlcial ac( of his wife was 
affixing her signature to a deed in 1743. Slu; must have died 
during (bat year, for in 17l'1 there are deeds bearing the name 
of Ileinricb alone. His last signature bears Ihe dale of 1747. 
He may have lived several years afterwards, for he lefl no will 
to fix the date of his death. He divided all his property before 



•Note. Some members of the family Biprn "Zimmerman" and some "Carpenter. 
Knianiiel, tlic Justice of the Peace was a i)r()Uier of Mary. 



24 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

his (lealli anioii^- liis children. lie was buried in llie j^raveyard 
on the "^old purchase," near Lampeter square. If any headstone 
was erected to mark liis grave it has disappeared. Tiie Grave- 
yard near the "(*arpenter Cluirch" on the new purchase had not 
tlien l)een esiablished. We have thus followed ITeinrich from 
birth to death ; we have seen that he was born in a republic, 
where Ihere was but little liberty, and where he was an unruly 
citizen, lie did nol emigrate because of religious persecution, 
and so far as 1 can K^arn he had ]io strong religious convictions. 
I suspect that he was ninoug the early skeptics, who sprang up 
after the Reformat ion. It was before the day of the Encyclo- 
pedists, A'ollairc, IJousseau, and tliat class of men; l)ut (n'l'u at 
that date there were luaiiy who, looking with ])hih)sophical eyes 
upon the religious strife raging on all sides, concluded the whole 
thing was a I'raud, ami believed nothing. To sut'li Pennsylvania 
olTered an asylum. Thei'e men might believe as they pleased 
without being molested. Franklin had found it much more 
congenial than New England. It was for jiolitical reasons and 
to better his fortune that Heinrich emigrated, lie was for 
twenty-three years the subject of a monarchy, without exercis- 
ing political privileges, for he was not naturalized till 1729, 
when by an act of the General Assembly he and his sons, 
Emanu(^l and Gabriel, who were born in Switzerland, were ad- 
mitted, with other aliiMis, to full citizenship. When the first 
patents for land were issued, Penn arbitrarily changed the 
name of Zimmerman, to its English equivalent. Carpenter, and 
the naturalization papers did the same. It took at least fifty 
years to com])lete the change, because in every-day speech the 
family was known as "Zimmerman," while legally their name 
was "Carpenter." The estate which Heinrich divided among 
his children was worth more than $100,000, which for that day 
was a very considerable fortune. I think, on the whole, we may 
feel rather ]iroud of our common ancestor. He had good stuff 
in him, and besid(>s loun.ding a family in a New World, he did 
his part toward building up a commonwealth and a nation. He 
died long before the war of the American devolution, indeed 
before the dispute had arisen which led up to that event; but 
his descendants were there, and if you are still interested I will 
tell you in another letter all I know of the part they took in 
that mcMuorable strucrgle. 



CHAPTER II. 

Chicago, III., March 18, 1897. 
My Dear Cousin — 

Nearly a niontli lias i)aRscd since I received your iiiitM-esting 
and philosophic letter. It does me good to realize that there 
are many women who are abreast of the age, and wlio dare to 
think and act in accordance with their convictions. 1 am proud 
to say that I do now, and have always believed in women, and 
that if the world is ever regenerated it will be by and through 
tlu!m. So you must not do me the injustice of placing me among 
those who would iu any way restrict her progress or usefulness. 
If I were wavering in opinion I would only liave to recall the 
past, for the Carpenters as a family were fortunate in marriages, 
and the daughters have all the time been the moving spirits, 
and I have no kind of doubt but tiiat the tlinn' Kcvolutionary 
Colonels, who were fortunate enough to marry Carpenter girls, 
would never have amounted to uiuch had it not been for their 
wives. You think it rather surprising that I can remember so 
much about ilu; family, and it would be so if I carried the story 
in my head, which I do not. 

For more than twenty years I have been jotting down notes 
and clipping scraps from papers whenever and wherever I found 
anything relating to the family, and for the past two years, 
since I have had access to them, I have been wading through 
the Colonial Records and Pennsylvania Archives of forty-seven 
volumes, covering the time from the first settlement to the end 
of the Revolutionary period. 1 have all along intended to put 
the materials into a connected story, but could never get started 
till you proposed that I should write on historical subjects; 
then I bethought me that the time bad come to write down the 
facts and traditions which I had (;ollected. So you are respon- 
sible for having set me to a work that but for you would have 
been put off indefinitely, or, what is more probable, would never 
have been begun. 

My indolence still stands in the way; now and then I spur 



26 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

myself up, but 1. grow tired when I find tliat tlic task is mueh 
greater than 1 had anticipated. I try to condense, but that is 
only possible to those who are more accustomed to such work. 
I will take up the story where 1 left oil' — that is about the year 
1750, the date of IJ(Mnrieli Ziinmcrnuin's death. The Province 
of I'ennsylvauia then had a population of nearly 300,000. Lan- 
caster County was orgaiiized in 1729, and Lancaster City, which 
had been laid out the preceding year, had only 200 people. 
]jaiicasier was the most nourishing of the counties, outside of 
Philadelphia, and was comparatively well settled. Two-thirds 
of the population were Swiss or German; the other third was 
composed of Scot(.*h- Irish rresbylerians, and English Quakers. 
These two latter classes were bitterly opposed to each other, 
both in religion and politics; elections were fiercely contested 
and were attended with riots and outrages not surpassed by the 
ward ])oliticians of the present day. Upon one occasion Gal- 
braith, a Scotch-Irishman, was running against Wright, an Eng- 
lisli Quaker. Mrs. Galbraith, arrayed in a red cloak and red 
cap, rode through the settlements electioneering for her hus- 
band, and upon election day more than 2,000 Scotch-Irish votes 
were polled in a precinct where there were less than a thousand 
people. So you sec that ballot box stuffing is hy no means a new 
thing. Up to 1729 but few of the Swiss or GcM-inans had been 
naturalized and still fewer could speak j^higlish; thus while 
ihey constituted the bulk of the pojmlation they had no politi- 
cal ])ower. The Quakers were very solicitous that they should 
be made citizens because most of them wei'c Mcnnonilcs, ami in 
docii'iiu' as n^yarded war, agreed with the (^)uakers. 

The Scolc;h-Irish for that reason opposed it all the more, but 
the Quakers, being in the majority in the Province, carried the 
measure, and in 1729 great numbers of the Swiss and Germans 
became citizens, among whom were Heinrich Zimmerman and 
his sons. Emanuel, aged 27, and Gabriel, aged 25, both of whom 
had been hdi'ii in Switzerland. As I have previously written, 
Heinricii had his children educated in English as well as in 
German, which was not usual, but rather opposed to the ideas of 
his fellow countrymen. They made a great mistake in trying 
to retain and perpetuate their language, a mistake that con- 
tinued for a century, and did more than anything else to keep 
the German element in the background, politically and in other 



77//-; CARPKNTKIl FAMILY. 27 

rcsjx'cls. Ilciiiiicli was wiser (liaii his coiiiciiiiiorai'ics, and 
reali/('(l llial lliis was (o he an l<]n;;lisli, not, a (Jcrnian, counlry, 
and that it wus best to adjust liiinseli' to llif coiidilions. liy so 
doing ho gave his family a great advantage over those who still 
clung exclusively to the German tongue and education, in I he 
struggle of life they were much better e(| nipped than their neigh- 
bors. Of the six sons Henry, as you knew, was educated as a 
physician. The other five sons wore all laiight surveying and 
also to be "scrivenei's,''' that is to be able to draw deeds, wills 
and other oflicial pajjcrs. We thus sec that when tlu; old man 
quit the stage ]w. left his family in an exceptionally favorahle 
condition. 'I'hey jointly owned several thousand acres of land, 
fairly well i(npi'ov(>d ; they had grist and sawmills and hemp and 
flax factories, distilleries, and, besides, each of the sons had a 
profession. At that, day surveying and writing deeds was a 
leading business. 'IMiousands of immigrants were coming in 
yeai'ly, all of whom had to have lands surveyed and deeds drawn, 
and the I'eniis, as proprietors, were having the lands west of 
the Susquehaniui run off to meet tin; demand. These Swiss 
young m(>n, who could survey and speak l<]nglish, found plenty 
of employment. I have spoken of the aidagonism between the 
Scotch-Irish aiid the (Quakers. As soon as the (lermans and 
Swiss became naturalized they took sides with tlu; (Quakers, and 
then the fight became general, and was ke[)t up for half a cen- 
tury; but the Germans and Quakers were too much for the other 
element, and generally named the majority of the f)nieers. I<]ven- 
tually, with the lapse of time, intermarriage and other causes, 
the racial prejudices died out. 

From 1729 to the end of the century the county records and 
archives make very frequent mention of the Carpenter family, 
'^rhey filled various jjublie otbees; they di'cw deeds and wills, 
and administered on estates, and in every respect seem to have 
been quite prominent. It is from the public records of Tjan- 
caster County, rennsylvania, that I have derivcnl most of the 
knowledge of the family. 

Very soon after the death of lleinrich the Krcnch and Eng- 
lish war broke out, which involved the Colonies, and Pennsyl- 
vania was kept in a state of turmoil from 1755 to 1703. During 
that period the family had to bear its share of the trouble; so 



28 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

far as 1 can learn lliey did their duty, aud on special occasions 
were of great service. 

Twenty years later, when the Eevolutionary crisis came on, 
the family at once embraced the Patriot cause, and with per- 
sons and property threw themselves into the contest, and it can 
be safely assmned (liat no other family in the country did more. 
Fourteen of their number were mustered into active service, 
and many others were enrolled among the "Associates," a kind 
of home guards, to be called out in cases of extreme peril. 

Having given this general outline, I will now relate what I 
have learned about particular members of the family. Emanuel 
Carpenier, \\\v eldest son of Heinrich, taking all in all, is the 
best specimen the family produced. He was born in Switzerland. 
The traditions handed down came to me mostly through my 
grandfather, Pavid Carpenter, though other members contrib- 
uted, and particularly Daniel Kreider, the father of Dr. M. Z. 
Kreider, of Lancaster, Ohio, who was the grandson of Daniel 
Carpenter, the brother of Emanuel. When I was a boy, eight 
or ten years old, he taught the school near my father's home, 
where your mother and I were pupils. He lived at our house, 
and almost nightly he and grandfather talked over old times. 
He had a strong taste for the marvelous, and I fear that his tales 
were more interesting than authentic. Old Emanuel, or "Manny 
the Law Giver," as they called him, was a familiar character 
in their reminiscences. My grandfather was twelve years of 
age when "Manny" died, and ho remembered him very well. 
x\ccording to his description he was a man a little over six feet 
tall, with wide shoulders, and heavy, tliough not corpulent. 
He was fond of children, as was also his wife, Catharine Line, 
and their house was a favorite resort for the younger ones of 
tlie various families, all of whom lived comparatively near by. 
Catharine was very corpulent, and it is from her that many of 
the descendants have inherited the tendency to stoutness. He 
was naturalized witli liis father in 17t>!), when he was twenty- 
seven years of age. 

The ink was hardly dry upon his naturalization papers when 
he was appointed constable and assessor for Cocalico township, 
a much more inipiu'tant onicc then than now, and from that 
time till his death in 1780 he was continually in office. For a 
period of lifty-one years he held the confidence and was the 



THE CARPENTER FAMILY. 29 

constant adviser of the whole Swiss and German element of the 
county. In 1735 he was commissioned hy tlie crown as one of 
his Majesty's Justices of the Peace. In 175G he was first elected 
to the Provincial Assembly, and was constantly re-elected for 
a period of seventeen years, when he declined further service 
in that capacity. In 1759 he was appointed by the Crown, Pre- 
siding Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, which olTice he 
held till his death. He not only attended to his official duties, 
both in court and in the Assembly, but did a great deal of other 
business in the way of drawing deeds, settling estates, etc. In 
looking over the records of the county for that period no name 
occurs more frequently than his. His business called him to 
Philadelpliia very often, and there he became intimately ac- 
quainted with Dr. Franklin, and their friendship continued 
during life. Franklin was a great politician, and I can readily 
see how Emanuel could be very useful to him, through his 
influence with the Germans, and also how Franklin could re- 
ciprocate by helping legislation favorably to that class. Frank- 
lin was first Clerk of the Provincial Assembly, and later became 
a member of that body, and for several years he and Emanuel 
were colleagues. In 1755 occurred Braddock's ill-fated expedi- 
tion. The English army landed in Virginia, where transporta- 
tion in the way of wagons and pack horses were to have been 
provided, but these things were scarce in Virginia, so that the 
force came to a stand-still at Cumberland. Then Franklin came 
to the rescue. He had the confidence of the Lancaster County 
farmers; he went there, and by the aid of Emanuel and his 
brothers, in a few weeks secured all the wagons and pack horses 
needed; Franklin and Emanuel becoming responsible for the 
pay, and thereby got themselves into great difficulty. When 
Braddock was defeated a great many of the wagons and horses 
were captured, as was also his money chest. ^Phon the farmers 
pounced upon Franklin and Emanuel for remuneration, and 
they were kept in trouble for many years, till finally the Brit- 
ish government settled the claims. During the troublesome 
times from 1755 to 1765, while the war lasted, and while the 
Indians were depredating and murdering, Lancaster City was 
the depot for military supplies, and many troops were organ- 
ized there. Colonel Boquet, a Swiss officer, was stationed there 
several times, and was on terms of the greatest intimacy with 



30 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

the Carpenter family. He spent a great deal of time at the 
residence of Colonel Daniel Carpenter, a younger brother of 
Emanuel, who lived about six miles from town in Lampeter 
township. It is probable that he may have known their rela- 
tives, who remained in Switzerland. The public records of the 
time show that Emanuel was very active in assisting the Gov- 
ernment both in raising troops and collecting supplies. After 
the French war was over trouble between the settlers and the 
sons of William Penn came up about taxes and various other 
questions, and I find that Emanuel was always a staunch sup- 
porter of Franklin, who was the leader of those who opposed 
the Penns, but before these questions were settled they were 
overshadowed by the Eevolutionary agitation. When the "Bos- 
ton Port Bill" was passed and the "Tea Episode" occurred, the 
whole province was in turmoil. This was in 1774, and then 
the first "Committees of Safety" were formed. Franklin was 
at the head in Philadelphia County, and all the others acted 
in unison. In those days, when there were no papers to speak 
of, the "Taverns" were the centers of information and news, 
and tavern-keeping was a highly respectable and influential 
calling. The principal hotel in Lancaster was the "Black 
Bear," kept by Adam Eeigert, a son-in-law of Emanuel, and 
the place where he always stopped when in the city. There the 
first meeting of the people was called to organize the "Commit- 
tee of Safety" for the county. Emanuel was then 72 years of 
age, and for nearly forty years had been an officer of the crown; 
but he did not hesitate a moment in joining heartily in the 
movement, and threw all his influence into the cause of the 
Colonists. He was made a member of the Committee, as was 
also his son-in-law, Eeigert, and I have no doubt that from his 
age and the confidence in which he was held, that he had more 
weight than any other man in it. In that tavern the committee 
held most of its sessions during the war, and Adam Eeigert 
became a leading spirit. He entered into the contest with vim, 
was made a Colonel, and served with distinction. After the 
war he was sheriff' of the county, member of the Assembly, and 
during his whole life was a notable character. During the war 
Washington was in Lancaster several times, and in 1777, after 
the battle of Brandy wine and Germantown, while on a visit 
the citizens gave him a dinner at the "Black Bear." Lieutenant 



THE CARPENTER FAMILY. 31 

John C.ii'pcnter, who died in the house where your mother was 
born, and who was my great grandfather, happened to be at 
home on leave of absence. He attended the dinner, taking 
with him his son, David, my grandfather, then a boy nine years 
old. The dining room, which was quite large, had at the rear 
end a stairway, upon which perched the children of the family. 
My grandfather remembered well how they looked. Washington 
in a brilliant uniform, with yellow buckskin breeches ; Lafayette 
in stunning apparel and reddish hair, done up in a cue; Wayne, 
very imposing, with tall plumes, and old Emanuel in drab 
clothes, with white hair, tied with a leather string. When the 
Declaration of Independence was passed, a new Constitution 
for the State was made, and all the crown officers went out, 
Emanuel with the rest; but he was immediately reappointed 
presiding justice by the Supreme Executive Council of the 
State. His house, which is not now standing, was about seven 
miles from town, near the Concstoga Creek, in Earl township. 
The old gentleman made his frequent trips to and from town 
on horseback. He rode an old horse with a bald face, and was 
always accompanied by a favorite dog. When the people along 
the road saw him pass they said, "Court is now in session, for 
there goes 'Manny' on old 'Baldface,' with his dog 'Penny.' " 
In their opinion all the elements of justice were summed up 
in these three; whatever "Manny" said went, and no one ever 
dreamed of appealing from his decision. I will close this sketch 
by some extracts from public documents and from the histories 
of Lancaster, Pennsylvania. 



"L. L. Pennsylvania to-wit: 

"George the Second, by the grace of God, of Groat Britain, 
France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, etc. To all 
whom these presents shall come ; Greeting : Know ye, tliat we 
have constituted our chosen and faithful Emanuel Carpenter, 
gentleman. Presiding Judge of the Court of Common Pleas 



Note. — There are several other commissions on record, one in 1777 by 
the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania re-appointins him 
Presiding Justice. Rupp's History, Lancaster Co. Note, page 126. 

"Emanuel Carpenter, or Zimmerman, son of Henry Carpenter, was 
born in Switzerland in 1702, died in 1780. He had the unbounded con- 
fidence of his fellow citizens, as v/ill appear in the sequel." — Rupp's 
History, page 349. 



33 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

for the County of Lancaster, to hold the same for so long a 
time as he shall well behave himself therein. 

"In testimony whereof we have caused the great seal of our 
said Province to be hereunto affixed. 

"Witness, William Denny, Esq., by virtue of a commission 
from Thomas Penn and Eichard Penn, Esq., true and absolute 
proprietors of said Province, with our Eoyal approbation. Lieu- 
tenant Governor and Commander in Chief of said Province, 
and the Counties of New Castle, Kent and Sussex, on Delaware, 
at Philadelphia, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven 
hundred and fifty-nine, and in the thirty-second year of our 
reign. "William Denny, 

"Lieutenant Governor. 

"Eecorded on 2nd March, A. D. 1760, by me, Edward Ship- 
pen, Eecorder." 

Book D., page 536, Lancaster, Pa. 

"Emanuel Carpenter was appointed Presiding Justice of the 
Court of Common Pleas of Lancaster County in 1759. He 
filled the office until 1780 the time of his death. He lived 
beloved, and died lamented by all. He was in every sense an 
honest and upright man, always just, liberal and tolerant. 
He was an arbiter in all matters of dispute among his neigh- 
bors, and such was their confidence in his integrity that from 
his decision they never appealed. His remains rest in 'Car- 
penter^s Graveyard,' near Earlville, where at his side rest those 
of his consort, Catharine Line. Their lineal descendants are 
many, and are to be found in the names of Carpenter, Graff, 
liere, Eeigert, Slaymaker, McCleary, Eutter, Ellmaker and 
others." 

Harris' Biographical History, Lancaster Co., page 129 : 

"Emanuel Carpenter was a member of the Provincial As- 
sembly from 1756 to 1771. In 1729 he was appointed Con- 
stable; in 1733, Justice of the Peace, and in 1759, Presiding 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Lancaster County, 
which position he held till his death in 1780. The following 
shows how his services were appreciated by his fellow citizens: 

"'To Emanuel Carpenter, Esq., late one of the Eepresenta- 
tives in the Assembly for the County of Lancaster. 

"'Sir: The burgesses and assistants of the borough of Lan- 




CARPENTER'S CHURCH AND GRAVE-YARD; 
Built about 1820, by Christian Carpenter, son of Gabriel, and 
great-grand-son of Heinrich, for the use of all denominations. 
The land for the Grave-Yard was given by two Carpenters, in 
1750. Lancaster County, Penna. 



'I' I IN ('Ah-l'MNTI'lh' l<'AMIIA\ .'?:? 

castei- luol this day nl the fequcst of a nuiiihcr of (lie rcpulablc 
inhnbitniits of the bomiigli, and, being sensible of your services 
as one of (be Representatives for (be (~!ounty of Lancaster in 
tlie (Jeneral Assembly of the I'roviiice these seveiiiceii years 
past, have directed (hat the tiuinks of (be Corpdralioii be of- 
fered to you, widi llie assiii'anee of (heir a|i|)r(»ba( ion of your 
steady and unil'oriu conduct in (bat stalion. And as you bave 
declined serving your country longer in (ba( ca|)aci(y, I am 
charged to nicMdion (ba( i( is (be earnest wish of tbe inhabi- 
tants of Ijam^aster tiuit you nuiy l)e coiUinued in th(> commis- 
sion of the peace, where you have so long pri'sided and de- 
servedly ac(|uired and sn|)|)or(ed (be character of an upi'igbl and 
inij)artiai magistrate, e(c. 

"'By order of the J^urgesscs and Assistants. 

"'Caspeii SiiAFFNEK, Town (Jlerk.' 

"'La.ncas(er, Odober 3, 1773/ 

IT is tombstone in tlu; "Carpenter's Graveyard," near Earlville, 
erected by his grandson, I^^nianuel Carpenter Keigert, beai's tbe 
following inscription : 



"Plere eidendied lie (be remains of l*]m;innel (^ar- 
penter, l*]s(|., Ia(e ['residing .lustice of tbe (jourt 
of Common tMeas of Laiu-aster County, if true piety, l)(>nevo- 
lenc(^ and (^bris(i:in cbari(y and unsullied re|»u(M(i()n, iind an 
eiitiri^ dc'votion to (be rigbts of man, at (lie most gloomy |)eriod 
of our national struggle, are commendable, (be e.\'am|)le of tbe 
deceased is vvortliy of inulalion. Me closed liis usel'id and well 
spent life on A[)ril 1, ;I7S(). And also of his wife, Catharine 
Carpenter, who died in b\'l)ruary, 1785, in the 84th year of her 
life." 

"Filial affection and respect for ancestral worlli induced (be 
erection bv their grandson, A. 1). 1837." 



His funei-al was (be largest (ha( bad ever been seen in the 
connty. The crowd (11 led (be bouse, (be yard ;ind (be whole 
road to th(> gravevard, bnlf a mile awav. Immense (iu;in(i(iea 



34 OENEALOOICAL NOTEl^ OF 

of ])rovisions, wiiu' ;iiul whiskey were coiiisuiucd iu the way of 
rcfresliineiits, for it was the custom of that day, a custom which 
prevailed till fifty years ago. lie left (he following children: 

Barhara (■arpentcr, married to Jacoh l''iei'e. 

]^]lizaheth C^ir])enter, marrietl to dohii (J rail', gi'aiulsoii of old 
"Hans." 

Catherine Cai'jxMiter, inaii-ied lirst to Frederick Viser; sec- 
ond, Colonel Adam Iveigert. 

Jacob Cari)cntcr, nuirried, (Irst, Maria Forney; second, Anna 
Maria Youndt, widow of Jacoh Carpenter. 

Emanuel (^ar])enter, married ^lai'y Smith, or Schmidt. 

Jacoh was the eldest son and his sisters were older. He was 
born in 1741; when twenty-three years of age lie married Maria 
Forney, and with her had live children. She died in 1T!)(), and 
in 1791 he married Anna Maria Youndt, who was the widow 
of his cousin, Jacoh Carpenter, son of his uncle, (rabriel Car- 
penter, and brother of his father, Ihuanuel. She had six chil- 
dren by her tirst husband. He iidicritcd a large plantation from 
his father, lying on the north side of the Conestoga river. Dur- 
ing the Revolution he was (Mirolled in one of th.e "Associates' 
Battalions," and did duty iu guarding the British prisoners, 
who were contined in a stockade at Lancaster. I do not find 
that he served out of the county. In 1781 he was elected to 
the Assembly, and served till 17S;>. lie is the num who at- 
tempted to catch the ghost, which, according to my grand- 
father, occurred as follows: Jacob lived on the north, and his 
brother Emanuel, our great grandfather, on the south side of 
the Conestoga. Their houses were a third of a nule a])art; the 
land slopes on eitlu'r side towards the stream; a path con- 
nected the two places, the creek was crossed on a log; the land 
was not cultivated, and was covered l)y an open forest. Jacob 
was making a visit to his brother about dusk. He had crossed 
the creek, when he saw coming down the path one of his 
brothei-'s "Eedemptioners" named Adam. Adam was almost 
a giant in stature, and had the reputation of being boastful 
and cowardly. Jacob thought he would test his courage. He slip- 
ped behind a tree, and as Adam came up he sprang upon him; 
but lo, th(> former vanished as in a whirlwind. Jacob was 
astounded, but he tarried not, but rushed on to his brother's 



THE CAUPE'XTER FAMILY. 35 

house, and fell fainting- ii])ou the porch. When he was l)rought 
to, his excitement was not allayed by seeing Adam in person, 
and who had not been away. No explanation could be given, 
and he had to be escorted home by several members of the fam- 
ily, with a lantern. Adam sturdily refusing to be of the party; 
in fact, he seemed to be almost as much frightened as Jacob, 
at the idea that he should have a "doubl(>" traveling about. Jacob 
thereafter remained at home after sundown, and regarded Adam 
as sonic sort of a wizard. 

Considering that Jacob had been a soldier and a member of 
the Assembly, we may conclude that 100 years ago the belief 
in ghosts was generally aeee])ted. Jacob died in 1797, leaving 
two sons, named respectively Jacob and Enuinucl, and two 
daughters, C/atharine, married to Michael Van Kenner, and 
Susannah, married to Peter Ellmaker. Their descendants still- 
live in Lancaster County. The Ellmaker family has been very 
prominent. In 1850 Amos Elhnaker was a member of Con- 
gress and still earlier w^as a candidate for Vice-President on 
the Anti-Masonic ticket. Jacob lived in a stone house, which 
is still in a good state of preservation, but the people who lived 
there last summer (1896) knew nothing about the ghost; prob- 
ably Jacob and Adam know all about it now. Emanuel, the sec- 
ond son of Emanuel, was our great grandfather. He was born 
in 1744. About 1768 he married Mary Smith, or Schmidt. He 
lived near the l)anks of the Conestoga, in a house which has 
now disappeared, but the stone Spring House is still there, and a 
part of the foundation of the dwelling house. It is a beautiful 
spot, commanding a view of the surrounding country, and near 
the house the banks of the creek are quite ]n-ecipitous, with 
rocky cliffs, not unlike those views of your mother's old home. 
The stone steps leading down to the s|)ring are much worn; 
large oak trees shade the spot, and the water is cool and delicious. 
On that spot Emanuel lived for more than thirty years, and 
there his four boys and five girls were born, and most of them 
were married. The traditions concerning the beauty of those 
five girls still lingers in the neighborhood, and it is still told 
what a popular resort Emanuel's house was among the young 
people. I listened and believed (>very word, for among the 
five girls were our grandmother and our grand-aunts, and I 
can remember what handsome old ladies some of them became. 



:ui 



(inM'jAi.odicAh ;V(>7'/';aS' oh' 



I (InitiK fi-diii llic s|iiiii!;, ;iii(l Sill imdcr llic onk trees, ;iml 
Hiiioked :iii(l Iried lo ejirry invseU" hiiek 100 ve;iis. I Iried lo 
coiijiire Iciek llidse li;!,ld fooled, rosy clieeked "MI'Is, will) llieir 
milk pnils, or, lieller sMIl, when hy iiiooidijdd lliey s:il under 
lliose s.'inie I rees, nol ;done, Iml willi ^ood lookin;;' yoimt;' men, 
who wore knee hreeehes, :ind lied Iheir h:iir in ;i cue. Where 
ii re llie\' now? Thnl is wli;il \(iiir mollier is Iryin:'' lo I'lnd 
oul, hid !is \'el no niiswer li:is come from Ihe fiir oil' ;iiid unseen 
shore. 'rhe\ ;ire |iroh;ihlv willi Adiinrs !;hosl. I'lmiimiel wilH 
:i e!i|)iihle, aeliye .-iiid |)ros|)eroiis m;iii, miieli liki' his I'nlher, 
wlioiii he reseml)ied, hid shoi'lei" :ind sloiiler. lie inheriled n. 
considenihh' es|jil(> rroiii his I'nlher, hid his r;imily w.is so l:ii\i!,'e 
he eoiild nol ;id(l miieh lo il, hesides he w;is n yery lios|)il;il)l(! 
m;iii, !ind liow eoiild ji m:in wilh Use i^ood looking' m!inMii<i,('iil)le 
d:Mi<;lilers snye mone\ ? When Ihe h'eyoliilioii hn^ke oiil lie was 
fihoiil. Ihiii\ liye years id' a;;'e. Me eiirolle(l liimsell' in ('aplain 
.John K'owland's eoin|)aiiy, and seised in Ihe "I'dyitii;- ('am))," 
a hody of irregular Iroops, called oiil al'ler Ihe hallle of Loiifj; 
Island. ('aplaiii Ivowland was (|iiile a disi iii!;'iiislied olliccr, 
and was a life loiiv; friend (d" I'lmaniiel and his cousin John, 
holli of whom seryed Willi him. lie emij^ralcil wilh lliein lo 
Ohio, and was killed h\ lijdil iiiii;;' al his sickle mill, which sloo(l 
where Ihe o\{\ Ivcece, or ( 'a i|ieidcr's mill was hiiill, near Ihe 
JK'.mc of your mollier. I'jiiaiiiiel waseleeled lo Ihe Assemhly in 
r;';!>, ami seryed lill JiSC. |l|ioii Ihe dealh of his father in 
I '; SO he was a|i|toiiiled ('hi(d' duslice (d' the ('oiirl (d' ('omiiioii 
IMeas, which ollice he held lill his rcmoyal to the wcsl, in ITl'S, 
HO thai father ;iiid son had scrscd in Ihe ( 'ommission of the 
Teace for :i period of si\t\' three years. His re|)iitalion stood 
Hccoiid only to that, of his father, and his name li,!.;iires |M'oiiii- 
lieidly all Ihroiii^h Ihe olVieial records id' the coiiiiiy. 

I will now Icaye Mmaniiel lo take him ii|> a!;aiii, when 1 come 
\v I he exodus (d' the family from reniisy 1\ aiiia. 

(!ahri(d (^irpeidcr, my !;real j'a'cat i^raiid I'allu'r, was the sec- 
ond son id' lleinrich. lie was horn in Swil/erlimd in i '1 1 
and died in Marl towiisliip, liancasler (*oiinly, l'eiinsyl\ aiiia, 
ill \\i'<]. 1 1 is house is still standing; at I he foik-^ (d" the (! rail', and 
('a i|icntcr's Ifiiiis, and in a i;'ood stale (d' |tresciyal ion, allhoii';Ii 
hiiill, of licwc(l loos; and Die stone Spriii;;- house, and the hii:; 
sjiriii-; are still there. (Jahricl was hy no means as prominent 




I I I I ( ) I I ) I I () M I ',11 /\ I ) . 

The old lioiiu;i.l(;.!il ol G.ilii li-l ( .11 iiiiilii , liiilll l)V lilm, In I /:in, 

L.inc.iHlnc County, Pcniiii. 

1 ho lldhlor por'tloMM of tlio lOdT iJmw ,111 .itklllluii, iiiadt! In IIiIh 

crnliiry, 



THE CARPENTER FAMILY. 37 

a ninii as his hioMur l<]iiiaiiucl. Still his name occurs (niitc 
rnHiiicntly in (lie piil.lic records. He practiced surveyin"-, had 
a saw and grist mill, and owned a large tract of fine land. About 
17o0 he married Appolina Hermann, whoso parents were promi- 
nent Swiss people of the settlement. I find from the records 
that he furnished a team and flour for the Braddock expedition, 
and that he had great trouble in getting pay for the same. He 
was a spare man, over six feet tall, with black hair and eyes. 
He died several years before the Revolution, hut liis wife, A])[)o- 
lina, lived till 1793. They had nine children, as follows: 

Christian, who married Susan Herr; Salome, married deorge 
Line; Daniel, married Susan Herr; Mary, married Jolm Smith, 
brother to our great grandfather Emanuel's wife; John, my 
greatgrandfather, who married Elijcabeth Scherer; Sarah, mar- 
ried John Grayhill, who is I he anceslor of the l.ancaster, Ohio, 
Crayl)ills; Catharine, married Teter Kckart, l]lizabeth, married 
George Eckart, and Jacob, inarried Anna Maria Youndt. 

By this long list you will perceive Ihat there was not much 
danger of the family running out. it would take too long to 
follow all these children in detail, so I will confine myself to 
those only in whom we are interested, or who were in any way 
distinguished. You will observe that Christian was the eldest 
son of Cabriel Carpenter. He, in his turn, had several chil- 
dren, three of whom distinguished themselves. Among those 
were Captain, afterwards Lieutenant-Colonel, Jacob Carpenter. 
As soon as the Revolution broke out he raised a company in 
Colonel John Fiere's Battalion, and was in th(> battle of Long 
Island and the retreat through the Jerseys. Afterwards lie was 
promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, commanded the 
Fifth battalion of the Lancaster County militia, and served to 
the end of the war. Pie was present at the battles about Philadel- 
phia, Brandywine and Germantown. The family of William 
Carpenter, deceased, of Lancaster, Pa., liave the army-chest 
carried by him through the war, which I saw last summer. It 
is very strongly made, hound with iron, and divided into com- 
partments, and noticeably there were in it twenty-four places 
similar to postotTice boxes, each of which contained a two-quart 
bottle. Several of these bottles are still kept in ])laee, and from 
the faint odor which they emit I incline to the belief that it 
took a great deal of whiskey to overcome^ the l^ritish. The 



38 GENEATjOGICAL NOTES OF 

family also linvo an a\it()i;i'a])h lotti'i- I'l-oin .It^scpli IJrcd, one 
of ilu' siii'iiors of ilie Declaration of I udcpcndciu'e, who was 
also at the date of the letter, 1781, I'resideiit of Ihe Supreme 
Executive Council of Pennsylvania, thaiddno- Colonel Car])en- 
tcr for prompt sci'vices rcMulerc-d.* lie was only 22 years of age 
when he entered ihe service, and quite handsome, as vou will 
see hy the enclosi-d photograph, which was copied from a minia- 
ture, painted on ivory, now in possession of Susan Carpenter 
Frazer, of Lancaster, I'a.. a distant relativ(>. Joel Carpenter, 
another son, was a noted politician, and was several times 
elected to the Assemhly. Christian, tlu> youngest son of Chris- 
tian, was for many years a very prominent uiau in the county. 
He did a large surveying and conveyancing business, liad a large 
mercantile establishment in Earlville, and abcnit Ihe year 1800 
was for several years sherilf of th(> county. It was he who built 
at his own e.\})ense, the Stone Cliui'eh wliieli now stands at the 
Carpenter Craveyard and donated it to tlie public. He was not 
himself a meudter of any cliui'eh. lie was tlu> father of (<al)riel 
and Dr. I'aul, of Jjancaster, Ohio, and his wife Mary was the 
daugliter of Emanuel 2nd and the sister (d' our gi'atidmother. 
John (^arpenter, the ivrd son of Cabriel, my grt'at grandfather, 
was born in IToT) and died in 1807 in the house in wliii'h your 
mother was born. He went into the war of the Revolution as 
first lieutenant in Colonel l^Mere's l)atlalion, the same in which 
Captain liowland sei'Ntnl. He was at the disastrous JJattle of 
Long-Island, and barely esi'aped ia[)ture; when most of the com- 
nnmd were taken ])risonei's. He was also in tlu' battles of 
Brandywine and Germantown. After the fall of Philadel})hia, 
I'lo Continental Congress adjourned, lirst to Lauiaster, but, 
fearing they would not be safe there, tlu'y moved thence on to 
York. Tlu^ whole country was in a panic, and LitMdenant John 
obtained a leave of absence to return home to look after his 
family. Many people, tliiid<ing that the British would soon 
be u])on tluMu, fled across the Susquehanna. John concluded to 
stay, but, as a matter of precaution, the family buried all their 
valuables and ])roovisions. My grandfather, then nine years of 
age, helped carry the meat fi'om the smoke-house to the hole 
in which they bui'ied it, and was strong enough to carry a ham. 
He well reuRunbered the terror that ])revailed, when they all 
thought that the "Hessians" would vdi them \\\). but the enemy 

• For toxt of lottor sec page 221. 




Dr. HENI{Y ('AUI'KN'riOli, 
Lancaster, Pennsylvania. 

Physician of President James Buchanan, 

and Thaddeus Stevens. 

Born 1819— Died 1889 



THE CARPENTER FAMILY. 39 

did not eomo, so tlu'v "'savi'd thoiv bacon." Dr. Henry Car- 
penter was the third sou oL' "Old ILeinrieh," wlio, as before men- 
tioned, was sent to Europe to study for his ]n'ot\'ssion. Upon 
his return he married Susan Forney, anil in due time inherited 
the home phiee, where his father died. Susan Forney was the 
aunt of Jacob Forney, who married Susan Carpenter, the 
daiighter of old Christian, and this Susan was tlio mother of the 
celebrated John A\'. Forney, who, as is well known, was a tlis- 
tinguishcd editor anil ])olitieian in Pennsylvania. Dr. Henry 
died in 1773, leaving three sons and four daughters: Henry, 
John, Abraham, Barbara, Susannah, Mary and Salome. Of 
these sons Henry and John were physicians. John, the second 
son, served in the Eevolutionary War, as a private, in the com- 
pany of which Lieutenant John, my great grandfather, had 
command. He escaped capture from Long Island, but his 
health failed him, and he was not able to re-enter the service. 
Upon the recovery of his health he married his cousin, ]\[ary 
Fiere, the daughter of Mary Carpenter, wife of David Fiere, 
as is stated in Eupp's History. She w'as the sole survivor of 
that family and inherited all the property of her father and 
mother. She was quite an heiress, and John, in consequence, 
became the richest of all the Carpenters. Ho owned farms, 
mills and city property, and cut a very wide swath. On the 
old Fiere homestead, eight miles from Lancaster, out by Para- 
dise, he built a stately mansion which he named "Carpenter 
Hall," which is standing to this day in all its glory. John 
also founded a Botanical Garden, which was celebrated during 
his day and long afterwards. His son Abrani, also quite a rich 
man, was for many years a member of the Assembly, and about 
the year 1800 he was a State Senator. Dr. Henry's daughter, 
sister to John, the man of wealth, first married Christopher 
Eeigert, brother of Colonel Adam Eeigert, son-in-law of old 
Emanuel. Christian, like his brother, Adam Eeigert, kept a 
tavern named the "Fountain Inn," which was almost as noted 
as the "Black Bear." Christian died, and left a good-looking 
widow and a big tavern. You may be sure that in due time 
many suitors appeared. Susannah looked them over, and for 
her second husband chose Thomas Edwards. She was fortun- 
ate, for Thomas was a brisk Scotchman, about thirty-five years 
of age, and at the time of his marriage was Superintendent and 



40 



ilNXHAlAHUlWL A()7'/\S" ()/-' 



injinilf;-(M' of llic ■•(Jriilih Iron Works" in I ,('l>;iiu>ii i(n\nslii[), 
LiliU'Mstci- ; ;i( lliosc works ;i ;;i-oat iiiniiv I'linnoii wcio i;is( (ov 
llu' Amorionn |>;ilriots. IK' was lirsl olorttul a Major in oiio of 
llu> hallalioiis oi' l.amaslor ('oiiiit\, l>ii( ooiiM not loavr tlu> 
shops nnlil a cci'lain nunilior ol' t'annon wort* oasl. W'hon (l\i' 
(HtnlracI was linisluHl lu' onlornl a( onoo in(o llio sorvioo, wiis 
soon [iroinolod lo tu" a ('olonol, and sorNod with distinction till 
'l>*' *'iid ol' \\\o war. At'loi- the war lio was [udniinonl in tho 
countv. was Shoi'ilV. and aocinirod an ani|>lo forlnnc. Ilo hd't 
'"> ohihlron. lie doos not soont to lia\t' managed Iho la\.'rn, 
l'>'r np till Iho tiin(> ol' his w i l\>'s doath in ISO;! it was known 
iis llio "iMMinlain Inn." hv Snsannah Mdwards. 

(Mirislian ('arponlor, Iho I'onrtli son ol' lloinruh, is the 
ono ahont whom I kih>w tho loasl, I'or ho did not dio in 
Li'.nrastt'r I'lMinlv, so that thoi-(> is no will lo rofor to. haniol 
(""iM'iu'ntor, tho lil'lh son id' 1 loinruh, was horn ahout I 'I IS-'.*'v*, 
and was tho ^iiinl oi' tho I'ainilv. Ilo was si\ I'coi six iiu'ht>!^ 
in hoi;'hl, iind proport ionatoU laruo. Ilo was notod lor his 
!4,"i'oat si rt>n_;;l h. and I am mdohtod to old haniol Kn'idor, 
Iho fathor td' l>r. M. '/. Kroulor. I'or Iho traditions in rolation 
l(V him. haniol Kroulor was tho son id* Miohaol Kroidor, who 
siU'iHvsi\ olv marriod two daiiyjilors ol' haniol I'arponlor, ono 
o( whom was Iho molhor ol' haniol Kroidor. Sho, Susannah 
Cai'ponlor, was a Norv lar;:o woman, and old Mr. Ki'imiKm' 
said sho I'oiild stand on tho rim ol' a hall' luishol moasnro and 
shouldor ii (hroo-hushol saok ol' wlioal. In proof ol' horodily, 
it may lu^ adiltMJ that noarly all tho ili'soondai\ts o\' l>aniol dn- 
poidor aro lai';;o poo|do, soino o\on as tall as thoir anoostori?. 
.Vinon;;' olhor lands ho inhoritod Iho Irnol houi;ht Ifom Kran- 
oisons, and on tho vory s|tol wlioro l\\c j^ii'l slow Iho wolf oriH'lod 
n t'mo slono houso in WoO. w liioh is slandins^' todav, almost as 
good as now. W hon lirsl huilt it was tho prido ol* Iho soltlo- 
monl. and was Iho soono id" nidunindod hospitalitv, (or Paniol 
was a I'ldonol o( tho Militia and a man ol" oon\ivial hahils. 
\\ hon drossod in his ro;;imontals. monnlod on his stood, and al 
tho hoad ol" his Ualtalion, ho mado a profound improssion upon 
his (Jorman noii^hhors. Ilo, howovor, oontinod 1iis military 
moNomonls to his own oounty, I'or 1 Ao not lind thai ho \vont to 
tho I'ronoh and Indian wars, and ho iliod in lidti. hoforo tho 
war ol' tho K'o\olulion. I>u( if ho did uol j<-o lo war, ho did tho 




STORt AND l>VVI I 1 IN(, (U)USE. 
I'.vcllliui .uiil Storr. fivctr.l .,h..iii IHiK), hy clirlstlrth Curpentor. 
!.on of Chilstl.in, MHi dirtiul son of Of^bilol LM,— son at tl»t» Imml- 
fliant. Edrlvlllr, n, ,ir thr Ooiipstoua, Lancistt^r Co., I'ciina 



THE CARPENTER FAMILY. 41 

next best thing; lie helped Ihc comnuuuler of the British forces 
to reach the front. From 1756 to 1763 a great many troops 
were stationed about Lancaster, which was a supply station for 
all the expeditions west of the Allegheny Mountains. Colonel 
Henry Boquet, a Swiss officer in the British service, was in 
command there. Several times in 1763 he marched with the 
column that met, and after a desperate fight defeated the 
Indians at "Bushy Ilun." While in Lancaster County he spent a 
great deal of time with Daniel Carpenter; they were about the 
same age, that is between thirty and forty years, and of similar 
habits, such as "looking upon the wine when it was red." It 
is also probable that Boquet may have been acquainted with 
the relations of the Carpenters, still living in Switzerland. 
Daniel had a fine team of horses and a "little red wagon" in 
which he and the Colonel were driven al)0ut the country in 
search of transportation and supplies for the army. They were 
driven by a "Redemptioner" named Paulus, belonging to 
Daniel, whose duty it was to have the team and wagon ready 
every morning, and particularly to see that a three-gallon keg 
of whiskey was duly filled and on board. Whiskey was a potent 
persuader among the German farmers of that day, and Grand- 
father Kreider said tliat when they reached home at night not 
only the two Colonels, but also Paulus, had to be lifted from the 
wagon, so wearied were they with the day's labor. At length 
Colonel Bo(]uet had to move against the enemy, but he had 
become so attached to the "little red wagon" and to Paulus 
that he persuaded Daniel to let them go with him, with the 
promise of a liberal compensalion, ;ind that they would return 
in a month or six weeks. 

Accordingly they set out, and all went well till they arrived 
within a day or two's march of "Fort Pitt," when they wer;K 
suddenly attacked by a largo body of Indians, who literally sur- 
rounded them. Colonel ]?oquet concentrated his forces on a 
wooded hill and stood them olf all day; but he was without 
water, and their condition became desperate. Paulus was in a 
dreadful state of mind, fearing for his scalp and for the "little 
red wagon;" he sought a comparatively safe place near the top 
of the hill, kept the horses and wagon near, while he crouched 
behind some fallen trees and bewailed his unlucky fate. 



42 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

BATTLIi WITir TIIIO INDIANS. 

In tlic niorjiing Colonel ]^o(iuot executed a fine piece of 
strategy. lie had one-liall' ol' his force feign a retreat, while 
the other half lay concealed in the hushes. The Indians fell 
into the trap; with loud shouts they broke from cover and 
pursued the retreating column. At a concerted signal the 
Colonel's men turned and poured in a deadly fire on the front 
of the advancing and exposed Indians, while their comrades 
rose from the bushes and attacked their flank. The Indians 
fled in consternation, leaving more than 100 of their dead on 
the fleld, and, fleeing, troubled him no more. Paulus, from his 
individual fortress, heard the shouts of victory. Seeing how 
the game had gone he emerged, and at a safe distance joined 
in the pursuit, and from an already dead Indian, or in some way 
lie secured a scalp. When he returned home, where he arrived 
safely, he bore the scalp at his belt, and during the remainder 
of his life recitxid how lie and (Joloncl Bocpiet had whipped the 
Indians. According to his story, he had led in the fore-front of 
the battle, and when the Colonel was in despair, it was he who 
conceivcid the sira,t('gy which the Colonel, under his advice, suc- 
cessfully carried out. The one scalp in his possession by no 
means represented his boasted achievements; he had slain many 
more, but could not (ak(! (inu? to scalj) Ihem. When the Colonel 
sul)sequently visited Colonel Daniel Carpenter after the cam- 
paign, and did not (exactly corroborate Paulus' story, the latter 
told his eomj)aiiions that "of course the Colonel would talk that 
way because of jealousy, etc." In truth of all this, old Mr. 
Kreider said that his father, Michael, who was son-in-law of 
Colonel Daniel, and one of the heirs and administrators of the 
estate, f(ill heir to the "scalp," which he took with him to Hunt- 
ingdon County, J'a., where the relator had often seen it hanging 
on the hook from which his father's rifle was suspended. So 
this is no "Williaiu 'I'ell story." Daniel at his death left four 
sons and foui- daughiei's. Three of his sons went into the Revo- 
lutionary war and served with credit. Two of the daughters 
were successively the wives of Michael Kreider, the ancestor of 
the Lancaster, Ohio, Ivreiders; one married a man named Eich- 
ards, and Elizabeth married Colonel Curtis Crubb. He, with 
his l)rother, Colonel Peter Crubb, owned the "Grubb Iron 
Works," at which many of the cannon for the patriot army 




Mrs. SIISAN (^AlilMCNTICIt V\iA'AFAi, 

Lancaster, Pennsylvania. 

Born 1783— Died 1836. 



THE CARPENTER FAMILY. 43 

were cast. Colonel Curtis Grubb was a member of the "Com- 
mittee of Safety." He went into the service early and served 
till the end of the war with great distinction. After the war 
he still continued his Iron Works, and accumulated a large for- 
tune, and during his whole life was an active citizen. At the 
beginning of the century he was a member of the Assembly 
and also of the State Senate. His descendants are still among 
the most wealthy people of Lancaster County, Pa. Jacob, the 
6th and last son of Heinrich, was born about the year 1724 
and died in 1772. He lived and died in Lampeter township, 
near to his brother Daniel. Like his brothers, he was a sur- 
veyor and farmer, and was an active and prominent man in all 
the affairs of the County and Province. He was elected a 
member of the Provincial Assembly in 17G5, and was re-elected 
every year until the time of his death. Thus for a period of 
seven years, he and his brother, Emanuel, were colleagues in the 
same body, which would seem to imply that the Carpenter 
family were greedy for office, or tliat their fellow citizens had 
great confidence in their ability and fitness for public service. 
Jacob, although not fifty years of age Avhen he died, had been 
married three times, and by his several wives loft ten children, 
one unborn at the time of his death. I make a few extracts from 
his will, which is quite a lengthy document: 



THE WILL OP JACOB CARPENTEE. 

"To each of his daughters he left 250 pounds, to the unborn 
child, if a girl, 250 pounds, but if a boy, 350 pounds," which I 
don't think was a fair deal. "To his wife, 300 pounds, a horse, 
saddle and bridle, two cows and all the furniture." His execu- 
tors to sell a farm of 150 acres in Bart township, also all his 
moveable property." "He gives his three sons his three plan- 
tations, subject to the legacies due the daughters." "His chil- 
dren being minors, he directed that his wife should have pos- 
session of the land for ten years, for the purpose of schooling 
the children, and "in case my wife is not satisfied with this 
will, the executors shall not pay the legacies to the two youngest 
daughters, nor to the unborn child. At the expiration of the ten 
years the land shall fall into the hands of my three sons, who 
shall jointly build a good and sufficient house for my said wife, 



44 GKy'EALoaiCAL yoTi:^ OF 

Magdaloua, on a oouvonient place where there is ^vatLn•; also a 
little stitble and a garden, poled in for her nse, and thev shall 
give her sutHeient of iirst and second crop hav. as shall maintain 
during the winter, one liorse and two coavs, and pasture for the 
same dtiring her natural life." After providing for his wife, 
ho founds a College and appoints a faeultv as follows: "Item. 
It is mv will that the school house at the end of the lane, shall 
remain as such for ten years, for the schooling of my children 
and the children of my neighbors. And it is my will tliat John 
Eastwood be the School Master during said term and to have 
the use of the said house and garden during the time, provided 
he does not disoblige my executors and his conduct is regtilar." 

Then he exercises benevolence as follows: Ittni. It is my will 
that Conrad House and his wife, Barbara, that are now servants 
to mo for the term of four years, shall serve but three years, on 
account of their good behavior, and I hereby constittite and 
appoint my beloved wife, Magdalcna, and my trusty friend. 
John Carpenter, and my brother-in-law, John Herr, executors 
of this my last will." 

And this Jacob, whom I take to have been a pretty good 
man, with rather too many wives, passed otY the stage. One of 
his sons, Jacob, became quite distingtiishcd. He was a lawyer, 
the tirst in the family, and was elected three times Treasurer of 
Pennsylvania, and in the year ISOO was appointed by Governor 
Thomas ^IcKean to office. He died in ISOo, in his thirty-sixth 
year. 

A\'e have now arrived at nearly the close of the tirst century of 
our family in America. ^Ve have disposed of three generations, 
and an impartial retrospect enables us to congratulate otirselves 
with the thought that our ancestors were very respect-able peo- 
ple. Old Heiurich was no ordinary man, and all his children 
averaged up well. I do not think it arrogant to say that old 
Enutnuel was the nu^st intluential man of his day in Laitcaster 
County, and until the day of his death he retained the conil- 
dence of all who knew him. If any one man "ran the Kevoln- 
tion" in that County he was the man, as will be shown in the 
following list, including himself and his connections, who figured 
in the coittest : 




l.iom.-rol. .1AI\11! rAKl'KXTEK, 



of the 

War of the Revolution. 

Commancier of the 5th Battalion of the 

Lancaster County Contingent. 

Born 1754: Died 1S23. 



THE CARPENTER FAMILY. 45 

Emanuel Carpenter, 73 years of age, on Committee of Public 
Safety. 

Jacob Carjiontcr, liis son, Captain in the Associators' Co. 

Emanuel Carpenter, liis son, private in -lolui Ivowbmd's Co. 

Lieutenant-Colonel Jacob Carpenter, commander Fifth Bat- 
talion, son of Christian, son of Gabriel. 

Adam Carpenter, private. 

Thomas Carpenter, private. 

John Carpenter, son of- Gabriel, first lieutenant. 

Daniel Carpenter, captain, son of Daniel. 

John Carpenter, private, son of Daniel. 

Benjamin Carpenter, private, son of Daniel. 

Colonel Adam Eeigert, son-in-law of old Emanuel. 

Colonel Thomas Edwards, son-in-law of Henry Carpenter. 

Colonel Curtis Grubb, son-in-law of Daniel Carpenter. 

George Line, private, son-in-law of Gabriel Carpenter. 

Captain Joseph Scherer, brother-in-law of Lieutenant John 
Carpenter. 

Michael Kreider, Commissary and Frontiersman, son-in-law 
of Daniel Carpenter. 

Israel Kreider, son of Michael, grandson of Daniel, Frontiers- 
man. 

This is a list of which we may be justified in feeling proud. 
There are three or more, other Carpenters on the Eevolutionary 
rolls, but I do not think they belonged to our family. In my 
next letter I will follow our branch of the family into the 
"Northwestern Territory" and down to the time of those now 
living. 



CHAPTER 111. 

MIGRATION TO OHIO. 

Chicago, 111., April 20, 1897. 
In my last letter I l)roualit the family history clown to near 
the end of the eighteenth ecntnry. The Carpenters were a 
fruitful raee, and the descendants of Ileinrich now run up to 
the hundreds. The large body of land owned by him, when 
divided among the nuuierous progeny, dwindled into small 
tracts. It was time for the hive to send out swarms, and even 
previous to this, several members of tlu> family had drifted into 
adjoining counties, while some had gone with the Kreiders as 
far west as Huntingdon County, on tlu> u]i]icr waters of the 
Juniata. In 1T98 Emannel Carpenter, the younger son of 
Emanuel, was 54 years of age. So far as standing and inllu- 
ence counted, he was the head of the family, as he had been 
for nuiny years a member of the State Assembly, and upon the 
death of his father had succeeded him as Presiding Justice of 
the Coui't of Connuon Pleas. He lived at the place I have 
described on the Conestoga, eight miles from Lancaster. Among 
his neighbors he was considered wealthy, for he had a large 
farm, and with his cousin John, owned a saw and grist mill, but 
had nine children, iive girls and four boys. He realized that if 
his property wt>re divided among so many the ]iortion of each 
woidd be small. He was a man of great intelligence and kept 
abreast of the times. Under the Ordinance, of 1787, Virginia 
had ceded to the newly constituted United Static, all that rich 
region known as the '"'Northwestern Territory.'' comprising the 
present states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and "Wiscon- 
sin. Wayne in his vigorous campaign had subdued the Indians, 
and settlements were being made along the northern bank of 
the Ohio river, while the minds of many enterprising men were 
tnrned towards the new land of promise. Emanuel had made 
the acquaintance of Colonel Ebenezer Zane, who was a very 
noted character in his day, and had passed all his life on the 
frontier, engaging in land speculations and in trading and 
fiffhtinsr with the Indians. He lived at Wheeling, which he 



THE CARPENTER FAMILY. 47 

had founded in 17T0. He told Emanuel all about the advan- 
tages of the new country, and particularly that he was about to 
open a road from his town of Wheeling, through the interior 
to Limestone, now Maysville, on the Ohio river. This was in^ 
1796. The next year, 1797, he cut a bridle-path between the 
two points, which crossed the Muskingum river at what is now 
Zanesville, the Hocking at Lancaster, and the Scioto at Chilli- 
cothe. Emanuel probably had the emigration idea in his head 
for several years, but it had not fully crystaiized until his talks 
with Zane, and now that the lands were to be brought into mar- 
ket he thought that the time for action had arrived. 
Michael Kreider had already located near Chillicothe, on 
the banks of the Scioto, and doubtless sent back favor- 
able reports of that fertile region. Of his nine chil- 
dren Samuel, the eldest, was married and settled. Four 
of his five daughters were also married. Mary, the eldest, 
to Christian Carpenter, a son of his cousin Christian, the son 
of Gabriel; Elizabeth to John Carpenter, Susannah to David 
Carpenter, and Nancy to William Carpenter. These last three 
Carpenters were the sons of John, the son of Gabriel. John 
Carpenter, the cousin of Emiinuel, the son of Gabriel and the 
father of Emanuel's sons-in-law, was then 63 years of age. He 
had four sons and one daughter. The oldest son was Samuel, 
unmarried; the other three I have named above, and the daugh- 
ter named Mary had just been married to one Jacob Merkel. 
John did not take kindly to tlie emigration idea ; ho thought 
that he was too old, and that at his age it would not pay to 
abandon all the associations of his life, but all his sons were of 
a different opinion and were in favor of the move. Samuel, 
the oldest and most energetic, was, like so many others of the 
family, a surveyor, and in the new country saw a wide field 
for business in that line. He so far prevailed with his father 
as to gain a conditional consent. It was agreed that a portion of 
the family should make an experimental trip, and if their report 
was favorable then he would seriously take the matter into con- 
sideration. 

Accordingly, in the early spring of 1798, tlie expedition 
set out. It consisted of Enuinuel, Samuel, and William 
and his wife, just married. The outfit embraced a four-horse 
wagon, four extra horses, and a small lierd of eattU^. with two 



4s ai<:M']ATjoaicAij j\u>Th:t^ of 

hired uu'ii. 'riuM'c were (Iumi I wo ov tlirr(> scpurnic roads lend- 
ing- (o llie Oliio rivtM'. Tliev look (ln> "l*'orl)(>s" reiul. wliicli, iiflcr 
ci'ossiii!^' Ilie SiiS(|iU'liniiiiii, lollowcd up llic Jiiniala i-ivcr (o 
Bedford, tlieiiee lo IJedslone, now l>ro\vnsville, on the Mono- 
gahcln, and lhene(> hv a iiew(M' I'oad (o W'heelinu'. 'VUvy only 
made ten or iwelve miles a day. and wove thr(>e weeks in I'eaeh- 
in;;' W'luH'lin^!,'. When Hia( poiiil was reached (hey I'onnd il; 
would ho inipossihle lo (ake llu^ wa;;(iii any I'ai'ther. The road 
eul. hy Zane the preet'diiii;' year was simply a hlazcnl paili 
throii_<;h lh(> fores! . They wer(> [U'ohahly aware of (his, and had 
prefiared (hnnselves widi paek saddles, and hv ihal means trans- 
poiied all llieir (UidK of supplies upon (hcii- horses. They had 
a (enl, and (heir wagon eover made anodier sheKer. In (he 
provision line (hey carried (lour, eod'ee, sugar and sail ; (hey 
had a full ou(li( of ear|ien(i'r"s tools and sonu' axes, saws, 
augurs, plow irons and hoes, and Samuel had his surveying 
insl lainuMds. 

.\liou( (lu^ (lrs( of duin' (hey set old upon tlu> path. 
1 ean imagine (hem ei'i'eping akuig i(s di'\ ions windings, 
Samuel in froid, forming (he ad\anee guard, (hen old I'inuuuud 
on h(U-sehack, who naturally ke|)( ne\( to Samuel, in order to 
gi\(' ad\iee when dilliiMdl [>laees wtM'e r(\'U'hed. 

Then Naney jiei'ilu'd on (op o\' hiankets, witli fry- 
ing pans ami (in eups garnishing (he sides of her 
horse; (hen William, leading iUc fortanosl hors(> of (he 
]iaek (rain, and lasdy (he eattle with (he driveis hringing up 
(lu> rear. When nighf eame (hey pitched theii- t(>n(, spread 
(heir wagon e(iver. hohhied (heir horses, helled their eattle, and 
NancN' opened up liei' res(aui-ant, wl)ei'(> she serveil game-meals, 
hotli night and moi'ning. TIumh* werc^ no hridgt^s, so all the 
streams had lo he forded. They met wi(h no disasler other 
(han the nuring of a paik animal now and IIumi. At (he eross- 
ing of the Muskingum, where /aui>svilli> now is, they found the 
first I'ahin, and a fei'ry over the river, dohn i\lelntirt\ a S(n\-in- 
law of I']hene/.er Zane, li\t'd in the I'ahin and kept the ferry. 
lliM'e (hev nu>t '/ane. who had heen travt>ling over his Irai'e (o 
siH> if it eanu' u|) to wha( his eonlraet had s(ipula(ed. .\s pay- 
le.eid for opening iho road, lu^ was (o riH'eive (hreo sections of 
hmd, ouc a( (lu> I'rossing o\' (he Muskingum, one at the crossing 
of (he lloeking, and one at I he crossing of (he Scioto. Our 



'/'///■; (M /.'/•/•; .w'/;/; rwMii.y 



49 



p;ir(v were in doiiM whcllicr to stMllc ()ii Hie M iiskiiijMiin, oi- u'o 
t'lirllu'f west. Tlu'v wniilct! m mill scat, aiul Mcliilii'c had nl- 
r(\'ul_v siH'iircd llic one on llic Muskingum. Zaiic told tlnMii 
aluuil llio lloi'kiiti;' I'ivcr and assui'od lliom cxcidlciit land, vahi- 
iihlo iindtiT. and iX^'^Oil s|U'ini;'s. 

At'lof a l\'\\ days' its! (Iu'v a^aiii sot out, and 
on llio lliii'd (lav roaoliod iiio llookin;;-. 'IMio oidy 
scniblaiu'(> o\' oiviii/.alion lltoro was a rnd(> cahin, a I'ow liiindrod 
yards whnI o( llu' orin^k, ooou[>iod h\ (*a|ilain ,los('|ili Ihmlor, 
n Ivoiiliiokian. Tlio onju'I silo of tlu' cabin was near wlioro llio 
**I\litliolV Mansion" now slauils. Thov })il('lu'd (lioir lent near 
tiio oaltin and [n'oparod (o (>\[iloro tho oountrv. Tlio land had 
Ihon boon sootioni/.od and wiis I'di* saU', but. nolhini;' loss Ihaii 
a scH'lion could be boiighl, and Ihi' [iricc was $.'J |)cr acr(>. Sanwicl 
^•ol out bis compass and chain, and tradition says that, as a \)vv- 
liminar\- he climbed ihe hi!;hesl I I'co on the hi^■hesi hill, and 
took a look at the count I'v. 'riiey W(M'(> lii'st on Ihe ground, and 
tbciHd'ort" had the choice, '/ane had selciled Ihe section at tlu' 
crossint;" ; so thc\ seleclcil four sections s(Milh ol" tlu' Zane sec- 
tion, enibracinj;" a Icrritoi'v t\vo miles sijuare. This secured th'.» 
llockin;;' i'i\(M' \'ov two miles, and also the mouths id' " I'.aldw in"s 
IJun," which came in frtun Ihe WCst. \ owv mother will I'cmem 
bei" that all oui' old homesteads wei'o upon this ti'act o\' land. 
As soon as they had sui-\('yed and bla/.ed Ihe lines, i'lmanuel 
made a trip to ('hillicothe, w hei'o Ihe land otlice was located, 
and tiled tlu> necessary pa|»ers to st'i'ure Ihe claim. 'They chos(> 
locations for their iinprovemiMits. Mnianuel selected a s|)ot on 
(he branch which the\ named "('arpentei'"s b'lin," about one niil(> 
SOuthwi>s|. of the crossing;' o\' the llockin;;. Here within a few 
weeks Ihey built n double cabin of round li\;;s, with clapboard 
rotd' aiul puiU'h(>on tbxu's, into which lh(>\ mo\ed and mad(> 
themselvt'S comrortable. No inui was used abcuit the structure. 
Tho material was all cut from tlu* surroumliuiif I'orcsl. nud<in,u' a 
small clcarini;- in which lhe\ planted \(\!^'etahles ; it was loo late 
in (he season to plaid ciu'u. Their cattle and hoi'ses found 
nbuiulant i;'rass in (he nei>;hboi-inj;" creek bottoms, 'i'hen they 
Tuade pi'cpa rat ions I'cu' buihliu^' a more pei'uianeid house, which 
was completed in the next few nuudhs. I>uilt id' hewed loi;s, it, 
was ab(ud Iweuty foui- feet sipiai'c and two stoi'ics hi>;li ; Ihey 
had briumbl some nails with them. This was the lirsl housi^ 



no 



<INM'!M,(KII<'Ah Xori'JS OF 



will) ;i sliiii;.;li' nidf wcslol' W liccl i ii;;. 'I'lic llooi's, however, wi'iT 
liiiidc (if spill ;iii(l licwi'd |iiiii(lii(iiis, ;iii(l llir (I(miis oI' split ('l;i|»- 
hojii'ds. 'riii'3' used oiled |Ki|M'r iiislend of <;l;iss I'm llie wiiidovVB. 
This Imiise is slill sljiiidiii;^, ;iiid ydiir iiidlher will iciiieiiiher it 
iis l)eiii!;' on llie ('Ic'ii' (!reek l'o;id, ;ihoiil 100 yni'ds wi'sl of whei'C 
llie ro;id Inn iirlies oil' lendiii:'; lo llie iieronii School. II is now 
coiieenled liy ;i line modern I'liinie house shindin;'; in IVonl (d' il, 
owned :ind oeeii|iied h\' ;i colored ni;iii. I'lninniiel chose I he spol, 
heciiiise of ;i i^dod spring', mid I'oi' Ihe I'lii'lliei- re;ison lh:il il Wll8 
JU'Jir II niillsile, where he siihseipicnl I y hiiill ;i iiiill. Williniii 
chose il loc;ilioii on Ihe llockinv,, iihoiil ;i mile ;ind ;i linU' Iroiii 
llie erossiiit;' of Ihe "I race," where I here was also a. spring;" and ii 
iniil-sile, and lalcr in Ihe season lniill a hewed lo;;- Iwoslory 
lioiisc, similar lo Ihe one hnill for I'ananiiel, which \()iir niolher 
will remeniher as the old "i*aiin\haker Mouse," lliai slood in 
Iroiil of Ihe hriek house hiiill hy rannyhaker Ihirly yearn hilcr. 
r.\ Ihe fall (d' Ihe \ca r, lliey had cleared several aei'cs ol'^'roiind, 
which in dill' season lliey sowi'd willi fall wheal, l>roii!;hl, on 
jiaek horses over Ihe I race from Keidiicky, eosliii^;' .$;!.0l> per 
bushel. I'doiir and sail were hroir'dil in Ihe same way. Sail, 
was worlli $"i.00 per ImisIicI, lion r was '$H. 00 per 100 pound;., coll'e(^ 
^l.r^O per pound, and sii^ar '.Ti cenis per pound. Al'ler Ihe lii'st 
yaw all Ihe siii^ar was made from maple sap. As already staled, 
Ihe ("arpeiilei's were Ihe llrsi lo come on Ihe :',roiind, and Ihey 
look up Ihe land iiniiK <lial('ly adjoining' Ihe Zaiie seelion. 'I'licy 
were soon I'oIIowcnI |)\ ihe Slielleiiher)';er's, who look up Iwn see- 
lions, adjoining'; Ihe ( 'ai'peiiler,;, on Ihe soiilli. Then came llu? 
l{,(>ani family, who loo!^ up four or live seclioiis soiilli of Ihe, 
Shellenhervers. Tail id' Ihe li'eani l'ainil\ came over Zaiie's 
I race, while Ihe halaiicc piil Iheir heavy !',oods on small llal. 
hoals al. W'heelin;;', lloaled down Ihe ()hio lo Ihe moiilh of Ihe 
llockin;';, and Ihen poled up Ihal sireani lo Ihe moiilh (d' iviisli 
('reek, wlieie Sii:',ar (Jro\e now slands. II reipmed Icn days 
lo Iravel from Ihe iiMnilh of Ihe JloclNin;'; |o liiish ('reek. Ite- 
sides lliese families wdio sellled on Ihe llockinv;, (Ifleeii or 
lweiil\ oilier families came in and sellled wesi on (dear ('I'eek. 
Almost all Ihese selllers were from Ijaneasler ('oiinly, I'a. Art 
Ihey came loo lale lo pill in crops, Ihey devoled Iheir lime Ihal 
KCJison, lo inakiir!!; eleariii;j,s, and huildiiiL;; cahiiis. These slriic- 
iures were (d' Ihe riidesl ehai'acler, inaii\ willioiil lloois, ami 



77/a; caici'I'IN'I'ni! /''.'t/i///,r. 



51 



iKiiic u'illi I'.hizcd w iiiilows. Willi :i\cM, l)riijul axes jiikI auburn, 
(lie liiiildiii;; (if a. Iioiisc WMS Willi lliriii a slioil jnlt. 'I'lic woodn 
Wi-vr. I'lill (if ;;aiii(', while lln' Jlockiii;;- riiciiislH'd llsli liy llu; 
liofsc load, so Saiiiiicl wrolc Ins lallHT, "some as Ion;; as your 
iinii," wliicli sounds a lilllc "lisliy." 'I'Ih' carcass of a deer 
could l)c l)oii^;lil, for a dollaf, and a. wild liiikcy for I ;j /■-■. cciiIh; 
HO I. lull, vvilli llic Hour, sail, colVcc! and sii;;ar llicy lirou<^iil wiUi 
llicni, llii'v fared siiiii|il iiously every day. Old Mmaniiel doiilil' 
IcHH IukI IIk! c\aiii|)le of his ^^raiidraUier in mind, and |M()|)ose(l 
(,() cnacl. I.hc same role which llciiiricli had done on llie ( !oiicH- 
lo^^a. 100 years hel'orc. 'I'hey had secured I he rour s.eclioim 
ndjoiiiin;;' IJie Zaiie secliiui, and he was hiisy Ihe whole hciisoii 
e\|)loriii^'; Ihe c(uiii(ry lor olher eli^^ihle lands. Saiuucl assislxMl 
him in lliis so la r as he could, hiil, much of his lime was occu- 
pied in surveying' Idr IIk; iksw sclUcrs, iis Ihcy came in, luil, dur- 
ing" IJie Hummer lliey Hclcclcd lliree seel ions near ('lear (!reek, 
and one u|i ihe llockiii<;'. William had |iul in hi:: lime liuildin<r 
(he lioiiHCH illid ch'ariii^" l.lic land, and Nancy had her liamls full 
in cooking' for Ihe ;<aii}^'H (d' men ahoiil, her. There were no 
"hired fi,irlH," and I HilHpecl, slii' did more v\<u'k in a day Ihaii her 
(lcH(;('ndaiils do in a week. Ah ycl llicrc were very few woiiicii 
ill Ihe counlr\. 'The Sliel leiihcrj'crH w<'re yoiiii;', unmarried 
men; Ihe L'caiiis had l)r(m;';lil llii'ir ramilies, hiil Iliey were Ilirc(> 
or four miles away, and I conclude I lial Niinc.y and M rn. Iliinier 
duriii;; lliai siiiiimer and vviiii.er of I'lI'H made up an ariHlocriilic 
Bociciy all lo IJieinsclvcH. 

hale in Ihe fall I'liiianiiel, uioiiiiliii;', one Ihu'sc ;iiid 
Icadiii;;- aiiollier, sel oiil i'or Laiiea:.|er ('oiiiily. Al, 

VVheeliii;.'; he hijched his horses lo Ihe wa;';oii hd'l. Iliere, and 
in due lime ri'achcd his Ihuiic. ^dll may iiiia;',iiie how he ex- 
ploited Ihe new coiinlry lo liis yalherin^- kinsmen and iiei;;ii- 
hors. (Jre;d e\<'ilciiicii(. look possession of Ihese slow and sliirdy 
((crnians, and iiolhin;' luil Ihe " Noil hwcrlerii 'Tcrrilory" waH 
talked of diiiin;' (he wilder. ()ld John ('arpeiiler, however, 
was slill liljed Willi doiihl ; I he farm <iii Ihe (!oueHlo;j;a Heeincd 
lo him a very ;'iiod place; Ihere he had old friends and croiiics; 
from his vines he had made wine, and a coiivi'iiicnl slill lioiisi; 
riirniHJied a. Hlron;_';er hevcrnn'c, unlike Ihe adiilleialed whiskey 
of today, .loliii considi'red all Ilii'Se lliin;';s, and would iiol slir 
wilhoiit fiirllier evidence. Mis s<m, John, however, was mor(! 



52 ah:\'FjALO(UVAL NOTES OF 

aiiionabk', and was won oNcr l»y r^uiaiiucrs ('Nxiuciicc and ox- 
airiplo. So wlicu s])rini;- caiiK^ they loaded all llicir lioiisdiold 
goods in several wagons, gathered their lloeks and lierds, and 
made up a r(\gular earavan. Not only tlu\v, but dozens of their 
Iricnds and neighhoi-s di<l ihe same. The great road heading 
to the Ohio, was I'airly lined willi ttvams and slock, and made 
cheerl'nl by the voiees of many women and children. 'Phey 
traveled slowly, eamping by night near a slr(\'im or spring, 
wluM'e iheir camp-fires lighted the snrronnding fon^st, and where 
tliey enjoyed all the social pleasnres of a moving village. By 
iho time I hey reached Wheeling, where the previous year the 
wagons had stopped, Zane had bestirred himself and had 
his "trace" made passable for wheeled vehicles, but il was a 
difficult road, and (hey consumed more liin(> from Wheeling to 
the Hocking, ihan it had taken from Tiancast(>r to Wheeling, 
thongh only about half the distance. At length (hey arrived, 
and I leave yon to imagine (he niee(ing between Nancy and 
her mother and sisler, afti r moi'e (ban a y(>ar spent in that wild- 
erness, almost without any woman friend. Mi^antinic Samuel 
and William had not been idle. They had during the winter 
cleared seviTal acres of land, and now liad it plaiiled in corn. 
The new arrivals had bronght Avi(h them many things neces- 
sary for their comfort. ^Phey had a full outfit of pewter plat- 
ters, plates and spoons, and molds in which to cast new ones. 
They also bronght s])inning wheels and the looms, so that with 
the growing flax and their flocks of sheep they need not sntfer 
for clothes. 

There was by this tim(> a mill at niillico(h(\ the jiroperty of 
Michael Kreider, their relative, oidy thirty-six miles away, so 
that the flour question was in a measure settled, bnt coffee and 
salt were still very costly. During the spring they made enough 
maple sugar for home consumption. Emanuel's house was all 
ready, and he and his wife, his daughter Sarah and his sons, 
Einanuel, John and Sebastian, took possession. Sarah was a 
blooming young lady; l<]manuel was about seventeen, and the 
other boys younger. John with his wife and children moved in 
with William and Nancy, where Samuel also made his home. 
There was plenty of work to be done, and "woodchoppings and 
raisings" made society lively and exciting. They were all 
young, with (he exception of Emanuel and his Avife, who were 



77//'; CAh'PKNTMIi FAMILY. r)3 

only just |);isL (heir priiiic I<]ver_yiliiiig" was new and itiicrcst- 
iiig, and discornrorl. did not cut much o\' a n<;ui'('. IF tlu-y could 
como back and look ov(!f the country today tlioy would scarcely 
recognize it. In thoiv day the view was very circumscribed 
because of the dense forest which covered the whole country. 
Now from the front door of the house in which your mother 
was born the eye, sweeping for miles down the valley (if the 
Hocking, dotted by beautiful farms, interspersed with magni- 
ficent groves of timber, and made cheerful by numerous com- 
fortable farm houses, looks upon a rural panorama unsurpassed 
in beauty, by any other in all the surrounding region. Now the 
roads are delightful; but in their day they went from one settle- 
ment to another along blazed ])aths, in which to move a wagon 
was almost impossible. Tlie (irst-bottom of Ihe Hocking was 
a continuous swamp, where horses and cattle were easily mir(;d, 
and the grass grew as high as a horse's back. The stream flow- 
ing with a sluggish current was obstructed by logs and drift- 
wood. l*\)r many years no attempt was made to cultivate Ihe 
bottoms, but they furnished ample grazing range for the stock. 
All the clearings were made uf)on the second bottoms and hill- 
sides not subject to overflow. Now the boltoms are all culti- 
vated and are the choice lands of the farms, while in summer 
the stream is but a small rivulet;. John selected for a home a 
spot near J^^manuel's house, where there was a big spi-ing. Dur- 
ing the year he built a cabin, cleared some land, moved his 
family in the fall, and Samuel took up his abode with him. 
Thus the winter of 1791) found three (larpenler families fairly 
established. J^]manuel was then the oldest, and by far the most 
important man in the settlement. He held more land than 
any one else, and the Carpenter liouses were the oidy two-story 
hewed-log structures in the country. There were no buildings 
where Lancaster now stands ; there were a few wigwams near the 
creek, where the present "Bern Road" crosses the I'aili'oad track. 
There had once been a large Indian village, but at that date 
only a few straggling Indians remained. They had C(,'ded their 
land and moved to the Sandusky river. The county was not 
organized and Ihe town was not laid out, and there were not 
10,000 people in all Ihe ierritory which now forms the state 
of Ohio. 

Fairfield County, as now formed, was a part of Washington 



54 GENEALOGICAL NOTI'JS OF 

County, of whicli Miirietta was tlio county scat. Arthur St. 
Clair, an old Kcvolutionary general, was and had been for sev- 
eral years, Governor of the Territory. A dcncval Assoiuhly, 
elected by the people, met in Cincinnati in 1799-1800, and on 
January 9, 1800, Fairfield County was organized. It embraced 
about four times as much territory as it now does. At that 
session Emanuel was appointed the Presiding Judge of the 
Court of Common I'leas, and Samuel was commissioned a Jus- 
tice of the Peace. The county was sub-divided into townships. 
Samuel named Bern township after the Canton of Bern, in 
Switzerland. 'I'licy wei'c the (lrs( judicial o(ric(M's in tiie county. 
Samuel Carpenter was then forty years of age; a large, fine- 
looking num of dark hair and complexion. lie had never mar- 
ried, for what reason 1 cannot learn. Certainly it was not be- 
cause he had a prejudice against women, for tradition hands 
him down as a man ])artial to good clothes, fine horses and 
higli living. Prol)al)ly lie had been disa|)|)oiid('d in love back 
in Pennsylvania, and when he came to the new country women 
Avcrc too scarce for him to solace himself in a new venture. He 
ranked in pi'ominencc next to i^'inanuel, ami b(>tw(>en the two 
they did pretty much all the surveying and olficial business of 
the county. Samuel had taken the iirst choice of the lands, and 
one need only to see those to find his reason for the selection. 
On a hill overlooking the whole country was a line spring, 
nature could do no nioic to render the place beautiful and at- 
tractive. 

During the year 1800 lie made a clearing and built a cabin 
near the spring, where the house now stands, in which your 
mother was boi'u. Croat numbers of settlers cam(> in, and Zane 
laid out "New Lancaster," so named at- the re(iuesl of hhnanuel, 
in honor of Lancaster, Pa. The townsite was a dense forest, 
and where the ])rincipal buildings now stand on Main street, 
there was a swamp lilled with watei' most of the year. A few 
streets were laid out, cabins built, a store was started, and 
mechanics of various kinds canu; and settled, finding ])lenty of 
work. More laiul was cleared in the settlements and sufficient 
corn and wheat was raised for home consumption. Our people 
were actively em])loyed, whil(> l^^numuel and Samuel put in a 
good d(>al of tinu' surveying and taking levels along the Hock- 
ing and Carj)eidei-'s l»un, to detcn'mine the sites for the mills 




DAVID CAKI'KN'IMOK, 



Father of Gabriel Carpenter, 
Grand-father, of Dr. Seymour D. Carpenter. 
Lancaster Co., Pa. Born 1768, 
Died 1848. Lancaster. Ohio. 



77/K (M/;/'/'\ 77'/; I' AMILY. Rf) 

which lh('\ iiilciidcil (u hiiiM. The lirsl silt> sch'i'lcd wns llic 
(MIC on (he I Idckiii;';, whi'ic llir |>r('scnl "heed's Mdl' now 
sltinds. The olhei' was on (^ii|ieidei's K'lin, iienr I'lmniiiuTs 
house. l>olh these sirenms iii I hose d;i\s had |ih'nl\ id' waler 
nil Ihe \('ai- nioiind. Al hodi sdes, in order (o ;•;('! Ihe neees- 
sai'\' fall, head faces of ahoid I hrei> (lunrlers (d' a mile had lo ht^ 
made. Thai iit\(d\i'd a j^ood deal id' ("\pense. Lahor was \ery 
Si'iircc, hei'inise |iie((\ iiiiich evei\ man was a land owner and 
WtlH Wdi-kin;'; for hiinself. Mow ever, I hey succeeded in i-eltiii!'' 
the ;',round cleared, where (he head race ahui:' (he llockin;', was 
lo he ^\\\r:, and hej-an (he woi-k. nurin;'; (his vear (hey also 
sot out. si'veral (irchards and \inevards, and I'riun IcKers (d' dial 
dnic I leai'ii (ha( "(hev j'.rew ama'/in!;Iy." The slock lived on 
Ihe nalural _i;'rMss of Ihe hoKoins, suniiner and wilder, and lh(> 
Ii0!';s iiiulli|died and ;;rew I'al on Ihe mils id' (he woods. Cral) 
M[i|)l(>s, plums and «;i-a|»es were also ahiindanl. 

In (he (all o{ ISOO Samuel Cariteider relumed (o Ijaiicasler 
Counh, lo make a dual ciVoid (o induce his I'alher lo remove 
wilh him (o Ohio. 1 1 is hndher l>aviil, mv !',raud fal her, was very 
iin\ious (o join his hrolhers in (he new conn(i'\, hid did no( 
(hink it ri!;h( (o leave his I'adier and mollier ahme. Samuel 
WHS [XTsisliMil in his elVorls, luil John was !';really al (ached (o 
Ins old Mssociaiions. .Vnuui;'; his actiuaiidances was one (\a|)laiii 
tlohn K'owland, a niillw ri;di( , a hiacksmilh, ami a sorl id" a jack 
of nil trndes. Me and old doliii had served lojM'lhcr in (h(> 
War iif (he IJcvolulion, had escaped (oi',e(her Crom (he disaslrous 
lighk on lion;;' Island, and had heen liviii;' in (he same neivji 
borliood siiu'c Ihe war. (*aplain IJowland was a hachelor and 
rre(liienl Iv, when oiil i^\' johs, made his home wi( h John. Samuel 
Inid si(\!;'e lo (he cap(aiii, ((dd him all ahmd (he coidcmplaled 
mills Mild the !;real chances (lial a man of his capacilv would 
(imi in Ihe new counlrv, and linallv coiivcrled him. Then John 
!)t\t;an lo weaken, and when Ihe eaplain explained llial as sium 
as (he mills were c(Mnple(eil (hev could jM'ind jM'aiii, and luiild a 
nlill luuise, and Samuel assiUHMl him llial lhi> wild j.;'rapes made 
cxrellenl wine; llial Ihe vineviirds would he Ix^arint;" in a vear 
or (wo. The old man vielded, and ai'.rced lo sell his farm ;tiiil 
^o wilh lluMu. Mi> was llien si\(v live yeiirs of ii«;'e, and I do 
tint', wonder al his liesi(a(ion. in (he spriiDi; of ISOl Samutd, 
(^iplain K'owland, and a :',iea( numher ol' people from Ihe iiciidi- 



R() ai'JNKMAXUCM. .\()7'/.\s' O/' 

lu)iiu>inl. siM oiii (ov llu> now TfrriUM-v. ,li>hi\ aiul his son Paviil 
lu\>;'an (lu'ii- itrcparalinns io \\\o\c tlio lU'M u-ar, for {\\c I'atin 
luul to he sold ami all biKsinoss oIosihI, rrquiriu;;- ilir whoK- voai' 
\o ;;('( rt'ailv. Saimn^l t'ouutl Iho iu>\v oountr\ Innuiiiii;;-. Tho 
road I'l-oiu \\ liooliii;;- wost was iTowdod with toams. aiul had 
boon jii'iMllv iiu|M'o\i'd. 'Tho |io[uilat ion in tlu- lorritorv nrai'lv 
iloiihlod in Iho voar ISlM. 

Solllors Kuatod (IumiisoUos on noarh all (lio w aliM' cinii'sos of 
tho I'onntrv; roads wcrt* ml iiMintH'tin;;' the' soitloinonls ; as \H>t 
lluMi> woro no hrid;;'os Iniill. lui( thtM-i^ woro I'orrios ovor tl\i^ 
Mnskin;;nni and (ho SoioU>. TraNi'lin;; was i>\rliisi\ rl v on hiu'si*- 
haok, and tlu> paok horso slill did a _;;roa( dial o\' dntv. A small 
mill was Iniill at the "l''alls id' (ho IKukinj;-," oii^iu milos ahovo 
Lani'MsitM-. ihal wiMild «;rind, l>ii( did no( bolt, tbo moal. 'Vho 
("'ariK'nloi' I'amily [nil m I ho voai- iloarin^' land and makini:; 
pn^paratituis lor thoir mills, nndor (ho dirootion of Captain 
IJowbuul. Thoso wiM'o looatt\l w1um-(> tho (M'osont roatl winds 
artMiml tho iMul o\' tho hill, jiisl sonlh o\' 1 .anoastor. lloro lbi> 
iTcvk skirtotl a t'lilV iif s;ind stoiu>. noar iMio\i;;h to bo oan-iod 
in whoolbarrows jutoss tho on>ok to form (bo dam. John, in 
antioipatiiMi o( tho oolnln^^■ o( his I'aihoi- and mothor. onlai\;;vd 
bis oabin by tlu> adtlition oi' a lar;;\> room, and Sanuiol and 
\\'illian\ ori\'tod a rt\i!,'nlalion two-stoi'\ bowi'd-U\!;' honso ni>ar 
tht> mill sito for ha\id and his familv. In (hat bonso Pavid 
liv(>d for soviM'al voais. and it was still standini;- up to IS'UK 
l-ato in tho fall. Sainuol and (\ip(ain Ixowland. rodiniod to 
i.ano.'istor Count v. in ordtM' (o assis( in tlu> ri-moval o( tbo last 
dotai'bmont o\' tbo familv. and io st ron;:.lhon and otutsolo Jobn 
in his oll'orts to ti>ai' hims(>lf awav from bis old haunts. Pui'inj;" 
tlii> voar tho ("arm had Ihmmi sold. io_;':i'tbor witl\ all porsonal prop- 
(M'ty that I'ould woi Ih> uu>\od. 

Tho wintor was [lassod in makin;;' [u'l^parations. 
\\ i(h (wo four-luu'so wagons loadod wi(h housobi^ld 
i;Oi>ds. ("our yoki* o\' o\c\\ baidin;;' a boavy wa;;ou 
wbioh oarriod dohn and his wil"(\ and tbroo t'bitdriMU tlu> jouruoy 
was bo!>'uu. Thon (Iumi* wiM'o ridin;;" borsos fiU' Sauuiol, IX-ivid 
and (\iptain K'owland, and b(>rds of oattlo, sboop and boj^s, 
with ilioir ili'i\ors. 1( was a \oritablo l\ira\an. whiob ivnonnl 
fully a iinartof of ;i milo on i\\c voixA. On tbo loth id' May, 
lS(i\\ ihoy took up thoir lino o( marob. All tbo lolativos and 



77//.' CAh'ri:\Ti:ix' r.wiii.Y. 



57 



lUMi^iibors ualhiM'inl to bid ihoin >;'ooil-b}0. Toars wort' shotl at 
llti^ last haiul sliakiuu' ; John took a loiiu'. linuoriui;' Ic^ok ov(M' 
iho [ilaro whoro ho had boon born and livod all his ilavt*. I sus- 
]H\'t that with iho womon-kiiul, ho raisod u}> his voioo and wopt. 
Manv hoahh drink in^s had niado him woak in his knoos. ai\d 
tlnallv, to lofininato tho [taint'ul soono, a oou[>lo o{' stalwart 
iioighbors lil'toil him bodily iulo tho staj^o. whilo tho prooos- 
sion starlod on its wav. 'IMio niarohos did not oxoood ton or 
twi'lvo niilos a ilav. and all wont woll until tho "viu'il oi Mav. 
whon ihov had noarlv roaohod Hodloril. on tho duniala. Thox 
had oanipod t'or tho ni_>;ht whon riraiulnioihor I'li/aboth, wil'o 
ol" old .lohn, had a paralvtio stroko. That ovont on^atod uroat 
I'onstornalion in tho I'aravan. IKm- son Pavid blod hor, and all 
tho rost did what thov could I'or hor. 8ho was hot tor on tho 
lollowinii' morning, and iluy nio\od on to K'obort Snuth's tavorn,. 
vhoro thoy I'ound good aooiMunuHlalicuis and woro among t'rionds. 
Robort- Smith was a binithor oi' old Kniauiiors wil'o. (.\aiWain 
Ki'iw huul was S(MU [o Innlt'ord I'or a phvsioian. who oould not 
oonio. bui son( moilioinos and dirootions. "Sho was." so tho 
dirootions ran. •"lirst lo bo sort oi' [nirboilod in a ho;;shoad of 
hot waior. thon livo IWisiors woro to bo jnit on \arious parts oi' 
hor body ; ovory hour sho was to tako a wino glass full oi' wino, 
ovory hour a.iul a half tiftoon drofis of popporminl. half a ton- 
spoonful o{ ground musiaril twioo a day. and ovory now and tluMi 
somo horse radish." 'Tho pationi old woman submittod to hor 
formontations in all iliings oxoopi iho horso radish, whioh sho 
rojoi'tod. and in spilo oi' all ihoy diil sho slowly rooovorod and 
livod thirtoon yoars longor, showing that sho had a vigorous 
oonstitution. Tho Caravan oould not stop, so it was dooidod 
that Sanniol should romain with his moihor. and whon tho 
othors roaohod thoir ilostination. tho siago should bo sout baok ftu* 
thom. Old ,lohn vvanfod to romain vvitli his wil'o instoad of 
Saniuol. but this tho oihors woidd not allow, foaring porhaps 
that lio might dosort and roturn to his old homo. .Vftor this 
mishap thoy had no furtlior troiddo. and within a I'ow wooks 
joined tluMr friiMuls on tho Hooking, whoro thoro was groat 
rojoioing in tho Oarpontor olan, minglod with anxioiv for tho 
siok mothor \oi'{ bohind. Tho stago was soul baok. and in alnnit 
ihvoo wooks roturnod. bringing Samuol and his mothor. tho lat- 
tor fully rostorod to hor usual lu\ilth. This was in dulv. ISOO, 



58 OEXEALOCrlCAL MOl'ES OF 

when finally the whole eolony were settled in their new l\on\e. 
Old John and It is wit'e moved into the quarters prepared for 
them by John, and I'^avid and his family oeeupied the new 
house by the mill-site. 

The intmigration during 180'J exeeeded that of the 
preeeding year, and the settlement was daily excited 
by fresh arrivals, adding- old acquaintances and friends. They 
had no time to become homesick; there Avas too much work to 
do. All summer and winter they were working on their farms 
and getting ready to build the mills. It was a huge undertak- 
ing to build a mill in those days; all the timbers had to be 
hewed, as there were no saw-mills. The mill-buiUliug was to be 
of good size, -10x50 feet, and three stories high. When com- 
pleted, it was the largest mill in the whole territory. So 
solidly was it constructed that it is still standing and used as 
a mill to this day, though steam has long since been substituted 
f • water power. The saw-mill which stood near the grist-mill 
was completed August 1, lv"^0;^ and the grist-iuill ou Pcromber 
17th of the same year. 

The saw-mill cut about 1,000 feet of lumber daily, which was 
worth from $1.00 to $1.05 per 100 feet. The mill ground about 
150 bushels of wheat daily, also ground corn. Flour was worth 
$3.00 per 100 pounds. Compared wdth today, that was rather a 
snuill business, but contrasted with a hand-mill for grinding 
and a whip-saw for making lumber, it was a big thing. This 
year, 18t>;>, ,lohn, who had been living in cabins, built a new 
house, the largest in the country, in order that he might have 
plenty of room for his father, mother and brother Samuel, all 
of whom lived with liint. It was 30x40 feet in size, two stories 
high, made of hewed logs. It had an immense chimney in the 
center, with two tireplaces up stairs aitd two down stairs, to build 
which required (i,000 bricks. This house your nuither will 
remember as the "Old Oiesy" house. It was torn dowtt thirtv 
or fortv years ago. The saw-mill was then cutting lumber, so 
that the house was finished with sawed instead of hewed lumber, 
floiu-s. d(Hu-s, etc.. and was regarded as a sort o( a Palace. John 
was a convivial character, and many social gatherings were 
held at his house, with its ample roon; for such festivities. He 
also kept a pack ol' hounds, and many fox hunts started from 
that hospitable center, whose people were antbitious to make it 
more so. 



CHAPTEU 1\'. 



THE i^VMlLY IN OTTIO. 



I have before inentioued General Arthur St. Clair, who had 
been Governor of the Territory since its formation in 17SS. He 
had siived A\ith distinction during the Eevolutionary War; was 
an honest and fairly capable officer, but arrogant and exceed- 
ingly obstinate. He was in politics a •'Federalist." whik^ a 
groat majoriiv o( t!\e settlors wore "JetVersoniaii lu'publieans." 
Three General Assemblies had met, and with each of them the 
Governor had quarrelled. He thought the Governor ought to 
exercise pretty nuu'h all [\\c authoriiy. while ihey thought, that 
what they said, ought to go. They said he was a '"IJegular 
Tyrant," and he Siiid tluy were no better than ■•French lievo- 
lutionists." In reading the accounts of their ilisputes one can 
readily see that hunuin nature is much the same in all times 
and places, modified, however, by surrounding circumstances. 
All these worthies professed great patriotism and disinterested- 
ness, which was the basis of all their differences. The country 
was filling up so rapidly that land was becoming valuable, and 
all could see that in laying out new counties, and locating county 
seats, a great deal of money could be made. St. Clair was sur- 
rounded by a sort of a "ring," who persuaded him that as Gov- 
ernor, it was his prerogative to designate the boundaries of ooim- 
ties, and to locate their county seats. This doctrine did not suit 
the members of the Assembly, all of whom were largo land- 
holders, and who had schemes of their own. and wanted to 
nuike the money themselves. So they passed bills fixing the 
boundaries of the counties, and making provisions for the county 
seats. These the Governor promptly vetoed ; then there was a 
tremendous wrangle, which resulted in the Assembly sending 
an agent to Congress, then in session, asking that the people 
be allowed to elect members for a Constitutional Convention to 
form a Constitution, and admit Ohio as a state. This St. Clair 
bitterly opposed, but the prayer of the Assembly was gi-anted, 
and in ISO"^ the election was held, and the Convention assendiled 
in Xovember of that year. 

You mav be sure that old Emanuel and the whole 



60 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

Carpenter gang were up to tlicir necks in the ll^•llt. 
I do not know what their p'olities were previous to this 
time, but now they were violent "JeiTersonian Eepul)lieans," 
and were loud in their denunciation of Governor St. Clair and 
his rascally "machine." St. Clair proposed to change the County- 
s(>:it of Fairfield County, and as Emanuel and his clan owned a 
large body of land adjoining "New Lancaster," the value of 
which greatly depended on the town, of course he was down 
on such a rascally proceeding. Fairfield County was entitled to 
two members. Emanuel was unanimously elected, and John 
Abrams, receiving the highest number of the other candidates, 
these two were the representatives. When the Convention as- 
sembled in Chillicothe, Governor St. Clair wished to address 
them as Governor of the Territory, but they refused to hear 
him as such ; they Avould listen to him only as "General St. 
Clair," a distinguished citizen. Whereupon he made a very 
intemperate speech, calling them all sorts of bad names, and 
saying that he had lost faith in re])ublican institutions. That 
night a mob tried to lynch a member, who had sided Avith St. 
Clair. When President Jefferson heard of the speech, he 
promptly deposed the Governor, thus ending the trouble, and 
also the political career of General St. Clair. Emanuel was a 
very prominent and active member of the Convention, which in 
about three weeks formed a Constitution that endured for fifty 
years, and under which Ohio grew to be a great state. The 
Convention had no trouble while making the Constitution, but 
when the time came to locate the state Capital there arose a 
great contest. Cincinnati, Marietta, Chillicothe, Lancaster and 
Zanesville all wanted it. Emanuel maintained that Lancaster 
being nearer the center geographically, was the undoubted 
center of population, and made great promises of what she 
would do if elected; but his opponents were equally strenuous, 
and thus the matter of locating a permanent Capital was indefi- 
nitely postponed. Columbus had no existence, and was not laid 
out till some years afterwards. 

The Convention, in the new Constitution, on account of its 
troubles with Governor St. Clair, gave the Governor very little 
power and the Legislature a great deal, among otliei-s the ap- 
pointment of the members of the Judiciary, and many other 
officers. At the meeting of the Legislature in 1803 Emanuel 



THE CARPENTER FAMILY. 61 

was re-appomtcd Prosiding Judge of the Court of Common 
Picas for Fairfield County, which he held till about 1815, when, 
on account of age, he resigned; but, in order to keep a good 
thing in the family, he procured the election of Samuel to fdl 
the vacancy, and the latter held the office during his life. From 
the adoption of the Constitution the county and state improved 
rapidly, and the Carpenter family prospered with the rest. 
Their mills proved to be very valuable property, and in the 
course of a few years Einanuel built a mill and a distillery, on 
Carpenter's Eun near his house. I remember when the mill 
Avas still standing, with quite a large mill pond, but both have 
long since disappeared. Lancaster grew quite rapidly; many 
new stores were established, and all classes of mechanics were 
represented. Emanuel leased a water-right to Captain Eow- 
land, who extended a race along Carpenter's Eun to where the 
remains of the old "Eees Mill" now stands, where he established 
a sickle factory, which he operated till about 1810, when he 
was killed by lightning. 

From all 1 lioard when a bny, I conclude that the Carpenter 
family in those early days, were very sociable and strongly 
attached to each other. Having originated from the Continent, 
they still retained the Continental ideal of Sunday, and made 
it a day of feasting and pleasure. On each Sunday they as- 
sembled at one or the other of their houses, taking all the 
children, and where a big dinner was the chief feature. There 
were great friendships among all the first settlers, aiul they 
had many festive gatherings, where pleasure and utility were 
combined. Quiltings and wood-choppings went together, and 
after working, eating and dancing were in order. 

I must not pass this period without recording what tradition 
said regarding your grandmother and your great uncle, Emanuel. 
They were at first the only young people of the family, for the 
brothers, John and Sebastian, had not as yet "come out." Sallie 
Carpenter, to begin with, was very pretty; in addition, she was 
the daughter of Judge Carpenter, the largest landholder and 
most prominent man in the county, and she belonged to the 
Carpenter family, who, in addition to their large farms, had 
gi-ist mills, saw mills and a distillery. No wonder she was the 
reigning belle, with admirers by the score. Her brotlier Emanuel, 
then just of age, was the swell young man of all the settlements. 



62 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

Wlicii ho got on his bulT knee-breeches, with embroidered coat, 
and put his hair in a cue, he indeed cut a wide swath, No gath- 
ering could be complete without these two. Sallie, among her 
many suitors, at length met her fate in young David Shellen- 
berger, who liad come to the country in 1799, from Lancaster 
County with liis brothers, and taken the land adjoining the Car- 
penters on the south. They were the best kind of people, and 
have left numerous and respectable descendants. Sallie was mar- 
ried about 1803, and Emanuel was so disconsolate at the loss 
of his sister, that the following year he married Mary Shellen- 
berger, sister of Sallie's husband. David and Sallie, built a 
regulation two-story hewed-log house, down on the Hocking, 
on what is now the Wright farm. I can remember when it was 
still standing, near the canal. David died in a few years, leav- 
ing Sallie a widow, without children, and she returned home to 
her father. Old John Carpenter, in the meantime, had become 
entirely reconciled to his new home. The grape vines were 
yearly loaded with fruit, wine was abundant, and Emanuel's 
distillery was in full blast. Captain Rowland, his old crony, 
and several Lancaster County old men were on hand, and gen- 
erally he was having a good time. Some one reported to his 
daughter, l)ack in Pennsylvania, that he was sorry he ever left 
liom(>. When he heard it he indignantly wrote, "Who the per- 
son was that informed you that I was sorry that I ever moved 
to the country I cannot conjecture; I live here as well as I did 
'below.' I have as good a house as I had there, and the land 
here is much better, and I am glad I sold my place 'below.' It 
is true everything is strange here, and as I cannot work myself, 
the time seems longer than to people who can work, but this 
is as fine a country as was ever discovered. Your mother is 
just as well contented as she was 'below,' but I dare say a thou- 
sand things will be told you by people who know nothing, and 
understand nothing about it, who will try to give you trouble as 
much as they can." His son, David, writes his sister, Mrs. 
Merkel, about the same date: "Father and mother would like 
it right well if you would come to this country to live, and I 
think it would be better for your family. I thinlc we have done 
well to come to this country. We were offered $650 rent for 
the grist and saw mill for one year. So you may know yourself 
that we have done well. I, myself, and Captain Rowland, and 




HON. EMANUICI^ CAKPKNTKK, 111. 



Sheriff of Fairfieid County, Ohio, 1807. 

Meir.ber of the Ohio Leqislature, 1813. 

B. 17S3— D. 1818. 



77/A; CAHI'nNTI'U! FAMILY. iV-l 

;i liircd iiinii, ;i(l,cii(l llic mills, ;iii(l we j^riiid IT)!) Imslicls cf 
wlic'il, ;iii(l f^iiw I, '■.'()() Feci of liiiiihci- in ;i (l;iy. 'I'Im' liiiiihcr is 
vvordi from $1.00 io ^LJif) jxt liiiii(Jrc'd feci, Jiiid (lour $;!.00 
jH'i' 100 pounds. Wo hear that (lour sells at $10.00 pci- ItarTcl 
in N(!W Orlcjiris, and if Lliai is so vvc siiall have a ;^ood niarkci, 
and wheal grows well lici'c." 

'I'licse extracts show thai sonic pcoph' nluised Ohio 
in that (hiy, as in laid- limes I hey (lisparaj^rd Illinois 
and Iowa. In 180(J Samuel (■()nehided that, he would 
huild a house cojnmejisurate with his standing and position. 
lie, (.herd'ore, started a hrick yard, and made his own hrick, 
while the saw mill furnished the lumber, and dnriii;^^ the si;ason 
Ik; built the house in which your mother was horn. It was the 
first brick house built in the county, and I'l'om ils prominent 
location commanded a view of tla; whole surronndini^- (;ountry. 
Samuel, no doubt, thought that it lilhid the hill, and was a 
tangible, and visible advertisemetd of its owner, lie moved 
into it on D(!cember 11, IHOG, taking his fallier and molh(!r 
with him. TIk! house has been chang(!d somewhat from the 
original \)y additions; at first there was a l)rick kit(;hen attached 
to the east end, which was i'(;moved when I Ik; house was remod- 
eled. He also r)uilt a large; barn at the foot of the hill, which 
was thateh(!d with rye straw. In that old barn your mother 
usc'd to milk cows, while I was an interested looker'-on. The 
old ha I'll was torn down and a new one built by your grand- 
father. Old John was very anxious to g(!t into the new house, 
but th(;y had S(;ar(;(!ly got settl(;d when he was taken sick and 
died on January 15, 1807. ]fe was only confined to his bed a 
few days, and his son, Samuel, in writing his sister says: "ITe 
could only eat a little toast and cn^ain soup, and he also (piit 
drinking any kind of liipior two weeks before he died." I am 
of the of)inion that the old gentleman made ;i gniat mistake 
wh(;ii he left (jlf tli(! wine, and other litpiors. Old habits cannot 
be ahandoned with impniiity; instead cd' (putting he ought to 
have doubled the dos(!. Hi; was quite; willing to die, and gave 
directions in regard to his funeral. "No elaborate cooking was 
to ])e done; the people were to be givcm bread and cheese and 
something to drink;" accordingly bread and cheese were served 
with French brandy to push it down. It was th(! first death in 
the fjimily since; their removal io Ohio, ;iiid he was the first 



64 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

person buried iu the "Carpenter's Graveyard," located on the 
high hill opposite the one on which Samuel's house stands. 

In looking over the County records I found the following: 
"Tuesday, January 20, 1807, James Pearce, Esq., married 
Sebastian Carpenter to Polly Grundy." Sebastian was our 
great-uncle. I did not find anything relating to John, who was 
the other brother, younger than your grandmother. I know, 
however, that he was married. This same year Emanuel, Jr., 
then twenty-four years of age, was elected Sheriff of the county, 
which office he held for several years. On February 4, 1809, 
I find the following : "John Wright, preacher, married Isaac 
Koontz to Mrs. Sarah Carpenter Shellenberger," who was your 
grandmother. On July 2, 1809, old Emanuel and his wife Mary 
deeded to David and Susannah Carpenter, his wife, a half sec- 
tion of land, and on July 22, to Isaac Koontz and Sarah, his 
wife, a half section of land. These two tracts of land embraced 
the farms upon which lived Andrew Pearce and wife, William 
Cook and wife, Isaac Koontz and his wife, and your father and 
mother. When these deeds were made the land was an unbroken 
forest. I am not certain that your grand-parents ever lived on 
the land. I have an impression that your grandfather was 
engaged about the mills. A few years later old Emanuel and 
his wife deeded to John and Sebastian, their sons, a section of 
land, about where "Clearport" now is. They moved to the land, 
and, besides clearing farms, built a powder mill, which they 
operated for many 3fears and during the war of 1812-14. In 
1810 David built the brick house on the "Logan Eoad," about a 
half a mile from the mill. It was not quite as pretentious as 
Samuel's, but was the second brick house in Berne township. 
When furnished, his father-in-law, old Emanuel and his wife 
went to live with him, and remained there during the rest of 
their lives. 

In 1815 John, who lived at the "Giesy place," was taken with 
a malignant bilious fever, of which he died within a few days. 
He was just in the prime of life and left a wife and three chil- 
dren, of whom "Aunt Diana Pearce" was the eldest. His 
widow in about a year's time married Henry Shellenberger, an 
old bachelor, who had been her suitor when she was a girl back 
in Pennsylvania. He was the eldest brother of David Shellen- 
berger, your grandmother's first husband. By her second hus- 



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TIIK CAltPENTER FAMILY. 65' 

band she had two cliildrcn, Edwin and Jleiiry. In 181(1 Wil- 
liam Cook married Elizabeth, the second daiigld(!r of David 
and Susannah. You will remembei- tliat they lived on the 
farm adjoining yours. In 1817 Andrew I'earee, who had been 
forbidden the house by my grandmother, stole away Maria Car- 
penter, and they were married by John Van meter, Esq. They 
also lived on the adjoining farm. The young people were for- 
given, and Andrew, though a godless young man, soon became 
a Methodist and tlien a Ba])tis(, but his religion did not j)revent 
him from being an energetic and successful farmer. 

Emanuel Carpenter, Jr., deserves more than a passing notice, 
lie was a man of medium height, brown hair, gray eyes, with 
a slight tendency to corpulency. He had a great deal of energy 
and enterprise, and, as I have noted, he was elected Sheriff 
when only twenty-four years of age. His father had given him 
a half section of land about a mile west of town, embracing the 
land that was afterwards known as "Clarksburg," on the Clear 
Creek road. There he erected a mill at the head of Carpenter's 
Eun, and built a brick house, where Joshua Clark afterwards 
lived. After being Sheriff for several yeai's, in 18i;i Ik; was 
elected to the State Legislature. In 1811 Ik; purchased of 
Ebenezer Zane 437 acres of land, which was the remainder of 
the Zane section, upon which Lancaster was laid out. The 
north boundary of this land was what is now Jail street, and 
it embraced all th(! hind between that and the Hocking, and a 
considerable portion west of the creek. He paid Zane for the 
land $G,782. He laid off "Carpenter's Addition" to Lancaster, 
which extended south of Jail street to the creek. He donated 
for church and grave-yard purposes the ground now occupic-d by 
the Methodist and the African churches and the adjoining 
grave-yard. He also donated the ground for "the Square'' to the 
city, at the foot of Broad and Columbus streets, near the pres- 
ent depot. In addition to farming, milling and distilling, he 
opened a store in the town. About the same time he built the 
two-story frame building on Broad street, still standing, and 
later occupied by the lieverend Samuel Carpenter. 71iis Samuel 
Carpenter, was the son of Emanuel's elder brolhcr Samuel, who 
did not move from Pennsylvania. He was only a few years young- 
er than Emanuel, and had been educated as a surveyor and civU 
engineer. He came to Ohio about 1815-16, and became a part- 



06 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF 

nor of Kni;inu(>l in liis store. As iliis was directly after the 
last war with England there was a great boom in business, and 
Emanncl was on the crest of the wave. His wife had died in 
1813, and while attending the Legislature, he had made the 
acquaintance of, and married Miss Salome Hess. By his first 
wife he had four children — Ezra, Augustine, Samuel and Cath- 
arine. About and before the war period, a great many State 
Banks had been started, which made money plentiful, but when 
the reaction began to set in after the close of the war, these 
banks began to fail; a severe monetary panic ensued, and 
Emanuel, whose large business was much scattered, was very 
greatly embarrassed. While struggling with his difficulties, he 
took a seven; cold, which terminai(Hl in pneumonia, of which 
he died in Fel)ruary, 181<S, in his tliirty-fifth year. Had he 
lived he might have worried through his pecuniary difficulties, 
but there was no one to take his jjlace, and after his affairs were 
adjusted a mere pittance was left for his children. By his 
second wife he left a daughter. Reverend Samuel, married 
his widow, and they lived all their lives in the log weather- 
boarded house on Broadway, built by Emanuel. Samuel Car- 
penter was quite eminent as a Civil engineer, and the Hocking 
Valley Canal was built under his supervision. About 181!) 
or 1820 Diana Carpenter, the eldest daughter of John, mar- 
ried John Van Pearce, a brother of Andrew, who had married 
Maria, daughter of David, with whose history your mother is 
fully acquainted. Samuel Carpenter, who built the brick house, 
still lived there with his mother, and flourished apace, since 
his accssion to the judgeshij), and on account of Emanuel's 
age he had become the big man of the family. He was said to 
have been the best dressed man in the county and rode the 
best horse — a steed with a flowing mane and luxuriant tail. 
When in full dress and mounted, he appeared in the streets of 
Lancaster, the band immediately struck up "Hail to the Chief," 
but pride always has a fall in its wake, and Samuel did not 
escape. Shortly after the war, Judge Charles Sherman, the 
fatht'r of General William T. and Senator John Sherman, was 
appointed Collector of Internal Eevenue for one of the Ohio 
districts. He had to give a large bond, and Samuel was one 
of his bondsnicn. All went on well until the State Banks began 
to fail and Ihe panic came on. -fudge Sherman was a strictly 



^^^, *^ 




Rev. SAMUEL CAIU'KNTER, 



Lancaster, Ohio. 

Born July 18, 1794, at Lancaster. Pa. 

Died August 18, 1870, at Lancaster, Ohio. 

Auditor Fairfield Co. Ohio 

1821-1825. 

Engineer in charge of Public works for 

many years. 

Baptist Minister for 40 years. 



THE CAia'ENTNIi FAMILY. 07 

honest iiiid hoiiorahJe man, but some ol' his dcpiiiics wore; not 
so. The revenue had been paid in Uie money of the State 
Bunks. Wlien they failed, the Col](!ctor was hd't with their 
worthless bills on his hands, lie was, therefore, forced to fail, 
and the Government went back to his bondsmen. The sum 
involved was so large that total ruin stared Samuel in the face. 
He was then nearly sixty years of age, and had always lived in 
affluence. By advice of friends, he had transferred his property 
to others in order that he might be in better shape to make 
some compromise with the Governmcint. But he was broken- 
hearted, took to his bed, and died within two or three months, 
"^riiis was in September, 1821. After his death the business 
was arranged with the Government, with the loss to his estate 
of only a few thousand dollars. Samuel, I think, must have 
possessed some mechanical genius, for I have often heard my 
father say that his uncle, Samuel, and Captain Rowland inade 
the first piano that was ever seen in the county. I never saw 
it, but possibly your mother knows something about it. His 
mother, the poor old lady who was so badly treated on her way 
to the country, died about 1811 in Pennsylvania, and was 
buried in the cemetery near Shiremanstown, and I think your 
grandfather moved into the house about that time. 

In 1822 Emanuel Carpenter, Sr., closed his useful life. He 
died in the brick house built by my grandfather, with whom 
he had lived several years. His wife and eight children sur- 
vived him. He had accomplished in Ohio as much as his grand- 
father Iloinrich, had in Pennsylvania 100 years Ix'l'oi'c. lie 
left to each of his children a half section of good land, besides 
other property, and they were all prosperous and honon'd. In 
the following year his wife Mary died, ag(!d 77. She had been 
confined to her bed for several years, not abb,' to move al)0ut 
without h(!lp. She occupied the lower front room of the house 
on the left of the hall. In the year preceding her death she 
happened to be alone in her room; it was warm weather, and 
the doors and windows were open. Without notice, a full- 
grown bear walked in. She sprang from her bed and filled 
the house by her shrieks. The other women of th(; household 
rushed to the door, but, being afraid io ciitci-, llicy joined in 
the old lady's cries. The situation was relieved by the owner 
of the bear, who led him away. He belonged to a moving fam- 



68 GENEALOGICAL NOTES OF ' 

ily, -wlio were passing the house, and was not dangerous, but 
inquisitive. It was hoped that the old lady would now stay 
cured of the paralysis, but she was not, and this is about all I 
know of our great grandmother. 

In the year 1823 Gabriel, David's eldest son, born in Penn- 
sylvania in 1801, married Catharine Pearce, a sister of Andrew 
and of John Pearce, before mentioned. The young people moved 
to a new tract of land on "Muddy Prairie Eun," seven miles 
west of Lancaster. They were my father and mother, and I 
was born at that place, 

William Carpenter, my grandfather's youngest son, had about 
the year 1817 sold his land and his interest in the mills to 
John Pannebaker and George See. He then moved his family 
up the Hocking, about six miles, to a half section of land which 
his father-in-law, Emanuel, had given to his wife. He opened 
a farm there, and in 1824 died of bilious fever, in the forty- 
fifth year of his age. He left a widow and several children, 
who in 1835 sold the farm and moved somewhere into the north 
part of Ohio. A year or two previous to this Henry Shallen- 
berger, who had married John's widow, together with his 
brothers-in-law, John and Sebastian Carpenter, sold their pos- 
sessions and moved to Shelby County, Illinois, in which section 
their descendants still reside. Michael, and Walter Scott, sons 
of Israel, are still living (1907) near Fairfield, Wayne County, 
Illinois. About the year 1825 Paul, and Gabriel Carpenter, 
grandsons of old Emanuel, came to Lancaster from Lancaster, Pa. 
They inherited a half section of land through their 
mother, Emanuel's eldest daughter. Gabriel was an engineer 
and a merchant, and died about 1841. Paul was first a School 
Master, but afterwards became a doctor, lived a long and useful 
life, and died in Lancaster in 1880. (For further sketch of 
Dr. Paul, see appendix). In 1840 my grandmother died in 
the old brick homestead in her sixty-sixth year. I have a very 
tender recollection of her. She was a handsome, rather stout 
old lady, with a very sunny disposition and a kind heart. 

In my fourth year, my father and mother, Gabriel, 
and Catherine Pearce Carpenter, moved into, and occu- 
pied the house with my grandparents. Grandmother was 
my "city of refuge;" with her I sought protection from many 
a deserved punishment. She always found excuses for my 




Hon. SAMUEL L. CARPENTER, 

Greensburg, Penna. 

Son of 

Daniel, and Mary Leas Carpenter, 

Member ot Legislature of Pennsyrvan'a 

and Presidential Elector. 

Born 1795; Died 1876. 



77/f; CAh'I'NS'l'Hi:. FAMILY. 69 

rc[)c;ilc(l vvi'dii;^' dniiii'.s, ;iii(l '^'iicral I y siicccctli'il in l)(';/;';iiij!; iih.' 
olV. Ill IS 17 my f;r;iii(ir;i(h('i- l);ivitl, dird in liis ('i^!,lil id li ytMC 
Jl(! vvJis ill iiiaiiy w;iys ;in cxli'iiordiiiiiry iiinii, n, lilllc iihovc IJui 
iiicdiiiiii lici/^lil, well foniicd, coiiiplcxioii rnlJicr diirl<, with 
liri^lil liMzcl eyes. \'()ii Imvc prohnJily ol'li'ii seen his porLniil-, 
which used lo he in llic possession of yoiii" iiiieh;, Isiuu; Kooril,/. 
II, is now in llic |)ossession of Siili'ni iV'urcu!, ol" Mnrysvill'', 
Ohio. II vviis liikeii wlicii he wiis nejirly seveiily yeiirs (d" n\i(.\, 
and W!i,s a very i^ood likeness of liini. lie li;id liccii a very 
athletic arid active youii/,^ iiiaii, and in old a^^c was very siiiarl; 
and graecd'iil in his earria|;c. 'I'o (he very last in' always wa,lk(!(l 
to town twice a week, g(!Jierally eallin<^% hy llic way, at your 
^M-andfallier's lioiise. I was often his eoiii|)anion, and had lo 
run lo keep up willi him. As was his hrollii'i- Sainiicl, he was 
fond of dress. Ii(! wore drah hinadclol h, eiil, in (^)uakcr slyhi, 
with a hroad-hriniiiK'd li^lil hat. lie looked as "neat UH a new 
j)in." lie had some cronies in lown upon whom lu! alwayH 
called. OiH^ was a, l)r. Shav\k, an old root and hcrh doelor. 
{Jnuidfalher knew a ^reat <lcal ahoiit roots and lierhs. lie and 
old Sliawk used to make; u "marrow [ilaslcr" that was a, sov- 
onii^^n I'cmedy For all aches. Mr also had a laiicrt Ihat s(!t 
with a spririf.,', and oFlcii hied people, as wa,s eomiiHUi |)ra(d.ic(» 
fjfty y(iarB a/^o. Another friend was .lolin StaJIsmilh, an old 
money lender, hiil as /^raml father never loaned money I don't 
know what then! was in common hetw(!(.'n them. Anotlier wan 
a. disrepulahle old va|,faJ)ond named Stiill, who lived in a, one- 
.•-lory frame hiiildinjf on l'>roa,d way, shaded hy ;'re;il Syamore 
Irees. In early days he had ])last(!re(l my grandfather's lioiis(! 
and look f(u- [lay Iwo acres of land near our house, upon which 
he had an oi-ehard. In llie season of fruits I used to iiiak(i 
contiiuK^d raids on tlui orchard, and was in had odcu' with Stiill. 
Tfis sol(! o(-(;upalion was fishing, and he and /^^nirid father used 
to make annual trifis to the "Bi^ RoHcrvoir" to en^a^^' in lliat 
diversion. Their convcirsation consistod of "fmh Htori(!8," whi(!h 
for nia<^Miiliide would pasH rnuHtcr even at this day. (Jrand- 
falher, as far hack as T can remomhor, had ^iven over all cam 
of the farm lo my father, aiul occupied and amused himself 
hy I'aisin^ apples, grapes and otluir fruits; in makin/r cider and 
win(!, and in hein^ head hoss on hutcheriiif^ day. Ife also hnd 
•(real mechanical skill ;iiid was very in<reiiioiis in workiii'' in 



70 OE-NEALOaiVMj l^OTEt:^ OF 

wood, lie liiid ;i lit(l(> work sliop iiiul a I ui'iiiiii^r la (lie. He 
iiiiulo a rainily "gig" in whicli two eoiild ride, and wliicli was 
ilio Jlrst plcasiiro rig 1 cvor saw. ITis oarvinges for llio cliildrcn 
wiM"(! (he envy of all the neiglihors. He also made cradles Tor 
ciitliiig grain and various oilier implements used in farming; 
in fact, wo believed lie could make anvlliing. lie was tlu' most 
even tempered man I ever knew; lie was never rulUi'd, and never 
swore nnless "liang it all"' is swearing, lie drank wine of liis 
own make and smoked incessantly tobacco of his own raising. 
He was fond of coni|)any, and (>s[)eeially of children, who were 
always banging aboiil. him. lie I'cad bis Diilcli liible every 
night till !) o'clock, at wbicb liour be always retired. Among 
the neighbors be was always called upon to arbitrate their dif- 
ferences, lie was never conniH'ted with any cburcli, but at- 
tendiNl meeting wlien convenient, and was qnite ortbodo.x' in 
his belief; in fact, be went as far as to believe in "spooks," 
lie was a great favorite, wi(b both old and young alike, in town 
and eonntry. I^Iveryone called him "Uncle David." When 
attacked with his fatal illness, pneumonia, be was very niueh 
averse to taking inedieini\ l)ut bis lu'pbew, Dr. Taul, bled him, 
cn})ped him, blisbM'tu! bim, and did all the other regular things 
of tbat day, assisted by your uncle, Samuel, and myself, who 
were then students in medicine. I Ibink that among us we 
hastened somewbat (be sad event, lie sud'ered |)atien(ly Cor a 
few days aiul mel deadi with a courage and resignalion such 
as 1 trust we may all have when the time of our d(>))arture 
shall come. His dealli left your grandmolber (be sole survivor 
of her generation in Ohio. She was still living in IS!!), when 
1 left Ohio, and died about 1S5-1 or 1855. (\inscious (bat these 
reminiscences have bt^en drawn out (o an undue leiiglb, it is 
to be nMiiembered that tlie })eriod of 150 years is a pretty long 
time, and (lu'rt> W(M-(> a good many Carpenters, whose record in 
brief, liiids a place bere, wbicb I (rust may be of \aliK' to ilie 
eominir u-eneralions. 




WAI/I'I'IK SCOTT ('AICI'I';NTI':K, 



SnnoniiiOM Cuuiity, IIIIiioIk. 

Son of 

lsi'.\cl, .iiul Siis.iii Hfss, Caipt-ntei'. 



CHAPTER V. 

Chicago, March 19th, 1906. 

Peksonal and Family Eeminiscences. 

Several years ago in a series of letters written to my cousin 
Mrs. Stella V. Kellerman of Columbus, Ohio, I gave, so far 
as I knew, the history of the descendants of Heinrich Zimmer- 
man, or Henry Carpenter, as anglicised, from the time he first 
came to America in 1698, down to a period Avithin the memory 
of many then living. Since then members of my family, and- 
other kindred, have requested me to write personal and famil}' 
reminiscences, extending down to recent years. With some re- 
luctance I have consented, for at my age memory becomes in- 
distinct, and writing very much like hard labor. 

To take up the thread of my history, where I left off, will 
carry me back to 1836, when I was ten years of age. The 
Carpenter family and its connections in Ohio at that date, con- 
sisted of my grandfather David, and Susannah, his wife, and 
Isaac Koontz, and his wife, Sarah Carpenter Koontz, who were 
the only persons then living, who had emigrated from Pennsyl- 
vania. The children of David, and Susannah Carpenter, were: 
First, Maria Carpenter, married to Andrew Pearce, about the 
year 1817, and their children, Emanuel, Priscilla, Susan, Re- 
becca, Salem, John and James; all of whom reached adult age, 
and of whom Priscilla, Salem and James, are still living. 
Second, Elizabeth Carpenter, who married William Cook about 
the year 1816, and their children, Sarah, Catherine, Maria, 
Wesley, and two or three others, whose names I cannot recall. 
Third, Gabriel Carpenter, who married Catherine Pearce, about 
the year 1825, and their children, Seymour D. Rebecca, Mary, 
Emanuel, Brough, and Susannah; all of whom are now living, 
except Rebecca. Fourth, Nehemiah Carpenter, who married 
Mary Johnson, about the year 1828, and whose children are 
Amanda, James, Rebecca, E'zekiel, David, Paul, Maria, Gabriel, 
Catherine, Elizabeth, Samuel, Zachary and one other, whose 
name I do not recall. All these are still living, with the ex- 



72 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

coption of l^'zckicl. Tlie childron of Isaac Ivoontz, and Sarah 
(*;ir|)('iilci-, Ills wilV, wovo Siirnli, Isnnc, Sjirniicl, An<^(>1in(> niid 
.h'cboccii, ;ill of wIhmii iii;iiTi(>(l, nnd arc now dead. |)i;ni;i Car- 
jx'idci-, Ihc daii<;ld('r of -loliii Carpciilcr, inai'iiiMl .l<i|m Van 
rcarcc, about the year 18^0. TIicm't clnlch-cii \v<'i'c .lolm, .huncs, 
Albiiia, and h^diza, of wlioni the hist two arc now li\iii!4'. Of our 
(Mtllalci'al I'clalivcs, Mm re was Dr. MicliacI /iimnici'inaii Krcidcr, 
who iiiarricd Sidney Ifccs; and Ibi'ir cbildrcii, Olivia, l*]th('l, 
Ix'titia, Tlialia. and h](hnund (\, all of wlioju ar(> now dead. 
^I'luM-e was also a. IJultci- family, livini;- five oi' six miles norlli of 
Laucasici', wiio were desceiidanls of Henry, llio ihird sou of 
old lleini'ieli, Iml I do no( remember niueli aboni them, and all 
whom I did know, are lon^' since dead, licsidcs the above named, 
thoro was in Laucaslcr Ihc family of the l\(!V. Sanuiel Carpenter, 
who married Mary Hess, the widow of hhuaniiel (Carpenter, and 
whose children were ]{ehccca, Mary, and I^anra, Ihc (irst two of 
Avhom arc now dead, hhnanuci Carpenjci-, Ihc bi'otber of my 
grandmother, died in I.SIS, and hd'l Ihe rollovvin<jj children: 
Kzra, Augustine, (-ailiarine, Samuel, and Sarah, all now being 
^dead. t'/ra, (he oldest son, married Sarah ivces, and their chil- 
dren wei'c David, Lewis, and tlii'ce or four others, whose names 
! do not I'ecall, but most, of whom reached adult age. Of these 
David, and Lewis, are still living. in Ijancaster also lived, 
(Jabriel, and I'aid Carpcider, sous of Christian Cnry)enter of 
Lancaster, Pa., and whose mother was a sister of iny graiul- 
nioth(U'. (Jabriel Cai'peidei' mai'i'ied Elizabeth Council, and 
iheir children were tjli/abclh and John, [he laiter being dead. 
Paul mai'ricd first Mary Cannon, and their cbildrcn were ITenry, 
and liaiira, bolh si ill living. l*'or a second wif(\ be married a 
Miss l'\'tter, and their children were Ccorge, and two daughters; 
George still living. Augustine Carpenter, Samnel Cai'pentcr, 
and Catherine (iarpcnier, all (hildrcu o\ hhnaniiel above named, 
married and had children, but I reun'nd)er nothing of them. 
About isni or 1835 the widow of William Car|)enl(>r, my grand- 
father's brolbci-, and ber family, moved to the northwestern ])art 
of Ohio, and 1 lU'ver knew them. About the same time, the 
widow of John CarpentcM-, and the moiher of Diana, I'earce, with 
her son Israel Cai'penlei', and her two sons Pjdwin, and Henry 
Shclleid)erger, b\' her second husband, moved to Shelby County, 
Illinois, ami wilh them her two brollKU's, dohn and Sebastian 




i)r (:iof)ia;i<; i-ail cAiM'iONTioit, 

Cedar Rapids, Iowa. 



SI'JYMOUIi I). OAlil'I'lNTI'lli. 73 

Carponior, of I he old slock, who (■nine IVom rcntiHylvmiiii. 
"^IMicsc two l)i'ol,liris liiiVI r;iiiiirK'S, ;uiil llicir (hisccndjuilH now Iiv(? 
ill Sliclhy, VV;iyiM' iiiid S;in;_',.'iiiioii coiiiilics, Illinois, ;ind nciir 
IVI(!.\i(:o, Mo. Ill iiddilioii lo iill lluiHc pci'SoiiH iiiiincd, I liiul 
Jimncroiis I'oliilivcs in I^'iiirlicld (Joiinly, on my moUicr's side of 
IIk; house, in I.Ih^ fiunilies of I he I'ciirees, Viin Mi'Ires, A|)|de-- 
gJiteH, (Herns, Mulls ;ind olheir. Al, I he period iiiinied, iill, 
willi Ui(! ('X(!e|»l ions nolrd, live(| in, or ne;ir liJinenslcr, Ohio, 
:ind my e;irly life, iinlil I w;is Ivveiily yeiirs (d" iv^c, wns H|)ent 
uniong ihem. 'IMk; Ohio, juid I he Liuicjisler, of S(!verd,y y(!arrt !i,<^o, 
werf! very |)rimil,ive wh(!n eompiired wilh wliiil, I hey nvc. lo-diiy. 
'^rii(! foil :ind slreii^lh ex|»i'nded in Ihe preeedin;' lliird of a 
(MMiliiry, h;id doiui a <^reii,l, deiil low;irds eliiiiif^Mii!^ Ihe iiiihrok<'n 
foresls, iiilu ;i I'liirly eidiivjiled eoiinj.ry, hiii miieh yel. reimiiiK!*! 
lo he done. h'oiids liiid heeoiiic more niimeroiis, hid, I, hey w(!ni 
fitill in ;i very iinlinished (toiidilion, wilh mud h(des in Ihe siim- 
Tner, .■iinl ;ilniosl. impiiss;ihle, when I'rozf'ii in llii' wiiiler. Only 
Ihe more iinpo!-|;iid, si renins wi're hrid^^'ed. The ^;re;il, miijority 
of Ihe eiiliiviiied lieldH jihoniided in slumps, :iiid were eiutlosed 
hy woi-m riiil I'enceH; rnowt of ilie houses were of hew<'d lo^'s, jiiid 
IJiere wer(; slill occupied Tiuml)(!rs of Ihe (M'i<!,iii;il eiihins, whieh 
had Hlicllcrcd LIk; (iurly HCittlcrs. In liernc iowriHhip, I e;in only 
rccjill four hriek lioiises, I, Ik; one hiiill in IMOCi, hy my <i;re;il, uncle, 
Samuel, one huill, hy my <j;r;ind fill her in IS 10, dne hiiill. hy («eri- 
er;il hnvid Ifees, fiilher of Mrs. Dr. K reider in iSiri, ;ind on(! 
hy ('ol. VVilliiim (!rook in IX'.!0. Knime hnriis were jiisl, he^in- 
Tlinf^ lo he l)iiill. Lnncjisiei- eonlnined less lluui lliree llioiiHJirid 
inhiihihiiils, ;iiid there were hiil, few hriek slriieliires olT IIk; 
main si reels, lhoii;.di nhoiil lh;il, lime («en(!i'!il IVle( !iii,eken huill, ii, 
palaliiii miiiiHlon, iniieli ihe linesl in I.IimI; piirl; of l\\(', Htai(!,.aruJ 
whieli (o lliis <l;iy is one al' llie hesi, in Ihe eil.y. 

The HjiinnJM^^ whe(;l jukJ ilu; loom, wcsre round in iilmoBJ; (;very 
liouK(!, and For (!V(!rydii,y wcsiir, ilic cIoI.Ikw wen; rruule of liorru;- 
Tiiiide imileriiil ; il, was iihoiil Ihe end of IIk' period when IIk; 
iliiiernnl, sliO(!mii,ker and lailor weiil, from house l.o hoii:e, riia,k- 
in^^ Ihe slioem for all Ihe family, and I h<' elolhes for IIm- men 
follcH. VValei' fordonieslie piirpos<'S came from sprinj'S, wliieh 
were ahiiiidanl, oi' from wells. Main Sireel, Imd side walks of 
hriek, in Ihe hiisiesi, |)arl, liiil, all Ihe resi, were of dirl, s<'|)aral;cd 
from Ihe ^Irccl, hy ;i dilcji. There w(!r(.' several elmrehes, nioHtly 



74 AUTOBJOGKAPHY OF 

franic, bill very soon sonic ^vovc replaced by inoi'c pretentious 
brick ones. There were about a dozen stoi'cs ubicli carried in 
slock dry _i;()ods, <i,'rocci'ies, hardwart' and wbiskey, also a eoupU; 
of drii^" stores. Median ics sbops wcm'c nuicb more numerous in 
propoi'tion lo Ibc population (ban today. I'foph' could not 
ad'ord (o import manufactured articles; so on all sides could be 
S(!eii waj^on, and blacksmitb sbojis, combined; vvilb cabinet 
nuikers, ^"unsmilbs, sboemakers, tailors, tannei's, tin sbops, vvlieel 
\\'i'i<;bts, cbair ma]<crs, batters and so (ui iliiou^ii all I be niecban- 
ical lines, all of vvbosc productions vvcri! for bonie consumption. 
The exports from the county before th(; advent of the canal, 
were conlincd lo wbiskey, bides, pelli'ies, tobacco, and liv(! slock, 
driven on foot lo the eastern rruirkels. it was about tluj end of 
the period wlu!n flat-boats wen; run down the Hocking, from the 
moulb of b'usb Creek, loaded with pork, whiskey, hoop ])oles, etc. 
liOg school-houses were scattered over the country, in which 
three months instrucli(ui was <;iv(Mi in tbe wint(M-, and some in 
the sumnu'r, wben enough palrons could be found to pay the 
teacher, by private subscription. There were seven or eight 
taverns in I be town, located along the main roads at fi'equent in- 
tervals. Tliey all kej)t a bar, and were tlu' places of common 
resoi't on r'ainv days, and ])idilie occasions of all kiiuls. There 
was a mail on alternate days, from Zanesville to (/hillicothe, 
carried by a four-horse coach, and on other roads once a week, 
carried on boi'seback. There were two we(>kly ]ia|)ers in town, the 
"|jan(:aster Gazette," and the "Ohio Eagle," tbe former Whig, 
the latter, DcMiuicrat. There was a great deal of hard work done, 
but we were not wilbout i-ecreations ami auiusements, School 
bouses were used not oidv for educational purposes, but for re- 
ligious insli-uetion as well, and once a numtb at least, itinerant 
Metliodist, ()!• I>a]>tist preachers, beld forlli in Ibem to large 
congregations, since Ibcre evei-y young fellow weut to see his 
best girl. In I be sunnner time, we weid. to the "Muster" of the 
niililia, wben we all ti'i<'d to leai'n military tactics, from ex- 
traordinarily incompetent teachers, which occasions were en- 
livened by the drinking of much whiskey, and frequent fisticuff 
encounters, between the would-b(! soldiers, mixed with horse 
racing and otbei' kiiulred spoi'Is. 'IMie Methodist camp meet- 
ings Avere also a great feature in the fall, after harvest. The 
Macklin camp ground, four miles east of Lancaster, was a 



SEYMOUR I). CAlWKNTKIi. 75 

fiirinors' rosort, in IJicro early duyK. TIic Iciils iiiid lu;^- Iml.s 
wci'c ])lace(l iiroiiml ii hirg'c aquui'c, in (lie (■ciilcr <il' wliicli ninod 
ii ni(l(( |)iivili(»ii. AL iii^lil. hiiiips were siis|i<'ii(|((l in Ihc pavil- 
ion and iuiiong the trccH, aiid (in Hcall'olds, covered willi dirl, 
honlireH were hiiilt, ko ibjil, the vvliolc pliiec \v;iH hi'illi.inl I y 
li^j^ldcd. Tlioiisands of people (locked lliidier From :dl llie 
conntry f.'ir ;ind near, iind U)v a week ;i niont (Mijoyidili' linn- 
was had, nol oidy from IIh! ouI poiirin;.' of Uh; sjiii'it, hid; for llie 
excidlenl opporl iiiii l,y il alTorded ;dl llie yoiin;,!,' people for eoiirl- 
in<'-. lo'Treshnienls in llie way of giii<;'er-hi"ead, candy, small 
heer and vvalernielons were pleiilifid, and tlui yonn/j^ folks nin,de 
llie iniisl of lliein. We saved up money l,o spend al, iJie eanip 
in(;el.in^^ 

'I'lie eleeiions wer(! anolluM' imjioilaiiL eveiiL ''hey 
were held eillier in a School house or a.i a tavern. All llie j»eo- 
])]e went to the polls, attracted by the free treating, I'oi- almost 
every candidate was on liand, with liis keg of whiskey, to I real, 
his constituents; and as tli(!re were always niimeivin: a;-piraiits 
I'oi' oDIee befon; the v(jtei' got around he was pri'tly Full, and 
many lights were i>,nvi'. to oc(;ur, which made things vei'y lively. 
Moi'e oi- 1(!B8 horse racing was also mixed up with serving the 
country and doing onci's duty. In llie winler Ihcre werci corn 
hiiskings, which wert? attended hy old and young of holli se.ves. 
Large heaps of corn wei-e collectcfl in or neai- Ihe harn; the 
company was divided into two equal parts, as was the corn pile, 
and the contest was d(!cided in favor of those who fhiished first. 
Whenever a red ear was found, the finder was entitled to a kiss 
from his, or her neighbor. The festivities w(!re closed hy a 
sumptuous meal, in whicli pumpkin pies cut a large tigun;. 
''J'here were also the wood-chopping and log-rolling bees, and 
the (piillings for llie women. |)iirin;'; Ihe d;iy the men woidd 
cut down and chop up qiiit(! a pi(H;e of for<'st, while th(! women 
in doors would quilt a bed-spread. Wlien night canu; there was a 
gi-and siqipef, after wliieh followed ;i dance, which sometimes 
continued all night. Most of the early sf.'ttlers in that part of 
Ohio came from Pennsylvania, Virginia and Maryland, tlie 
majority from the former stat((. Tlier(! was also a considerable 
niimher of (J(;rinans dii-ectly from the old country, a smaller 
niimher of Irish, and a few coloi-ed people, whose masters in 
Virginia, or Maryland had emancipated, and hroiight tbcju with 



76 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

tlu'iii, vvluii they moved to ilie Jicvv country. Taken as a whole, 
1lic mass of the |)('Oj)l(> were an active, energetic ajid lionest 
commiinily. Some were liiglily e<lueale(l, especially in the pro- 
IV'Ssional class, and a majoi'ily had h'arned the rudiments of 
learning as taught in I lie schools of that day — that is, reading, 
wi'iliiig and arithmetic, as far as the single rule of three; hut 
tliere still I'lMuaijied a great numher of illiterates, mostly among 
the poor wliites from the slave states. A very democratic feel- 
ing was the [irevailing sentiment, yet there was a very distinct 
class feeling among tlie landholders, who tliouglit themselves 
superior to those who rented land or who lalioi'ed for them on 
the I'anns. Most (d' the large laiul owners, hesitles their own 
house, had several cabins on their land, occupied hy tenants 
who worked for them for a share; of the crops, or as day laborers. 
'^riiev usually kept one or two laborers, who li\'ed in Ihe house 
with them, and possibly a maid-servant, if thei'e were few^ 
daugliters in tlie family. Sucli persons wei'c always tri'ated as 
members of the I'amily, sa,t at the I'amilv table, and nnngled in 
the family circle, in an humble sort of way. Such was the 
custom, and the condition of tlie peo])le among whom I was l)orn. 
and with whom I sjx'nt my eaiiy life. I was born on a fai'm 
owned by my fntliei', sexcn miles west of Lancastei', on Muddy 
I'raii'ie IJuii, but when foui' years of age, my father moved into 
the brick house, on tlie home farm of my grandfather, who, 
with my grandmother, lived with us the remainder (d' their 
lives, 

THE COUNTRY SCHOOL. 

Twenty years before this time my grand Cat hei', with the 
tVvoperation of the Shellenlierger family, who owned the land 
adjoining him, had built a hewed-log school house on his land, 
about a hundred yards from his own house. This was a one- 
story struct ui'e. '2().\;50 feet, wilh a loft and a clapboard roof. 
On two sides, and at one end, a log was cut out the whole 
length, and filled with 8x10 window glass. At the other end 
was the door, and along the walls under the window extended 
a wide plank, on which tlu* writing was done. The benches 
were made of slabs, with legs inserted in augur boles. The 
bench next the wi'iting board was highest, then another bench a 
few inches lower, and last, the lowest Ijench on whicli the 
younger pupils sat. This left an aisle in the center, occupied 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 77 

by a large old-fashioned stove, which bore tlic legend: "Moses 
Dillon Licking Furnace." At' the head of the room stood a 
rough table of unplaned boards and a split-bottomed chair, 
which was the throne of the School-Master. At 8 o'clock school 
"took up," and at 10 there was a recess of fifteen minutes; at 
noon an hour, at 3 another recess and at 5 o'clock school "let out." 
'I'he age of the scholars ranged from five to twenty years, the 
boys being seated on one side and the girls on the other. Our 
books were tlic "American Spelling Book," the "Introduction," 
the "P^nglisli Reader" and the New Testament, all of which, 
save the latter, have long since been out of print. 

Such as were far enough advanced had foolscap 
writing paper sewed togetlier, to iruike a writing book, 
and at the top of the sheet the Master wrote in his best 
hand, often very bad, a copy. "Be virtuous and you will be 
happy," and similar old moral saws. They also had slates, u])on 
which thoy laboriously worked out sums in addition, subtraction, 
multiplication and division, while the very clever pupils ventured 
into fractions, and even into "single rule of three.;," which was 
the extreme limit to which the Master was expected to go. 
The teachers, as a rule, were Scotch-Irish, of American birth, 
with now and then an Englishman, or smart young native. 
There were gcnei'ally from thirty to forty pupils. The master 
would begin with the smaller ones, calling them one by one, and 
going over the alphabet several times with each; then the next 
larger, who could spell words of two or three letters; then those 
who could master two syllables, who were ranged on a line, 
and spelled in turn, those missing standing down the rank, to 
give space to the correct speller; then followed those advanced 
to three or more syllables, who went through the same exercise; 
then those who could read in the "Introduction," which con- 
tained no hard words, who in turn read sentences; then the 
advanced ones, who read from the "E'nglish Eeader," made up 
of selections from standard English authors. This round of 
classes consumed the time until recess. After recess those who 
studied arithmetic carried their slates, one by one, to the teacher, 
who looked over the work they had done, or the examples he 
had set for each, correcting and assisting the pnpil when at 
fault, after which he examined the copy books. The same pro- 
gram as before recess was afterwards gone through with the 



78 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

younger ones. The afternoon exereises were the same as those 
of the forenoon, with the addition of a general spelling class, 
consisting of all who had advanced to three syllables, and in 
that class there was great emulation as to who could get to the 
head of the class the oftener, the pupil once at the head being 
always put to the foot to work his way up again. During noon 
and at the recesses all sorts of play would be indulged in; the 
boys and girls in separate groups. 

The teacher, sitting on his split-bottomed chair, held in his 
hand nearly all the time a hazel rod, ten or twelve feet long. 
He could, as a rule, reach with it any pupil in the room, and 
woe to the delinquent, for detection and punishment were in- 
stantaneous. There were a great many rules, the infraction of 
which demanded the use of the rod, and many other directions 
not down in the rules, which incurred jiunishment. I am sure 
not a day passed that did not bring punishment to three or four 
unfortunates. There was no discriminaton made between the 
large and small pupils, although the girls very seldom got their 
just dues. Where, in many instances, a boy and girl were im- 
plicated, the girl escaped, and the boy got a double dose in the 
way of vicarious atonement. Parents never interfered, and the 
scholars took it all as a matter of course. The system has long 
since given wa}^ and, like the old school-house, been succeeded 
by better methods and more civilized educational practices. 

BALL GAMES. 

The ball games were of two kinds — '''town ball" 
and "Tiull pen ball." In the former, two boys with bats 
would stand opposite each other, about ten yards apart, with 
a pitcher behind each; the ball was thrown from one pitcher 
to the other, the batter attempting to strike it; if he suc- 
ceeded the batter ran alternately from each standing point, 
the pitcher meantime recovering the ball, and trying to put 
it in the base, which put the player out; the game was 
decided by the number of runs. In the other, four players 
were required on each side. The "ins" stationed themselves 
at the corners of a square of ten yards on each side, while the 
'^outs" were placed inside the square; the "ins" passed the ball 
rapidly from one to another, with the privilege of throwing it 
at any of these inside the square ; if he missed he was out, if he 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 79 

hit all four ran afield, and those of the inside caught up the 
ball and tried to hit one of the retreating ones; the one hit 
was put out. It was very active exercise, and some of the play- 
ers became very expert. Prisoner's base, wrestling and sham 
battles were also played. In the latter one side represented the 
Americans, and the other the British. The war of 1812 was 
still uppermost in their minds, and it was deemed quite dis- 
graceful to let the British whip. As fighting was quite an ordin- 
ary occurrence among grown men at all public gatherings, in 
imitation of their elders, many scraps took place among the 
boys. They were rough and tumble scuffles, where striking, 
scratching and biting were all tolerated, until one cried 
"enough," when the bystanders interfered and closed the battle. 
By the end of the term it became pretty well known by actual 
experiment, who was the "cock of the walk," and he was re- 
sjDected accordingly. 

To that old school-house I commenced going, when I was about 
five years of age, and continued till my tenth year. Among 
my school fellows were my cousins, John and James Pearce, 
sons of my aunt Diana Carpenter Pearce, Amanda, James and 
Elizabeth Carpenter, children of my uncle, "Hama" Carpenter; 
Isaac, Samuel, Angeline and Eebecca, children of my great 
aunt, Sallie Carpenter Koontz; David Carpenter, son of Ezra 
Carpenter; besides several others related to me on my mother's 
side. There were only a few years' .-difference in our ages, and 
we all stood fairly well in our classes. \ John Pearce and Ange- 
line Koontz were the very clever ones, and more frequently than 
others stood at the head of the class. All of these are now dead, 
with the exception of David, James and Amanda Carpenter. 
One of the oldest girls in the school was Betty Shellenberger. 
She afterwards married Mr. J. Lamott, and lived on her farm 
near Lancaster, to her eighty-fifth year] By the time I attained 
my tenth year, I had reached the limit of tKe school advantages — 
I could read, write and cypher. I was then sent to the school 
in town, as were also my cousins, Isaac and Samuel Koontz, 
and John and James Pearce. The school-house was a one-story 
brick structure near the residence of General George Sanderson, 
whose son, George, now living in Lancaster, over eighty years 
of age, was one of the pupils. Our home was two miles from 
town, and in the winter time I boarded with my father's cousins. 



80 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

eitlier the Ecv. Sanuiel, or l'*!'. l*;uil Carpenk'r. At the town 
sdiool 1 ('oiiimoiu'(>(.l tlu' sliulv oi' gi'ainiuai', which was one step 
beyond tlie countiy school, but with the exception that the 
teaeher was more competent, the..?chool was conducted much the 
same as the oue in the country. My hist teacher in the country 
school, was Uncle Daniel Kreider, as everyone caUed him. He 
was a cousin of my grandfather, and a grandson of Daniel Car- 
penter, a son of the emigrant, TTeinrich Zinnuerman. Uncle 
Daniel, was the father of Dr. j\r. Z. Kreider, the eminent physi- 
cian and surgeon of Tiancaster, with whom he ordinarily made 
his home, lie had uu't an accident in a runaway, wduch left 
him permanently lame, and as he could do nothing else he 
taught school as a |)astimi'. I have already told how much T. 
was indebted to him, and to my grandfather, for tlie stories and 
traditions of the family. The anecdotes and stories they told 
about the troublous times in 1755 and the following years would 
till a big book. If I had been a short-hand writer, I could have 
produced a volume, that would have had great interest for their 
descendants. IMost of tlie events related occurred before they 
were born, but their fathers, uncles and grandfathers had been 
active participants therein, and the fireside tales of their child- 
hood had become indelibly lixed in their memory. Colonel 
Boquet was the central tigure in most of their narratives, and, 
from their standpoint, was the greatest Indian fighter the world 
had proiluced. Next to him in im])ortance, stood IMichael Krei- 
der, father of Uncle Daniel, and son-in-law of Daniel Carpenter, 
lie was in the fore-front of the movement of the family from 
LancasfcM'. I'a., to Huntingdon on the Juniata, one of the first 
to build a hiuise in that town, and a mill on the river near the 
town, and for si'vernl years a most ]U'ominent citizen. It was 
he wlu^ built the lirst Hat-boat, then loaded it with flour and 
jiork. ran it in the spring Hood out of the Juniata into the 
Susquehanna, and thence to Baltimore City, to the great 
astonishment and satisfaction of all the mercantile community, 
who in honor of the event called a public meeting and gave 
him a grand rec(>ption ; also a ]nirse of money, for his successful 
navigation. In I79T he removed to Eoss County, Ohio, and 
there stimulated the commercial interests of the Scioto Yalley 
by repeating what he had done at Huntingdon. He built mills 
and ran tlat-boats, laden with Ibnir and pork, the first that were 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 81 

sent out of the Scioto into the Ohio, and the Mississippi, to New 
Orleans, You may rest assured that Uncle Daniel, and my 
grandfather, did justice to their heroes and to history. 

In the earliest period surplus products were sent in flat-boats 
from the mouth of Eush Creek; later on, about 1829-30, the 
Ohio canal was completed, connecting Lake Erie with the Ohio 
river. From that time it became the highway of foreign com- 
merce, and Lancaster began to lose ground, as a trading point, 
while Baltimore and other towns on the canal became shipping 
and trading points, to her detriment. This led to the building 
of the lateral canal, from Carroll to Lancaster, which was com- 
pleted in 1834. This was a great event in the history of Lan- 
caster, and from that date she has gradually prospered to the 
present time. The arrival of the first boat was a very memor- 
able occasion. Although only eight years of age at the time, I 
can vividly recall the stirring scenes. Thousands of people 
from the surrounding country assembled about a mile north of 
Lancaster at the Cold Spring, where, by the construction of the 
canal, a reservoir of water several acres in extent had been 
created. The canal had not been quite completed into the town, 
so the boat stopped there. The crowds were on the west side, 
and extended a long distance up the l)ank. All the military 
companies of the county had turned out, notably the "Lan- 
caster Blues," Captain Gabriel Carpenter, Lieutenant William 
Ferguson; the "Hocking Spies," from Berne Township, Captain 
Jonas A. Keam, Lieutenant Stump Crook, and companies from 
other places. As the boat floated in she was greeted by a dis- 
charge of artillery and a general fusillade by the militia, accom- 
panied by music from several bands. A grand barbecue, where 
all the people were fed, followed by speeches, closed the im- 
portant event. 

About 1838 the Hocking Valley Canal, extending 
from Lancaster to Athens, was put under contract and 
work begun. Mr. Samuel Carpenter, of Lancaster, chief engi- 
neer, under whose supervision the work was done, was my 
father's cousin, and on his staff, in a suljordinate capacity, was 
William Tecumseh Sherman, afterwards tlie celebrated general. 
He was then seventeen or eighteen years of age, a slender 
stripling, with very red hair, and not a person one would have 
picked out as destined to fill so large a page in history. My 



82 AUTOIiloaiiArilY OF 

fnllicr, ill |i;iil iicrsliip willi his bi'ol licr-iii-law, .Joseph Ch'iii, 
,-iii<l iiis ctiiisiiis, llciiry ( I:ir|K'nh'i' W'cidlcr, mid T'l-aiicis ('ai'pi'ii- 
tcr, l)rolli('r of .l*aul, and (jiihricl C'arpcnlcr, hiiili ahoiit ilve 
iiiilos of tlic caiKil, wliic'h j)asso(l lhi'oii<j,li our farm, iiuliidinf^ 
four h)rks. I( was a very cxcilin^' jKM'iod of my lil'*'. 1 llicii 
.I'oniicd IJie ac(]iiaiiita,i]ce of llio Irishmen, who came in large 
Dumbers io work on tlie eaiiah 'Vo facilitalo work, ihe coii- 
"•raeloi's eslahlished a l)hu;ksniilh and \\a,i;()n shop>, close Io our 
house, and a small village of shanlies sprnni^ up ucar-by, where 
]rish hoys of my own ai^c ahoiinded. All my iiino, wliile out" 
ol' school, was s})en( in (he shops, among" Ihe slone cullers, or as 
an amaleur driver of oxen or horses engaged in tlie woi'k. My 
favorile jilaee was Ihe l)lacksmi|]i shop, where now and llien, T 
was allowed Io hlow Ihe hellows or wield a hammer, and I made 
n}) my mind, Ihal when J grew up, I would slart a blacksmitK 
sliop of my own. 

cutANvii.ia': cohLi'XJi';. 

h'alhei', iiol liking my associations, concluded Io send 
nio (o (Jranville (\)llege, localcd al (Jranville, about 
twenty-live miles distant, which had a Preparatory School con- 
nected wilh il. 1 was sent in company witli I^'rancis Connell, 
later a hrolher-iii-law of (Ja))riel Carpenler, a boy about three 
years older Ihan myseH'. (Jranville (College tlien consisted of 
two greal wooden hai'rai'k-like huildings, each Ihree stories high, 
located ahoiil a mile west of Ihe lowii. It was a Baptist institu- 
tion, wilh four or live [)roressors, and two tutors. 'lM\ere were 
probably one hundi'ed and (il'ly students, ranging from twelve to 
tweiil V years of age, in attendance. 'I'h(> lower (loor of one Iniilding 
was divided into a. large dining room, a (^hapel and sevcn-al recita- 
tion rooms. All the rest of both buildings consisted of slei'ping 
rooms, abont ten by fifteen feet in size. These were furnished 
with a bed, straw mattrc^ss and bedding, a deal table, tbre(^ 
chairs, a small wash l)asin and })itch(>r, botli of tin, a roller-towel, 
an.l a diminutive looking glass, no t-arix't, and, as a whole, 
looking most desolate. A bell aroused lis at half-past T) o'clock 
in the summer and at <"> o'clock in the winter. We (Irst went 
to i)ra\'ers in lli ' (Miapel, from IIicih' to breakfast; studi(\« and 
recitations fnnu S io 1v' o'clock, then recess of two hours; then 
studies and recitations till live; studies in room, half-past seven 
to half-past nin(>; all lights out at ten. I was among the 



SEYMOUR 1). OAlil'MNTI'JIi. S3 

youiigcsL of my ra(li(;i''s I'liiiiily, aiid Ii;mI iKivcr Ix'cii from lioiiic, 
save vvlifii on visils anion;;- my i'cla(iv(!ri. 'I'lic prolVsHors and 
niaimgors of tlie collegt; were all J'rom N(iw l^iiij^land ; "Yaii- 
kooH," as wo callod them, with (lid^ircni hahitn oi' life from tliOHC 
to which I had hccn accnstonicd ; llir food and llio strict discip- 
line went a<^aiiist the ^raiii. Saturday we had a. fidl holiday, 
liiit Sunday we all dreaded. W(! wcjd, lo (Ilia|H'l al (he usual 
time, I hen lo hreakl'ast, vvlun'c eaeh one found heside iiis plate 
two good-sized doughnuts or a genuine piece of plain eake, 
which W(! wen; to eari'y away for our diiuKir. Then we had to 
wall< a mile lo the (own, for Sunday scIiocjI, at half-past luiui 
in the BaptiHt Church; Ihen (■a,m(! the sermon, always prosy, 
Mhlil (welve. '^riien uc ale our lunch, in m' ahout the chiii'ch, 
.i|'d at half-pasl <ine, anolhci' sernKUi, lasling till three; then 
hack to Ihe (College for supper. Afh-r supper we weid to an-. 
oilier !-;( rvice in the (!lia])el, aiul thence lo our rooms and l,o 
hed, (;,(ii'e|y worn out hy well doing. l''i'om (hat expeiience I 
irnhibod a distaste for religious Herviees, which ilnring a long 
life, I have never been able fully to (uadieate. 1 was su])r(Mnely 
unhappy, as were most of the hoys. I did a great deal of pri- 
vate erying, and wrote most dolefid hdic^i's to my molher, asking 
to be taken Jionie, but fatluir was inexorable and thought I 
would get used to it, or, at all events, that the diseipline would 
do m(; good. My room-mate, (Jonnell, was as much dissatisfied 
as myself, and ])ropos(;d that we should run away, but Ixjing 
only thirteen years old, I was afraid to do so. l^'inally ('onnell 
did Icavi; and weid, home, but in tlu; (;ours(! of ten days his 
parents seid, him back, after which J rec-oneiled myself (o liu,' 
iruwitable. It was th(; most unhappy year of my whole life, 
and since tbi-n I have always been opposed to sending ehildi-en 
away from iiome at so early a,n age. lint the end of (Ih; school 
year (;ame at last, and never did I a[)preciate \u)uu'., as I did 
when I arrived there, and met my mother. 

riAN(!AHTKR AOAIU^n'. 

|'\)r a con|ile al' years following I a( (ended I Ik; 
Academy of Samuel (J. Ilowe, a nojed (eaclier in 
Ijancasler al llia( day, where ak-o (Jeneral William '!'. 
Sh(!rman, and Si'ualor John Sherman, a( (ended when 
boys. My S(;hoolmates whom I rerru'ndtei- were .John, and .iames 
Pearce, my cousins; K. J*. J']lling(!r, liobert McNeil, Samuel 



84 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

Geisy, and John IE. Kinkaid, all of whom are now dead. By 
this time the canal had been finished to Athens; my fatiuM- had 
built a canal boat and hired a captain and crew, and was doing 
a freighting business. During the summer vacation, he let me 
take a trip to Cleveland, on Lake Erie. The boat was loaded with 
wheat, and towed by two horses, and made from twenty to 
twenty-five miles a day. It had a small cabin at each end, in 
one of which we took our meals, and slept in the other. The 
crew consisted of a captain, a steersman, a bow-man, a cook, and 
a boy who drove the team. I was the only passenger; the round 
trip took three or four weeks; no boy ever had a more enjoyable 
time than I, upon that journey. I explored every town en route; 
I was continually meeting strange people and things. And 
when we reached Cleveland I was completely carried away. 
A body of water whose other shore was out of sight, struck me 
with awe, the great sailing vessels, far exceeded the pictures 
that I had seen, and the steamboats were a new revelation. The 
city itself so far surpassed Lancaster, that I thought there 
could be few larger ones in the world. When I reached home, 
I was, by my boy companions, regarded as a traveled person, 
and I am quite sure that when I related by adventures, and the 
sights I had seen, that I took "Sinbad" for my model. This 
year another great event occurred in our family. The father of 
Gabriel, and Dr. Paul Carpenter, had recently died, and the 
latter had to make a visit to Lancaster, Pa., to assist in settling 
his estate. He persuaded my father to accompany him. My 
father was only six months old, when the family had left the old 
home in Pennsylvania, and was anxious to visit the place where 
the family had lived for a hundred years. Dr. Paul had a wife 
and two children, whom he wanted to take with him, and my 
father decided to take my mother, and sister Mary, aged four 
years, and my brother Brough, aged two. Paul's children were 
about the same age. They employed Sam Rudolph, who had a 
four-horse stage, for the journey. Leaving Lancaster in July, 
after driving thirteen days, they reached the old homestead of 
Christian Carpenter, Paul's father, where they remained about 
three weeks, visiting their relatives. 

But the great event of the time was in riding from 
Lancaster, Pennsylvania, to Philadelphia on a railroad. 
My mother's description of that trip, and especially 




Dr. PAUL CARPENTER, 

Lancaster, Ohio. 
Born 1810, Lancaster, Pa. 
Died 1880, Lancaster, Ohio. 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 85 

that of passing through a tunnel, was to us chihlrcn, most 
thrilling. Their return journey took fourteen days. Such a 
trip was very unusual in those days, almost the only people who 
went east were the merchants, who made yearly, or half yearly 
visits, to Philadelphia to huy goods, and the cattle-men, with 
droves of stock, to Baltimore and Philadelphia. So our travellers 
were looked up to as quite exceptional people, who had a 
standing subject of conversation which lasted for years. 

THE PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN OF 1810. 

The next year, 1840, made a strong impresssion on my memory. 
It was the time of the great campaign of "Tippecanoe and 
Tyler too." The entire population seemed to he in a general 
uproar. Liberty poles were erected by both parties at every 
election place, a great Log-Cabin was erected on the public ' 
square in Lancaster, adorned with numerous coon skins, and 
supplied with a barrel of hard cider, always on tap. Every 
school-house resounded with eloquence, every township had its 
cabins, and monstrous "Mass Meetings" were held in Lancaster, 
and adjoining County seats. A joint debate was held at the 
gathering in Lancaster, at which Richard M. Johnson, the can- 
didate for Vice President, United States, Senator Wm. Allen, 
and John Brough, upheld Democratic principles; and Tom 
Corwin, Samuel F. Vinton, and Tom Ewing, expounded Whig 
doctrines. All occupied the same platform. Dr. M. Z. Kreider 
was Chairman of the Democratic section, and Hocking H. 
Hunter of the Whigs. I only remember distinctly one cir- 
cumstance. Dr. Kreider, in leading forward, and introducing 
Eichard M. Johnson, held up one of Johnson's hands, that bore 
a scar, which the Doctor averred had resulted from a wound, 
received when he killed the redoubtable Indian Chief, Tecumseh, 
at the "Battle of the Thames." This brought forth a shout that 
fairly shook the ground. During the campaign. General Wm. 
H. Harrison, then the Whig candidate for the presidency, visited 
Lancaster, and was greeted by a tremendous assemblage. He 
was a tall, spare, stoop-shouldered man, with thin grayish locks, 
and not at all impressive; he was introduced by General Geo. 
Sanderson, who much resembled him in appearance, only that 
Sanderson wore his hair in a long cue, which hung down his 
back, the last representative of the old-style gentleman. General 



86 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

Harrison was the guest of Hon. Thomas Ewiiig, where he was 
serenaded in the evenijig, and made a short speeeh, from the 
front steps. 

I was now about fourteen years of age, and acquiring a liabit 
of reading wliicli lias continued tlirough life, it has been one of 
my greatest sources of pleasure. Books were not then plentiful 
in Ohio. In our house besides the Bible, there were ''Weeni's 
Life of Washington" and a life of Gen. Mai'ion, the life of Dan- 
iel Boone, short lives of several generals of the devolution, a his- 
tory of Ohio, Eobinson Crusoe, with Bunyan's Pilgrim's Prog- 
ress; and in the way ot.' Jiovels, Thaddeus of Warsaw, the Children 
of the Abbey, Alonzo and Melissa, the Scottish Chiefs, Tom Jones 
and Joseph Andrews. All of these books 1 had read and re- 
read, and would have been out of literary supplies, had J not 
been in ilu' good graces of one of my father's friends named 
James 1>. I'carcc, who was an early settler and neighbor of ours, 
in Berne township. Mr. Pearce was an Ihiglishman by birth, 
who ha.d come to America when (piite young, settling lirst in 
Connecticut, where he married, and later moved to Ohio. He 
was past fifty ycai's of age and carried on a small farm and 
also a carding-machine and fulliiig-niill. lie was (-ailed "Kuller 
Pearce," to distinguish him from the numerous other Pearces 
of the townshi]), all of whom were my relatives. He was a 
self-educated man, and a voluminous I'cacU'r, and had more books, 
it was said, than any num in Fairfield County. I fe gave me the 
full run of his library, and directed my reading. By the time 
I was fifteen years of age I had read EoUin's Ancient History, 
Hallam's Middle Ages, Hume's History of England, Gibbon's 
Decline and Pall of the Eoman Empire, and various other 
works. I have always felt that, outside of my own family, he 
was the best friend that I ever met. He not oidy loaned me 
the books, but talked with me of their contents, and made many 
wise philosophical suggestions. He was a highly conscientious, 
strictly moral, and very public-spirited man, but. for that day, 
very unorthodox, being Unitarian in belief. He lived to a 
great age, respected always by all who knew him. 

I was about this time, at the age of fifteen, again sent to 
Granville (^ollego in company with my cousin, Jam(>s Pearce, 
son of my uncle, John Van Pearce. TIu^ College buildings had 
been enlarged and oIluM-wise improved, but the mode of instruc- 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 87 

tion and (lie manner of lil'i^ wore much the same. I was okk^r, 
howevei', and hetter able to h(dd my own among my companions, 
and tliei'ct'ore was comparatively well coutt'nted. There, with 
the exception of vacations, 1 remained for two years, not making 
as much progress as 1 might have done, and getting into the 
usual numher of scrapes incident to a scliool life. For some 
years previous to this time Dr. John Williams had been con- 
ducting a High School, about four miles uortli of Lancaster, 
with great success. With increasing reputation and patronage, 
he had been enabled to enlarge his school by the erection of a 
large boarding and lodging house, for pupils. My cousin and 
I were taken from Granville and placed with Dr. Williams, 
where most of the leading people of Lancaster and adjoining 
country were sending their boys. There I had as fellow pupils 
Thonuis Ewing, John M. Connell, John T. Brasse, Henry' 
Duble, Willis Williams, Ezra Van Metre, Samuel C. Koontz, 
James McCIeary, Samuel Breck, Samuel Graybill, Samuel An- 
derson, Oliver Chancy, Louis Von Eoden, George L. Sites, 
Peter Finefrock, Newton Schleich, Ira Atwood and many others 
whose names I cannot recall. Most of those whom I have named 
lived to attain distinction in various walks of life, and during 
the war, some held high military rank. There I remained three 
years, and acquired what little learning, in the way of books, T 
have ever had. Dr. Williams was in every way a most estimable 
man, very modest and retiring, but with an exceedingly great 
faculty for interesting his pupils, and imparting knowledge. 
Ho at once secured their confidence, and in some subtle manner 
set them to thinking for themselves, which he said was the 
basis of all true teaching. 

THE SCHOOL-MASTER^ ABROAD. 

After three years — pleasant ones — I finished the 
course of studies mapped out, and concluded that I 
must do something. It was very customary in those days for 
young men after finishing school, to engage as teachers of coun- 
try schools for a year or two, before entering into active life. 
The majority of the leading professional men of Lancaster 
began their careers as school masters. I was entirely willing 
to follow the beaten track, but was not willing to seek a situa- 
tion near home. I had inherited the roving disposition of "Old 



88 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

Ileinricli/' which lins stuck to me all through life. I had heard 
a great deal about the "South," from old men wlio had uiade trips 
to New Orleans l)y tlal-boats, and returned lioiiie on horseback 
by tlie way of iNashville and Louisville. There was a romance 
about the "Southern Chivalry" very attractive to all the young 
men. 1 insisted upon going to the southern country, where 1 
had heard School Masters wore in demand, and where wnges 
were high. Father and mother were opposed to such a scheme 
because of my youth; I was then nineteen years of age. I 
slioidd })robably have failed in my plan lind not my cousin, 
John Car]ienter Pearce, who was three years tny senior, also 
resolved to make such a trip. tJolin was a very clever young 
man, and stood high with the family, who had great confidence 
in his ability and discretion. By our combined elforts we 
secured the consent of our parents, and about tlie middle of 
March, 184(5, set out on our jouiaiey without any fixed destina- 
tion; we were simply "(1oing down South."" We were each 
fitted out. witli a good liorse, sa(hlh% Iji^iiUe. a pair o( leather 
saddle-bags in whieh to i-arry our I'lothing. and ^M in money. 
Our first objective ]ioint was Ciiuinnati. There was no turn- 
pik(^ at that lime l)etw(H'n Laiu^ash^r and that city, and the 
dii't I'oads were t'\ei'ral)le. A\'e made our tlrst stop near Circle- 
\ille among our relali\('s, the \'an Metres, where we were re- 
garded imuli as 1 suppose the ptniplo of Cadiz looked upon 
(\)lumbus. when he set out upon his vcnag(* over unknown seas. 
Wo then moved on thrtnigh the mud by the way of Washington 
(■ourt House and Wilmington, to Deerfield, on the Little ]\riami. 
'^IMiere we stop[)ed three ov four days among other relative's named 
A'^an ]\Ietre. My cousin John was a musician, both vocal and 
instrumental, and carried with him a flute, and a small accor- 
deon. Then for the first time T leai'ued that his accomplish- 
ments were useful. On two or three occasions wIumi we stopped 
over night at farm houses John so entertained and delighted our 
hosts that they made no charges; like the immortal Coldsmith, 
we literally traveled on wind. We found numerous cousins at 
Deerfield, whom we had never before seen, and among them, 
John was a great lion, foi- he not only gave them music, but 
was an inimitable raconteur, and had a large stock of excellent 
stories, which he dealt out on tlu^ sliglitest provocation. To 
prolong our stay, they got \\\) a ball at the ])riiu'ipal hi>tel, and 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 89 

as both of lis had graduated at a dancing school^ we were able to 
cu^, a wide swath. It was at Deerfield, that I saw my first rail- 
road, just completed from Cincinmiti, thirty miles distant, 
over which the cars made the run in two hours. I looked upon 
it with awe and astonishment. We parted from our kind rela- 
tives with mutual regret, and, after a hard day's ride, reached 
Cincinnati, then the largest city west of the Allegheny moun- 
tains. We put up at the Hotel of Colonel John Noble, for- 
merly of Lancaster, and there met John Duble, who was about 
our age, so that we felt we were still among friends. Cleve- 
land, which I had visited several years before, had up to that 
time been my beau ideal of a great city, but Cincinnati sur- 
passed it in every particular. The great buildings, the thronged 
streets, the attractive stores, and, above all, the numerous steam- 
boats at tlie wharf, and plying up and down the river, filled 
me with admiration. We passed two or three days roaming 
about, seeing the strange sights. Then occurred a circumstance 
that filled me with the gravest apprehension. At the hotel there 
was stopping an agent of a large book concern, wlio made the 
acquaintance of cousin John, which ended in his making him 
an offer of a traveling agency for the distribution of their pub- 
lications. It was so tempting that John could not refuse it, 
but in accepting he broke up all our previous arrangements. 
They had no situation suited to my qualifications, and I refused 
the offer of a clerkship in a store, as licneath my dignity. I 
was in sore straits as to what I could do ; I could not think of 
returning home. I hesitated whether to lide south, through 
Kentucky, or lake my horse aboard a steamboat, and go ])y 
water to Memphis, Tennessee, a distance of 750 miles. There 
were no regular lines of Steamers as at a later day, but each one 
ran independent, and gathered freight at the various towns, and 
cities on its own accord. Several were advertised for New 
Orleans, and I chose to risk my fortunes on the "General 
Scott," which seemed the best appointed. On the first of April 
I took a tearful leave of Cousin John, who stayed with me till 
the last bell rang and we were off. That was one of the most 
painful events of my life. I had many misgivings, and heartily 
wished that I had never left home; but very soon the excitement 
of the surroundings, the noise of the machinery, and escaping 
steam, the bustle and hurry of the officers and deck hands in 



90 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

arranging their freiglit, the innumerable strange faces, and the 
gaudy splendor of the long cabin, extending from one end of 
tlio boat to the other, restored me to my usual state of mind, 
and revived in me, the spirit of adveiiture. On each side of the 
long cabin were state-rooms, with two bunks, one above the 
other, and a door opening into the cabin, and another out on to 
the guard, about four feet wide, which extended the length of 
the boat. At tlie front end of the cabin was a Bar, adorned by 
large mirrors and a profusion of glassware, where liquors of 
all kinds and cigars, could be had at all hours of the day and 
night. Along the middle of the cabin was a long table, where 
we toolc our meals; about one-third of the rear end oC it was 
cut oif from the rest by a flaming red curtain, which s('})arated 
the male from the female passengers. To my inexperienced eye 
everything seemed grand, and 1 sincerely believed that 1 was upon 
a "Floating Palace," surrounded by all the luxuries enjoyed by 
princes, and other folks of high degree. We had started in the 
morning. I spent the time mostly on the forward deck enjoy- 
ing the scenery, and looking at the numerous flat-boats slowly 
floating witli the current, which at that day were very numer- 
ous, but have now entirely disappeared. We frequently met 
other steamers, and the sliouts from one to another produced 
extra excitement. About 11 o'clock in the morning T heard a bustle 
in the cabin, and looking in, saw about twenty colored servant^, 
in white jackets, spreading table cloths, and distributing dishes. 
Then they began to bring in large platters of food, which they 
spread uj) and down the table. At that age, my appetite was 
first -class, nnd 1 foresaw a great feast. Many of the dishes were 
new to me, but they all looked inviting. Presently the captain 
came in, went into the ladies' cabin and in a few minutes re- 
turned, followed by the ladies and gentlemen, who occupied that 
part of the boat. lie took the head of the table, and they the 
sides next him ; then the bell sounded and the rest of us took our 
seats. I did my full duty as a trencherman, and was eminently 
satisfied with the whole proceeding, and did not fail to test 
all the new viands within reach. This operation, repeated three 
times a day, was to me not at all monotonous. When night 
came another strange view was presented. The long table was 
separated and changed into a number of smaller ones. Upon 
one was placed a "roulette outfit," on another a "dice" table, 
and the others were occupied by card players. T had seen 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 91 

gambling in a moderate way, at the Lancaster horse races, but 
this was far beyond my previous experience, and what surprised 
me still further, was tliai at least threci-roiirilis of the ])assengers 
took part in the games. Large stakes were made, and the piles 
of money koked huge to nui, and while the game went on, the 
conviviality increased, for generally ea(;h player was Hanked by 
a glass, which contained something stronger than water, and was 
very often replenished. I was invited to join, but fortunately 
did not understand tlie play. These days I never drank any- 
thing but water, but had learned to smoke, and in order not to 
be left out of the swim, I sported a cigar, and looked on with 
an assumed air of wisdom. I thought I was learning real life 
very rapidly. The festivity was kept up to a late hour, long 
after I had retired. I had for a cabin-male a middle aged 
merchant, going to New Orleans to replenish his stock of goods. 
He was a kind-hearted and sensible man, to whom I confided 
all my plans and aspirations. He thought I ought to have 
accepted the proffered clerkship, saying that I might in time 
have become a great merchant, which was much better than 
being either a preacher, lawyer or doctor; but he consoled me 
by saying that school masters were at least wanted in the South, 
yet he did not believe that I would like the country or the 
people. He ended his homily by warning against the gambling, 
for there were several professional "black legs" aboard who 
would inevitably, in the end, get all the money, and if I failed in 
the South, and returned to Cincinnati, he would find me a situ- 
ation. I appreciated his advice and felt encouraged by his good 
opinion of me. The following days were a repetition of the 
first, with the exception that after the fii'st night, impromptu 
dances were gotten up in the ladies' cabin, which I attended 
with great satisfaction. On April Gth we reached Memphis, 
all too soon, so far as I was concerned. The whole trip had been 
a gala time, and I would gladly have continued it indefinitely. 



CHAPTER VI. 

LIEE IN SOUTHLAND. 

Memphis iu 181G, contaiiKul from 12,000 to 15,000 inhabi- 
tanfa, and was the great eotton-mart for West Tennessee, and 
North Mississippi, where, during the busy season, hundreds of 
teams dail}^ thronged the streets. When I landed several steamers 
were lying at the wharf, and there seemed to be acres of 
cotton-bales lining the bank. Not being accustomed to seeing 
colored people, it seemed to me that pretty much the whole 
popuhition Avas black. Hundreds of them were rolling the bales 
u})()n the steamers, and there for the first time, I saw the whip 
used on grown men.The slave-drivers poured a continual stream of 
oaths, very often combined with the lash. It was a very horrid 
sight to me, but gradually we may become accustomed to all 
sorts of enormities. I got my horse and belongings on shore, 
and rode up into the town, stopping at the Commercial Hotel, 
whose host I found to be Colonel Houston, a brother of the 
redoutable General Sam Houston, of Texas fame. 

The Colonel was a very tall man, over six feet, and large in 
proportion, with a genial manner, and typical Southern air. 
Plis nose was (piite rubicund, suggesting many visits to an 
adjacent bar, which was a prominent feature of his establish- 
ment, and where he soon invited me to refresh myself, as he 
expressed it, "at the expense of the house." Upon my politely 
declining I think I depreciated myself in the Colonel's estima- 
tion. To my inquiries about the country and the chances of a 
wandering school-master, he broke forth into a eulogy of the 
(nitire South, and that particular section, which he considered 
the garden of earth, with a heavenly climate, and capable of 
producing more cotton and corn, than any other spot of the 
world, all of which was brought to Memphis, then fast becom- 
ing the metropolis of that section. As to getting on in the 
world, everybody did that, and it was only the question of a 
short time, when all would be rich, with cotton at ten cents a 
pound. I stayed with the hospitable Colonel until the next 
morning, and then started on the road eastward into the inte- 
rior. I met innumerable wagons drawn by nudes, and driven 
by negroes, all loaded with cotton. The negroes were dirty and 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 93 

ragged; the mules were in good condition, but the harness was 
of the most primitive character — woolen harness, iron trace- 
chains, and rope lines. The colored people seemed cheerful, 
and were continuall}^ shouting to their teams and to each other, 
or singing at the top of their voices. I was greatly disappointed 
with the appearance of the country, whose improvements were 
far behind those of Ohio. The fine mansions that I had figured 
in my imagination were conspicuous by their absence. The 
houses near the road were of hewed logs, and all wore an air of 
chronic neglect and dilapidation. Every five or six miles, at 
a cross-road, I would strike a small store and grocery combined, 
such as "Petroleum V. Nasby" so graphically described when 
he wrote of the "Confederate Cross Eoads;" a blacksmith shop 
and a few cabins completed the scene. The usual band of 
loafers were sitting about, all chewing tobacco, and making fre- 
quent calls at the counter, where whiskey was the staple article 
in demand. My appearance at such places at once aroused great 
curiosity and elicited many questions. They critically looked 
me and my horse over, and with extreme candor and frankness 
"They reckoned that I might be one of those 'fellers' that went 
around selling goods to the storekeepers or that I might be the 
agent for a slave dealer, visiting plantations to sell 'niggers.' " 
When they learned my real business they lost all interest, and 
knew nothing about schools, and by their manner intimated that 
they cared less. Now and then, at long intervals, I saw a few 
pretty large and respectable frame houses, and near by them a 
cluster of cabins. Those I knew, must be the famed Southern 
Homes of my imagination. They were all quite a distance 
from the road, and during that day I visited none of them. I 
passed the night at a cross-road tavern, which was a two-story 
log structure, with furniture of the rudest character. The bill 
of fare was corn bread, bacon, a few vegetables and black coffee. 
I slept upon a corn-husk mattress, the first that I had ever 
seen. The people were friendly and talkative, with an accent 
very different from that of the people of the North ; in ^^neral 
information and mode of life, quite inferior to them. I There 
were, they said, a few schools and "School Masters" ab(iTit,l3ut 
they did not send their children; the people who did so were 
generally the rich planters. The next night I ventured to leave 
the road to apply for a lodging in one of the large houses which 



IH 



AiJ'i'oit/odicArin or 



I liinc iiiciil ioiicd. 'rii('\' i('ccivi'(l nic ill- oiicc, iirul I Wiiri moHl; 
lli'rcciilil V ; iii|H-|;'c(l l)\ nicclin;' :iii i lilcllin-ciil, ;tii( Ininiii, who 
\\ I'lcdiiH'il iiic liciii'lih, iiimI ml njiliii'i'd mr In In, rmiiilv, Siiyiii^' 
lie Willi ill\\il\ |>l('il;('(l In liU'rl ;ili(l (■lilrrl;iiii ; ,| la ii;'rri;, liol liiilllV 
of wlidlii raiiic |i) III:: linii: c 'I'lii:: i'i'('('|iliuii clicci'cd liir il|i, aiitl 
I il i;;i'nvri-c(l Ihal llicrc wan an iiiiiiicinc i| i llViiinc liclwcrii llic 
|ilaiili'|-::, ami rici|iiciilcr:: of lliccro;:' road la\cni::. 'I'lilS ;^;riil Ic 
man had I'crciM'd a cdllc;'!' ('diicalmn, and hi:; wile and childi'i'il 
wciT tidlnii'd. 'I'lif hiiiiH' vviiH iinl very hir'M', Hcvcii or ciidil 
I'ooiiU'i, and \\a:i comrorlahlv InriiLhi'd. Ili' oll'i'ird Ihc miial 
lliiid nd'rcshmcnl , which I wa;; a;'aiii ()hli;M'd In decline, hid. I 
readd\ jdined in cninLMi;' afler a ::n|i|ier, in which c(n-n hread 
lli'iired larj'elv, Ihi're hein;-; Iwo or I h ree vai'ielii'S. Olherwisi! 
Ihc meal wa:: iiiiich llie ;:a!ne a:: Ihal (d' oiir well |o do rariiiei'H 
al home, while Ihc StMilhcrn lahle had a ;',rcal ileal more i.ilver 
(.hail wa:i usual wilh ii::. 

Leariiiii;^'; why, and for whal |)iir|io;^e I was in the coimiry, 
Tic Hilid lliere was a woclnl deliciencN of cdiical lonal lacdilics; 
Ihal Ihe |d:iiil;il loll,: were lar;'f, conia i ni ii;', Iwo or Ihree llioil- 
i:and acre:: each, and Ihe lioil::e:: were nece:;;:a ril v loliv diidailct'H 
a|iarl, loo Far, a;: a ndc, I'oi' ::mall chddreii lo allcnd a common 
Hcliool •, Ihal Ihey had no leiiaid ranner;!, wdio iiii;dd wani n 
Mchool for llieir children. 'I'he |iooi' while;:, siicli a:: I hail mcl. 
al. Ihc cro;::; idad;:, were all diderale and waiile(l no scIiooIh. 
i'l'vcii if lhc\ did, he wmild no| ha\(' lii:;chddi-en a;;;:oeiale wilh 
Hiich |ie(p|di' Thai III III;; own ca::c hi;; wife had lanidil his 
daii'diici; , iiidil llic\ were old enonidi lo hi' ::enl awa\ lo ;;chool, 
and lh;il now Ihc da iijdilci';; wci-c Icachin;' Ihe yoiinj'^ci- chddi-cn, 
liidd Mich lime a: lhe\ wei'c ad\aiiced ciioiivh lo he ;:cnl nway 
III liini. lie did no| doiihl, liowe\ei', Ihal h\ a lillle lookiii<>; 
ahold, I coiild liml ::oiiie place where Iwo oi' I h icc |il;iidci';; coiild 
liiiilc loi'clher, and ha\e a common |e;ichei' I'oi' Ihcii- children. 
Thai he wa;: ;ici|ii;i ml cd wilh Ihe lc;ichc|- id' a ;:cliool in 1 lolly 
S|n-in;';;, Ihe coiinh ;:eal, lo whom he wonld r,l\<' me a lellci", 
and Ihidiirh limi I miidil lind whal I waidcd. I Icfl my new 
fiaciid III Ihc nioi'iim:' wilh mam lliank:;; I had lacl enoii!';h 
lo |iereei\(' Ihal I woiilil ollcnd him hv leiidcriii!'; |ia\ineiil, and 
Hlriick oiil I'oi' IIoll\ S|H'iii;';;, lil'lecn mile;; away. When ahoid 
fhc mile;; ri'om Ihe lowii, ;d ;iii i n lci;:cc| me I'oad, I was joined 
l>y a middle at'i'd <>('id Icinan, Willi an amiahle connloniincc. 



.s7;v,i/nr/,' It (' I /.•/■/; A"/'/;/.- 



or. 



wril (lr(';;;ic(l mid !'.|il('ii(l k 1 1 \ iiKMiiilcd. lie ;il once (•i|i'ii;'('(l nu! 
ill ('(iii\('i': ;il Hill, ;inil when I had li>ld w li>> I \\a/, and whal I wait 
ill HClircIl id', III' al olirr ;iaiil I wa;; llir vrry prn mi lir \VII:I 
looking' lor; llial lir livnl aliiiid live iiiilr;; iiwiiy, and \va;; ,",i'i'i,'' 
to I lolly S|)i"ilif',n III ii'arcli id' iiniiii' oiir wim ciuild Irarli hiii 
Hiiii;;, and llir rliildirii id' I \\ n iidjjiri'id |daidi'r:. I lor mirr, it 
iili/rd Ihal "llir Lmil lakr;; rjiir id' \\\i\ iiwii," niid iiiriilally run 
sidi'M'd lll\;.rir iHir id' llir I'Ircl. Mr ."ilid llill llllllir Willi ('lipjdiill, 
"Mlljni- .loliii II. ('In|dnil," llial lir had ;iryr|| -i.llll, llir rldiV.I, 
(•iidilrrii and nllirr;'. \ iiiinyr r. Thai In,. iiri;dili(ii', ('idiuiil • 'In y 
inn, had ri;dil rhildrni, and llial aiinlhri' iiri;dil>ni . .Iiid^^n 
McAlrxandrr, had a: iiian\' iiiorr ; Ihal llirrr uiinaii riiiply hniiHO 
nctii' a rhiii'rh, and ahmil ri|iial diidamr rniin rarh id' llicir 
lioiiirs, \yliirli wniild dii I'nr a "SiIhmiI I I iiii;;r," a ml a 1 1 Ihal VVII!^ 
vviiiiliiii' \ya;; ji Irailirr. 'I'lirn Ihr iMajui- hryan In lunk iiir nyrr, 
1111(1 vriiliiird llir rrniaik Ihal I Hrriiird |»i('lly yoiiliii; for ll 
l.cncliri'. I a:.;;iiiiird a;i idd an air iin |towiililr, niid Ulliil I Willi 
liriirly Iwnily, and had ;',|iriil niany yriii'H in anpi i ii n;; an rdii 

Clllion. "\'rl\ WrII," hr iaid. "\\r will ;'ii In ijiilly S|»rilli;H, 
llliil I will ha\r Ihr Irarhrr llirrr rsaiiiiiir \iMi. If hr iiii,yii you 
(irr ri)|ii|(rlrlll , I will lakr \iill lliillir uilll llir, and yoll illlilll 
liiivr ii lair Inal." W'lirii wr airi\ri| m lnwii, I rmind Ihal Ihr 
(V\aillllirr wa:: Ihr lUlllli' Irarhrr, III whiilll I had Ihr Irlirr id' 
iiil ripiliirl mil. 'I'lir r\ii 111 llial mil, whnli wai', of ii, vrry iinl'iinr 
lory cliiirnclcr, wan had al mirr, and I wiiH f(iv('ii a wrillrii 
|ia|M'i', rrrl i fyiii;' I lial I wa riiiii{ii'lrid In Imrh nml hniial ini and 
Ihr laii;'iuii';rM, iil'Irr whuli Ihr iii;i|iir and I, mdr hark In liin 
llllllir, Im mdr;; rriim Ihr luwii. Ill, hmir wai; a lai';'i' dmihlr, 
lirwrd li)i', liiiir.r, a :'.liir\' and a hall hi;di, wilh a Iwriih I'lml. 
Spilrr lii'lwrrn Ihr hii i Id i ii"; , Ihr whnlr iiiidrr Ihr ;;iiiiir rMid", 
wilh II nhrd riinf r\|r||i|||i;' hark III' rarh n\' Ihr hll I Id i ii;'i •, whrrr 
llir holier wa;i iiiil\' iiiir ;|iir\, 'I'lirri' wrrr I'liiir larvr rnoiiiM 
hclow, and Iwo ahoyr, and Ihr widr hall, wlirir Ihr faniily mil. 
lim, I id' Ihr liiiir. 'I'lir I ii 1 1 1 d 1 1 ly wa;: w 111 Irwai'hrd, and ;|iiuil in 
II, pail, id' lilir Irrr;,, ahiilll Iwrnly anr;', III rvlrid. nil' In niir 
nidr, ahiiiil a hiindrrd \'aril;i diidaid, wrrr Ihr nr^'in rahiiiM, 
iihniil Iwndy m niiinhrr; williin lifly I'rrl, wa;. Ihr kdihrii, a, 
l(i,r,iM' rahin ahuiil Iwnily I'rrl ;i|iiarr. I'.arl, nf Ihr main luiild 
ili;^, ahitiii- lil'ly yiirdi; driaiil, and Ihr ;:ainr dii.lanir rinni rarh 
ollirr, vyrrr lirwrd In;' lunrr , niir clnry hi'di, and al n iiryro 



LOfC 



9G AUTOBIOaUAPllY OF 

quarters. The liouse was comfortably furnished, there being 
niaiiy old rnaho^^any pieces, incJudinfr a sideboard, and two four- 
])()sL bedsteads, with canopies, which ()(;euj)i('d one of the large 
fj'oiit rooins, that served as a guest chamber, as well as a parlor. 
The bed-spreads and pillows in this show-room were profusely 
embellislied witli rullles. Thei'C were; no carpets or rugs. Sev- 
eral large mirrors adorned the walls, 'i'bc Major's wife a 
cultured, amiable, pretty woman, and as the mother of eight 
cliil(h-cii, looked very young. 'V\w seven boys were all very sinrdy 
chaps, while ilie youngest, a dangbter, was a winning child of 
three years. In addition, there was the Major's fatber, a genth;- 
nian of tlie old seliool, about seveniy years of age, and his daugh- 
ter, just verging on old maidenhood, sprightly and airish. The 
Major's wife, and six younger children, occupied the main house. 
The old I'alliei' and the daiigiitei', oeeii|iie(l one of (he one-story 
houses, and Ihe two older boys, myself and tlie overseer, the 
olher. [ mention these ])articnlars, as T spent the next seven 
nionlhs with lliat fatnily very hajipily in ihat bouse. I'oth 
the Major and his wife, treated me in a, paternal manner, and 
I soon became Imnd and glove, wiib Ihe two older boys, ''{''here 
W(>r(> about 100 slaves, of l)olb seves and sizes, wlio lived in the 
quarlers, each fainily having- a cabin, willi a small vegetable 
garden attached. 

'i'he Major al once called upon (he olher I wo planiers inlei'- 
este(] in Ihe school, "^rhey set to work and had Ihe old cabin, 
near the cluirch, renovated and repaired, and in about a week 
I opened the school with sixteen ])npils, five girls, the rest boys, 
ranging from eigbleen down lo six years. \ few had to h^arn 
llieii- lellers; others studied arithmetic, geography and gram- 
mai'. ()\\Y school hours wc^'o from to 12 and from 1 to 4, 
with a fifleen minute recess, foi'enoon and aft(>rnooTi. N^one 
were far cnougli advanced to seriously tax my abilities, and 
very little disci])line was required; in fact, T had an easy and 
pleasant tinu', with Satui'day and Sunday entirely free. My 
compensation was $r)0 per month, with board and washing free, 
wliieli to me seemed a large salary, being twice as much as I 
would have been ])aid in Ohio. We breakfasted at seven; a 
black boy brought us a g(merous lunch at noon, and we had 
supper at half-past six. During the week before the school 
began, 1 rode with the eldest sons to the stoi'e of a neighboring 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 97 

cross roads, where we met an old planter, wlio admired my liorse, 
and asked if ho was for sale. Not havin<( aiiy use for him, [ 
said yes. Ho asked the price; I said $1^0. He said the price 
was too high, hut that ho had a gold wateh worth $150, which 
he would trad(! for him, at the same time showing, vvliiit I 
thought was a very fine timepiece, and as T had n(!ver ownx'd a 
watch, and needed one for school duties, I thought I would 
trade, hut asked $40 lo hoot, secretly resolving that T would 
trade, hoot or no hoot. The gold chain atlaehed particularly 
took my eye. He said $40 was too much, hut ho would split 
the difference and give me $20, and I accepted at once. \\q 
took the horse, and I the watch and chain. I walked hoine iu 
great glee, displaying the chain over my vest, to the best, advanr, 
tage, when I met the Major, and boasted of my great bargain. 
He looked at my new property, said the watch and chain was 
worth at the outside, not more than $50, and T had got nothing 
for my saddle and bridle, which were worth at least $20. I felt 
very much as did Moses, in the Vicar of Wakefield, after his 
horse trade. The Major proposed to remonstrate with the man, 
but I concluded to "grin and bear it." Th(! Major was a devout 
Methodist Jind held religious services night and morning. lEe 
was not an edueaL(;d man, and did not venture on extempora- 
neous prayers, but read from a book. Ev(!ning prayer was about 
8 o'clock, Jind ;ill llie fjirnily assembled in the dining room; as 
the prayer was pretty long, the three younger boys invariably 
went to sleep during thr; service. While saying grace at tal)le 
the colored boy who ke|)t off the flies, wilh long peacock j)lumes, 
while not attending strictly to business, would occasionally give 
the Major a brush in the face. He would pause, opr^n his eyes, 
and seize the delinquent by the ear, whir:}i sometinu^s I feanjd 
he would tear off, then closing his eyes again, ho would con- 
clude. On Saturdays w(; went hunting or fishing, or, if the 
weather was not pro[)ilious, we sat in the hall, where T road for 
the ivfajor's edification from d'Aubignfi's History of the Tlefor- 
mation, it being about the only book, aside from the Bible, 
in the house. Sunday was a great day; all, old and young, 
white and black, went to church. 'I'he [)onderous carriage was 
brought out, which carried the old g(;ntleman, Mrs. and Miss 
Clopton, and some of the smaller children. The Major and the 
rest of us, went on horsfiback ; the negroes walked in ;\ proces- 



98 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

sioii, headed by one of the old(>?t, who cari'ied a written pass, al- 
lowing tlieni to go, and return, from cliureh. The (!hureh bnihl- 
ing was two miles away, and if the day was fair, there would be 
a large congregation, sometimes as many as fifteen or twenty 
carriages, for every planter of aiiy standing had one. And the 
woods were full of horses and swarmed with the colored people. 
They were not allowed in the cluirch, but l)aek of the ])ul])it was 
always a large window which had only a shutter; in fact, none 
of the windows were glazed, and the colored people occupied 
rude benches on the outside of the building, where they could 
hear, but not see very much. tJerorc and after service there was 
much visiting among the old folks, and a great deal of flirting 
among the younger ones. Occasionally the Major would take 
guests home to dinner, or would himself dine with some of his 
friends. His liouse was the headquarters for the preachers, and 
on his porch I laid in a stock of theology, which has lasted all 
through my life. There were only two denominations in that 
part of the country — the Methodist and the Baptist, the former 
predominating. In the fall there was a Camp-Meeting held 
about six miles from our house, which lasted a week. School 
was dismissed, and all re})aired to the camp-ground. There 
were no tents; wood buildings were l)uilt al)out the Square, con- 
structed much as their houses, with a wide hall through the 
center, and a long kitchen extending in the rear. The Major, 
his wife and some of the children remained on the ground all the 
time, while the rest of us went home at night. He kept a four- 
horse team, hauling daily supplies to the camp-ground, and 
dined fifty or sixty people daily. It was one of the great times 
of my life, for by that time I had made many acquaintances, 
the Southern young people being very sociable. The colored 
people held their services in a shed, about a hundred yards from 
the white people, and I never heard more moving music than 
their singing, especially at night, when, as they said, "The 
power got hold of them." I thus had a pretty good opportunity 
for studying slavery, as it existed on a cotton ])lantation, fifteen 
years before the war. I very easily fell into the habit of being 
waited on, and having servants at my beck and call, all the time. 
In the early part of the season, while the cotton and corn was 
being cultivated, they did not seem to have a particularly hard 
time, and during that season very few of them WTre punished. 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 99 

The bell rang at daylight, Ihoy had their breakfast, and imme- 
diately went to the fields. If working near their cabins they 
came in at noon for an hour, after which they worked till sun- 
down, then came home and cooked tlieir supper. Men, women 
and children old enough, all worked in the fields. 'I'liey used 
mules in cultivation exclusively. Each family liad a garden, 
where tluy raised their own vegetables; I hey were also 
allowed to raise chickens, and now and then one had a pig. 
They were allowed to sell their chickens, and in that way got 
money to buy Sunday clothes, and on Sunday most of them 
were fairly w(.'ll dressed. Their hard time began when cotton 
picking commenced, which was late in September, and lasted 
until Christmas. The laborers on a cotton plantation could al- 
ways cultivate more cotton than they could gather, and hence 
the great need of promptly securing the crop, which would go 
to waste unless picked in due season. As soon as the cotton 
balls began to open all hands, big and little, were taken to the 
field. The hours of work were changed. At daylight the bell 
sounded, and all went to work before having their breakfast; 
at 10 o'clock a team hauled out their food for the first meal, 
which consisted of corn bread, bacon and sweet potatoes or 
gre(ms. They were allowed half an hour for the meal, then they 
set to work again and continued until it was so dark that they 
could not see a cotton boll. Each person bad a sack suspended 
about the neck, into which the cotton was put. When the sack 
was filled it was eni])tied into an individual basket, which was 
duly numbered. Tbe amount that each one was required to 
pick was determined by age and dexterity. There was great 
diirerenee in the amounts, some having naturally m.uch greater 
skill than others. The work, 1 presume, is something like 
type setting. When each individual amount was once determined, 
the person was expected to produce that much every night. The 
overseers blew a horn when the time came to stop, and the bas- 
kets were all collected. In the meantime four-horse wagons, 
with wide racks, had been brought from the barns. The roll 
was then called, each in turn bringing his basket, which was 
weighed and placed upon the wagon. Those persons whose 
weight fell short, were ranged in a line, and as soon as the load- 
ing was completed, were subjected to the lash, without regard to 
sex or age. The amount of punishment was pi'oportioned to 



100 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

the deficiency. The method was to make the sufferer lie on 
the ground^ face downward, whik^ the Overseer stood a few 
yards away and wiekled a whip, with a short liandle and a long 
leather lash. You could hear the sound of the blows, a hundred 
yards away, and the shrieks of the victims for half a mile. 

I was present upon one such occasion, but soon fled the scene, 
horrified and indignant, and with barely prudence enough to 
keep my mouth shut. The terrible impression there received 
made me thence forth, a deadly enemy to the institution. The 
loaded wagons were driven to the Gin-House, where the contents 
of the baskets were spread out on a large platform, after which 
the ginned cotton, now cleaned, was carried to the press and 
baled. After this, the slaves went to their quarters and cooked 
their meat, not having had anything to eat since the meal at 
10 o'clock in the forenoon. They were not able to get to bed 
until after 9 o'clock. Day by day, this work continued till the 
end of the picking season, which was about Christmas, at which 
time they were given a week's vacation, the time being filled 
during the holidays with great festivities. The Major was a 
Christian man, and as things went, was not considered a harsh 
master. He was, to his family and friends, a courteous and 
kind-hearted gentleman, and towards me, a father could not 
have been more kind; but down there in the South, the distinc- 
tion between the whites and blacks, was so radical as not to be 
measured by the same rule. A short time before my six months' 
engagement came to an end, the Major received a visit from a 
younger brother, who had for many years been a resident of 
Texas; had fought with Houston all through its war of inde- 
pendence, and had been one of the prisoners taken at Mier, in 
Mexico. He was a fascinating man, and tried to persuade me 
to return with him to his home at Bastrop, on the Colorado 
river. The Major strongly objected to this on many grounds, 
but I think I should have gone, had I not received a letter from 
home advising me of the serious illness of my mother. On the 
last day of October my school was closed, and I was paid $300 
for my services, which to me was an enormous sum. The Major 
had for some time been sending his cotton to Memphis by team, 
but was now going in person, and tendered me a riding-horse 
to accompany him. So we rode there on horseback, making the 
trip in a day and a half. Memphis was, if possible, more stir- 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 101 

ring than six months before. I soon found a boat bound for 
Cincinnati, and there, with regret, bade good-bye to Major 
Clopton, whose memory I have cherished all through life, as 
my early, and one of my best friends. My journey up the river 
was much the same as the one down, and I only remember one 
unusual incident. While passing through the locks at Louisville 
one "Porter," a celebrated Kentucky giant, came on board. He 
was nearly eight feet tall, and his appearance struck me with 
considerable awe, which was changed to wonder, when I saw 
him go to the bar, and swallow a tumbler full of whiskey at one 
gulp. 

We reached Cincinnati on the eighth day, where I again 
put up at Colonel Noble's Hotel, and felt myself almost at home. 
I spent a couple of days in Cincinnati, seeing the sights, and as 
I still had about $300, it occurred to me that I ought to replen- 
ish my wardrobe, so that upon arriving at home I might make 
an impression commensurate with my merits, which it is prob- 
able I estimated at the time, higher than the general pul)Iic 
would have done. Cincinnati was a great mart for ready-made 
clothing. It was the first opportunity which I had ever had of 
buying in an establishment, where one could l)e fitted out from 
head to foot. They were then called "slop shops" instead of 
"clothing stores." The proprietors were generally Jews, as 
they are to the present day. Under the persuasive influence of 
the Israelite vender, I purchased three suits of clothes, and an 
overcoat, also a trunk to hold my treasures, which made quite 
an inroad upon my capital. The next morning I took the stage, 
and the following day reached Lancaster. They did not exactly 
kill a fatted calf, upon the occasion, but they seemed as rejoiced 
as I was to be again in the midst of the family, and especially) 
with my mother, who fondled over me, as a shepherd, over a lost 
sheep. I spent the first few weeks visiting among my relatives 
and friends, and did not fail to improve the chance to exhibit 
the contents of my trunk, or, when occasion occurred, to draw 
forth my gold watch, and give the time of day. The rejoicings 
being over, the serious problem of what I was to do in the future 
was brought before the family council. 

The choice of a profession was the paramount ques- 
tion. Personally I wished to study law, but both 
my father, and grandfather were opposed. They said 



102 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

that there had never been but one lawyer in the family, 
and though he had attained considerable distinction, he had died 
young, while there had been an unbroken line of doctors, from 
"Old Heinrich" down, all of whom had been prosperous and 
successful. My father clinched the argument, l>y ])roraising 
that when the proper time came, I should be sent to the Medical 
department of the University of Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia, 
which would enable me to visit the East, and also our relatives 
in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. This was an inducement 
which I could not resist. Arrangements were accordingly made 
to place me in the office of Drs. Boerstler and Edwards, promi- 
nent practitioners of Lancaster. Drs. A. Davidson, Thomas 
Carlisle, Philip Wagenhals, and Zenas McElroy, had just been 
gi'adualed, after reading in their office. Tliere liad entered the 
office just before me, my cousins, Samuel C. Koontz and James 
Pearce, and also James McCleery, the latter two having been 
with me while in Greenfield Academy. Just across the street, in 
the office of Dr. M. Z. Kreider, there were four students, three, 
James Sharp, Elias Click and John Soliday, old friends and 
fellow students at Greenfield, all bright and ambitious young 
men. The amount of medical loiowledge gained by students 
reading medicine sixty years ago was not very extensive, and 
what they did acquire, with the exception of anatomy, is now 
entirely antiquated. The text books were, even tlien old, most 
of them having been written before the beginning of the cen- 
tury. We read off and on, without regular hours or times for 
recitation, and learned to compound prescriptions, for at that 
date every doctor kept his own medicines. We in turn rode out 
with one, or the other doctor to visit country patients, and thus 
saw the method of diagnosis, and general bed-side practice. After 
a year's reading we were ready for the first course of lectures, 
lasting through the winter, then the next summer again reading 
in the office, followed by the final course of lectures, when we 
were expected to be graduated, as full-fledged doctors. Lan- 
caster then had about 4,000 inhabitants, and contained numer- 
ous comfortable, and several elegant homes. It was surrounded 
by a picturesque and well cultivated country; the log cabins 
and hewed-log houses were rapidly l)eing replaced by frame, and 
brick structures. There were many large stores, a few manufac- 
turing industries, and, by means of the canal, transportation 
facilities for all produce; so that it was a flourishing trading 




Hon. SAMUEL SANGSTON CARPENTER, 

of Cincinnati, Ohio, 

Born January 23, 1823, 

Died 1889. 

Commissioner of the United States 
Court 1849. 



tiKYMOUli 1). GAItPENTl'lIt. 10.3 

point, for all ilu; siin'ouiiding country. The; coiiiiiuinily wns 
fairly abreast of the times. There were many cultivated people, 
and (lie pi'orcssidiinl class stood very lii^li. M. was siiid Ljiii- 
easlcr had the stron<i;est bar in the state. At their head stood 
TJionias Pawing, then fifty-five or sixty years ol' age. lie was a 
ni;iii of iiiosf imposing ])rcscncc, nioi'c llian six feet tiill, in- 
clined to stoutness, with a large head, and broad brow, lie liad 
been United States Senator, was the first Secretary of the 
Interior, and was said to stand second only io Webster, as a 
constitutional lawyer. Next to him came Henry Stansb(!ry, 
tlien about fifty years of age. lie was a regular "Adonis" in 
appearance and a "Chesterfield" in manner, tail and slender, 
fanltkissly dressed, a man who would liaxc jilli'iieled altenlion 
in any crowd. lie was a fine sjoeaker, not, only fiut^nf and 
graceful, but also logical. Tie was afferwards Allorney (Jen- 
eral of the United States. Then there was Hockirg Hunter, 
born and i-aised in the Slate; a man of rugged, and rather stern 
appearance; learned in law, and a dangerous op])onent in any 
legal controversy. He was appointed Supreme Judge of the 
State, but declined the honor. And lastly there was John T 
Brasce, a gentleman of the old school, thoroughly educated, 
not only in the law, but in general erudition, cnreful and pains- 
taking, who possessed the entire confidence of all who knew 
him, and was successful both as a lawyer and a farmer. The 
two former had national reputations, and the latter two were 
well known throughout the State. Of the physicians, Dr. M. Z. 
Kreider stood at the head, and in surgery was head and shoul- 
ders above all the others. I do not remember anoiher who had 
performed a capital operation in surgery. Far and near, he 
was called upon to perform all the amputations. He was a. self- 
made man, who by indomitable perseverance and energy had 
attained to his commanding position. He was a very large, 
broad-shouldered man, well proportioned, wifh a large nose, 
bright eyes, and a generally keen iind alert expression, with 
strong and rapid movemenfs. He was like Dr. Franklin — a 
many-sided man. He was not only a noted physician, but was 
a successful preacher, politician, and temperance lecturer. I 
never heard him preach, but listened Mo many a telling political 
speech, or temperance lecture delivered by him. Among Masons 



104 AUTOBIOOUAPHY OF 

he had a national reputation, and was lionorcd by the positions 
of CJrnnd INlastei- of the State, and (Jrand Coniniander of tlie 
Kiii^^ht Templars, lie Jiot only was snccessfiil in tliose lines, 
but was also a moving, and managing spirit, in the great stage 
Company, whose eoaehes ran I'rom Wheeling, Virginia, to St. 
]iOuis, .Missouri, lie held vai'ious political offices of trnst and 
honor, and though he died in his prini(>, left a considerable for- 
tnne. No man was ever more favorably known in Fairfiehl 
(\)unty. In every assemblage, by his inimitable wil, versatility 
in anecdote, and gift of memory, he collected a crowd about him, 
Avhieh he never failed lo int(M'est, and inslruci. Drs. lio(M'stler, 
h'dwards, Paul Carpenter, and John Uiglow were all well edu- 
cated men, but their reputation was not so widely extended. 

Among the preachers, the liov. William (Jox stood at tlie head, 
and had a state reputation, as a pleasing and ehxpu'ut divine, as 
well as that of a broad and liheial-minded man. (general Mc- 
Cracken stood at the head of tlu^ juei'cantile class, but there 
were a nundx'i- of other well-educated, and polished men in tlie 
business. The general society was largo, and, with elements 
which I have named, made living in it very agreeable, })articu- 
larly to young j)eople, of whom there were a great number, of 
both sexes. I can recall to mind, among the girls, Tjctitia and 
Thalia Kreider, l<'anny and Maria (Jonnell, Susan McNeil, 
bdizabetli Smith, l^lmily Mather, Juliet Arnswith, Mary VA- 
tlnger, Katharine and Margaret Duble, Clara h'dwards, Sarah 
and Mai-i;i l)e\ul, I'dliii l)i'asee, Laura Cai'peider, and Ava 
Tearce; aineiig the \(»iing men, besides my fellow students, I'al 
Llllnger. Theodore Tallmadge, William Lada, William Wise, 
Albcrl Teiniaiil, Ldwai-d Hunter, John Connell, Tom pjwing 
and John C. Tearce. h'or recreation we had evening pai'lies, at 
pi-ivale houses, ])icnics to Mt. Pleasant, riding ])arties to the 
Ixcljle Hill; and in the \\inter numerous dancing pai'lies, in the 
"Tallmadge House'" ball room. Pat Effinger, among the boys, and 
Ellen Brasec, among the girls, were admitted to be the most 
graceful dancers. I can remember no more delightful year in 
my life, than that first year, spent in the study of medicine. 
Alas! of all that gay throng, save myself, there is not one liv- 
ing. 1 sometimes think that 1 have lived too long. Tl was 
dui-ing this vear, in the spring of 18-17, that my dear mother 



HKYMOVIt J). OAlil'l'JNTEli. 105 

died ill luir rorty-firiii ycnv. 'V\w. iiKMiiory of her loving kiiid- 
ne88, liiiH been with nie througii all my days, and I never found 
one to lake; her place. 

At lcn<^'tli, (lie time came, when we were to go 
Eant, to attend lectures, and i welcomed the event, which 
would enahle nie to travel, cross the mountains, an<l see the 
Eastern cities, with Lancaster, Pa., about whicli, from boyhood, 
I had heard so much. 1 took tli" stage and traveled continually 
day and night, by IIk; way of Wheeling, and Pittsburg, to 
Chambersburg, i'eniisylvania, a diKlanee of maily four 
hundred mil(!S. Tlie time required was Miree days. 
Although the journey was wearisome, 1 did not mind 
it mueli, but was kept in a continual staU^ of excite- 
metd. by strange ])laces and n(!W scenes. I bad seen a 
raili'ojid a few years bcfor*-, bid, bad never ridden on one. I ben; 
took the cars for Shiremanstown, a little place I'lvr. uiiles from 
Ilarrisburg, and we made the distance, forty-(lv(! miles, in tbree 
hours. (Such a railroad, and equipment, are now only found as 
curiosities, at expositions. At Shiremanstown I mel my gnsat 
aunt, Mrs. Mary Merkcd, sister of my grand fatlier, who had 
remained in I'ennsylvania, when the rest of tlu; family mov<!d 
to Ohio. She was then a well-preserved old bidy of sixty-six, 
and lived with her only child, Levi Merkel. 1 was most cor- 
dially received by my relative, who had a bund red questions to 
ask about their western relatives. 1 remained witb tbem a 
week, and was much, struck by the beautiful Cumberland Val- 
ley, so highly cultivated, and particularly by tin,' large barns. 
Fi'oiii Ibere [ proeei'ded to LiineasUir ('ity, wliere I itiet a great 
nundier of relatives, none of whom I bad ever scien. Among 
tlieni w(!r(,' the brotIi(!rs, Mnuinuel, and MJcba(!l (Jarpentej-, 
brothers of Samuel, of Lanejisti'r, Obio; Israel, Levi and Willianj, 
sons of Cbristiaii CarjMMiter; also, Dr. ITenry Carpenter, son 
of lienry, and numerous others, more distantly r('lat(;d. I spent 
more than a week among lliein, ;Mid visited all I Ik; old bouses 
and farms, wliere my ancestoi's luul llourisbed for a liundred 
years, and which th(;y bad left half a century before. Tbere 
and at lb;H lime, I began to learn tb(! partieubir, and recorded 
histoiy of the descendants of "Heinrieh Zimmerman." 

I^'rom Lancaster I proceeded to Pbibuhilphia, where T found 
my fellow students, already installed in boarding houses. I 



106 AUTOBIOORAPHY OF 

joined witli tlicm, and wc had our names enrolled in the Medi- 
eaJ (^oll('«^(', wliich was sitnated on Ninth street, between Market 
and (licslniil. Tlic hiiildings wonid at Ihis day seem very in- 
adequate, but to us tlu'y looked iniposini;-. 'I'he Faenlty consisted 
of seven professors, and a demonstralor of anatomy. The pro- 
fessor's liekels were $15 each, and tickets to the lectures of the 
demonstrator $10. The College building i:ontained an amplii- 
theatre and two large halls. In the; former, the j)rol'essors of 
anatomy, surgery, materia mcdica and ol)st(!trics, delivered their 
lectures^ and one of the others, a professor of the princi])les and 
practice of medicine and of physiology, held forth, while an- 
other was devoted to chemistry. Each of these halls would 
accommodate five hiin(h'c(l pupils, and the scats were so ar- 
ranged tlinl nil could sec and lic;ir. The finish of the building 
was of tlic pl;iin( st l<in(l, tlic scats hcing of dressed, liul unpainted 
pine. There were six Icc-tures a day, six days a week, except 
on Wednesdays and Saturdays, each an hour long, three in the 
forenoon, and three in the afternoon. The dissecting rooms 
were on the top tloor, under the su])ervision of the demonstra- 
tor of anatojuy, aiul open from 7 lo 10 o'clock at night. On 
Wednesdays and Saturdays, few a fee of $10, such students as 
desired, had the privilege of attending clunnical lectures, and 
witnessing surgical operations, at the Pennsylvania Hospital. 
In addition to the regular lectures, there were a nundxM- of 
])ri\atc teachers who had, what were call(Ml "(^),uiz" classes, where 
foi' a fee of $10 you could join others, in being questioned and 
coached, in the lectures of the week. If one were studious, and 
followed the daily duties, his time was thoroughly occupied. 
'IMicre was no compulsory attendance, imd no supervision what- 
ever <i\('r the sludents. The first-year men, to whom final ex- 
amination was a long way olf, were not vei'y strict, seldom 
belonged to •'(,)uiz" chisscs, and at night fre(]uented the theaters, 
rather than the dissecting rooms. The second-year men, how- 
ever, having the fear of tinal I'cjection hefore their eyes, were, 
as a rule, studious, attending all lectures ;in(l coaching classes. 
There were nbout 500 students in attendance at the University, 
and as many more at the -lelferson Medical College. The first 
year 1 was cei'tainly not more than an average man. There 
wer(! many allraclions, in and about I'hiladclphia, more interest- 
ing than medical lecdui'cs. (Jii'ard (!oll(g-c was opened for 



SEYMOUR D. CAh'PENTER. 107 

pupils llmt year; Iho inauguration ccrcinonies oJ' wliieli 1 at- 
tended were very interesting. By tlic provisions of Girard's 
will, no preachers or priests, were allowed to even enter the 
College; so all religions ceremonies wcr(> ontittcd. 1 was a fre- 
quent attendant of the theaters, and du I'ing (lie season heard 
the most of Shakespeare's plays, rendered by l^'orest, McKeady, 
Wallack, the elder Booth, and other stars of that day. It was 
before the time of traveling troupes, all tlu^ theaters having 
stock companies, tiie star alone moving from one city to an- 
other, 1 greatly enjoyed sludcMit life, and regretted when the 
session closed about the end of Mai'cb, when we dispersed to our 
various homes. My fellow Lancastrians and myself, wenl by 
rail to Baltimore, and thcjiee as far as Cuinberland, iMarylaiul, 
then the terminus of the lino. I^'roni Ibei'c we look stage coaches 
to Brownsville, on llu- Monongehela river. It I'eciuircd twenty 
or thirty coacbes to acconnnodate the crowd of passengers, and 
the time to Brownsville, was about thirty hours. Crossing the 
ranges of the Alleghenies, the mountains wen^ covered with 
snow, and the weather bitterly cold. If the travelers of today, 
who are continually com])laining of bad accommodations, were 
comjjclled to make snch a trip, their tunc would be changed. 
Nine people sitting in a cramped space, op|)ressed by foul air, 
and suffering from cold feet, foi- thii'ty hours in succession, 
would l)ring them to a realizing sense of the comforts of the 
twentieth century. At Brownsville we connected with a small 
Steamer, which took us to I*ittsbnrg, where we took a larger one, 
that landed us at Wheeling, where we again look stage, and 
reached Lancaster in about twonty-four hours. We were r(>joiced 
to meet our friends, and soon settled down to the routine of 
tlu^ ])revious summer. The young people were as gay as ever, 
and the time passed very rapidly, the only strenuous time being 
that in which we were engaged in writing our theses, which 
each student liad to submit before examination. I went into my 
inner consciousness and produced one on "Arson ions Acid," 
which, from my point of view, was a learned paper, culled from 
all the medical books within my reach; but as T never heard of 
it afterwards, I concluded it was only an ordinary production. 
When October came around we all started upon our return 
East, but chose a new route. We took stage at Lancaster, and 
went to Monroeville, in the north part of the state, from which 



JOS 



AH'I'OltHKlUAl'liy OF 



])()iii( ;i sIku'I i';iilni;i(| hxik lis In S;iii(liiisky (lily, vvlicfc we look a 
Slc.'iiiirr for r.iiir;il<i. Till' l:il>c \\;iri roii^li, ;iii<l ;ill my rricndrt 
wt'i'c iiiiscnihly sen-sick. I csciipcd, ;ui(l from sonic cause seemed 
l() |)c iiiiiiiiiiie, for ill all my Hiil)se(|iieiil, voya|^(!S, l)_y lakii or 
ocean, I have never liecii Iruiililcd vvilli sea sickness. l''rom Buf- 
I'alo we Weill- lo Nia|;ara. I^'alls, and s|)cnl, an ex(;il.in<j;' day; llieii 
hy rail In I he moiilli ol' I lie Niagara, wIkm'c we look a Slca,mcr 
for Oswego, New ^'(nl^. Tlierc w(! look slii.<i,-c, and I raveled ovor 
a [ilaiik road. Hie lirsl, of llie kind we lia<l ever seen, (o IJoiiie, 
New ^■n|■k, I hence lo Alhaiiy 1))' rail, and llicii hy day slcaiiior 
down llie Hudson, lo New ^'ol■k Cily, whci'c we spenl, two days, 
and saw all llie sights. Our rrieiid, Sainiiel Koonl/, while 
wandering- aJioiil alone, dril'led into an auction shop, wlicriv line 
jewelry was heiii;' sidd. A line L-dld waLcli and chain, was very 
allraclive lo hiiii, hiil as he had a, i^ood silver walcli, lie was iioL 
ill need of a lime |iiece, and, hesides, he could nol- alTord two. 
'rhinkiii" he nii;dil he aide lo jdve his silver walcli in pari piiy- 
meiil, he coiisiilled one of llie allemlanls, who looked al. his 
walch,aiid lold him llial lhe\ would lakcij al $'M),iii pari, pay- 
niciil. Our rrieiid llieii hiil upon Hie walcli and chain olTcred, 
which was al (Mice kiiockeil down lo him, al $(>r». So I'or $ir) 
cash, and Hie old walcli, he sc<'iired Ihecoveled Ireasiire. In Hie 
cvcniii;':, when he joined lis al Hie liolel. Hie chain was very much 
in evidence, and when we iiupiiri'd where he ^'ol il, he da/,'/led 
our e\fS, and e\ciled our envy, hy display in;;,' Hie walcli, and des- 

caiiliii" U| Hie :_;real harj'ain he had secured. My walcli, 

which had hilherlo heeii in Hie lead, now dwindled iiilo insij^'lii- 
Hcaiice, and iii\ (dher friends coiilemplalcd e\cliaiij;iii,i!,' Ilieir 
walches, when Hie shop opened Hie iiexl. day. One doiil)lin<;- 
'riionins, liovvcn'er, sn^'.U'esI.ed llial. il mij^lil not he rctti (fold, 
which llirew Koonl/. iiilo j'.reat I repidal ion. The next mornin<i,- 
1 well! willi him lo a repiilahle Jeweler, who, upon looking- at 
Hie Old III, said I he real value of siieli t^'oods would he^ aliout $;5.()0 
a hiishcl, and llial honcsl dealers sold llieiii, al from $S.OO, lo 
$H».(M). Koontz was struck willi conslernalion, and lilled with 
wralli. We immediately ropnired lo I he anclioii slio|i. Koontz 
pulled oil' his waleh, and leiideivd il lo Hie alleiidanl, who, hy 
the \\a\, was a ver\' muscular individual, and demanded his old 
waleh ami his $ir).()(). 'Hie man !'ave him a vn\A slare and 
said, "Who in hades are \'ou ? I never saw you ludore. N'oii 



XNYMiHIIt. I). (JAi:i'NN'rMI{.. 109 

look like, iiiKJ I ht'licvf yoii ;iri', a Hwiiifllcf. Yoii ikivci' f^ol, lliiiL 

v/;ilcli here, iiiid if yon (IdiTl. yrl, (uil of here; d d (|iiick, I 

will |)llL von <'1||, ;iiii| cull llic |)i)licc.'" W'r VViTf! aHl.Ollllfli'd, ;iiid 
(|llil, (lie \)\uci' ill li;i;;|,(;. VVi' llnil H01l/.';lil llic |»l'()|)ri(!l()r of llu; 
Jlolcj lor ;idviir. lie Hiiid, vvil.lmid, doiiM. llic iii.iii cmild lie iii'- 
IlshUmI, iiiid hroii;.^lil lo JuhIjcc, IhiI IIi;iI lirid, ii, hiwycr iiiiihL Ik; 
calltid, iiiid iiriinr riiriiinlic(| llml llic vv;ilcli wii:; |Mircli;i;'cd al, 
tlial, pai'liciilar place, ami llial, lo a, ccrlaiiily llic in'opriclor and 
all Jiiw aciHiBl.!in(H, would nwi'ar llial il vvaii not, and llial laircly 
the l.i'iii,l would he piil. oil' i-cvcral linic;', and, I'lirllicr, llial, 
tlioiij^'li JuhIIco ini;.^li(, lie olilaiiicd, il, vvoiild rc(|iiirc :;ix nioiiilin' 
(iiiic, and c(»nsidcraldc money. Koonlz Hiiiik inio llic IowchL 
d(!-J)Ui of dcHpair, Iml, I here waii no help. We lel'l, iJie wicked 
cil.y, anil HOoii rcadieil i'liiladclpliia, where we I'eHilliied oui- 

BtudicH. 

TliJH H(!(;(jnd wilder w(i a|)pli(!d ourHclvcH iiiucli iiiort! aHHJdu- 
ouHly, Tor it waH well kiujwii ilial; (!V(;i'y yeai' meiiiliern Tailed in 
their (ixaminal ioiiH, and witc forced lo rclinn For anollicr year, 
wiiieli Jiot Ofily involved diHj^raee, hul, a lar^e aiMilional rixpenHO. 
Evftry y(!a,r 1,w(!iil,y Hiuderd.H, Helce.led by I Ik; profenHor-, wei'(! a,l- 
iowed lo he <!xainiiic(i lin-t, and /.'radiialed ahout llirce weelcH 
|jtd'or(! (,li(! i'(^^uiar claHH. To inak(! yourwdf elicihlc Hh' tliiw, 
you wero obliged to Boat you j'Bf.'H' in llie front row at IIk; leetureH, 
wlier*! tlio profoBSor, for about ten miimlcii hiFoic tin; lecture, 
aHkod r|U(!HtionH to bo anBWored in turn by tbo Htud(!ntH. In 
order to put a,n additional Hpur upon my.seir, I renoliitely, at 
the bftgiJininc; uf tlx! BOHBion, planlcd niyHelf in a front Heat. Ah 
the wliole t:laBH waH proBont, it waB a pretty B<!vere ordeal, for 
wlien we failecl to ariKwer eori'eetly, we were jeered hy I he whole 
crowd. I'.y very hard i;ludy I niaiia|?;ed to hold my place, and 
waH aeeorrliijcly graduated wilh Ihe ollien , ahout Ihe lir;d, of 
March, IIm' main clarH /ictlin;' Ihroiiyli Ihe la t (d' Ihe month. 

K'<-l iiiiiin;' lo l/aiicaslei-, I found that diirinc my abF/nief; a 
great niiBforlune had ((verlal.cn my fallii'r, wlio wa,H the owntfr 
of two good farniH, wan, out of dchi, and in evci-y roHpeet eonHid- 
ei'ed a, will lo do and forehanded man. in an (tvil boiii', h<; 
beeanie one of Ihe hondHnien of Ana Spiirgeon, an old friend, 
who had hecn elcclcd 'IV'eaHurer of the eonnty, hut who hccame 
a dcfaidlcr for icvcral IhoiiHand dollarn. 'I'lie amoiinl I hat 
father wan called upon lo male good, wan ho large Ihal il became 



110 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

evident ho would have to disposed of his property, to make up 
the sum. '^^I'his materially changed my prospects. T had thought 
of settling in Cincinnati, whei'o I could look to father for 
financial aid, until such time as 1 might be able to build up a 
paying practice. This plan was consequently abandoned, as it 
was imperative that T should find a location, where I might make 
a living from the start. I remained at home about six weeks, 
making farewell visits among my relatives and friends. The 
CarpcMiter family was the same that it had been three years 
before, when I left, with the exception of the death of my grand- 
father, which had occurred the preceding year. My father was 
anxious that I should settle in one of the numerous villages of 
the county, but 1 had my mind set upon the West, and, young 
as I was, T could see that father would stand but a small chance 
of retrieving his fortunes in Ohio. It was acordingly agreed 
that I should make a trip to the West, upon a tour of investiga- 
tion, and if the prospect should l)e found favorable he would 
join me later, and see for himself, as to the advisability of a 
removal to a newer country. 

To provide for the exepedition he purchased for me $100 worth 
of medicines, gave me a horse, with saddle and bridle, and, as 
upon my earlier trip to the South, when I started out as a School- 
Master looking for a situation, he furnished me with $100 in 
cash. With these, and my father's blessing, I took my second 
departure from home, in search of fortune. 



CHAPTER VII. 

WESTWARD BOUND. 

Bidding my people good-bye on the 15th day of May, 1849, 
I did not again see Lancaster until ten years had passed. 

Starting as before on horseback, I rode to Cincinnati, and 
taking a Steamer for St. Louis, and thence by another boat, pro- 
ceeded up the Illinois river, to a place called Naples. From 
there I went west to the Mississip})i, and, crossing at Quincy, 
proceeded to Kirksville, Missouri. 

Still not pleased, I turned north and went to Ottumwa, Iowa, 
where I met Judge Greene, then a member of the Supreme 
Court of Iowa. He persuaded me that Cedar Rapids was in 
the near future, to become a metropolis, and I decided to go 
there. After four days' hard riding, and swimming several 
swollen streams, I struck the town on the afternoon of the 
14th of June, 1849. I crossed the river on a rope-ferry operated 
by David King, who lived in a cabin on the west side. On the 
other side of the river stood the cabin, once the home of a man 
named Shepherd, said to have been the resort of thieves, in an 
earlier day. I cannot say that I was very favorably impressed 
by the thirty or forty, mostly one-story unpainted houses, which 
made up the place, near the river. There seemed to be a great 
deal of sand, and the houses v/ere so situated that there was no 
sign of a street. There were three two-story houses, one on the 
river, near the foot of what is now, Third avenue, called the 
"Pork House," in which the "Greene's" had their store; one on 
Second street in which John Coffman kept a Hotel, and one on 
Third avenue, back of the Dows & Ely Block, also a Hotel. I 
was discouraged, and would have traveled further, but having 
only about ten dollars left, from necessity had to stop. I put 
up at the "Coffman Hotel," a two-story structure, with a wing. It 
had been built of unseasoned lumber and was not plastered. 
The whole of the second story of the building, was in one room, 
v.hich, containing eight or ten beds, was the common sleeping 
room of guests. 



112 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

SOME EARLY I'lONEERS. 

Within a week I made the acquaintauce of the people of the 
town. Among the leading persons were William, and Joseph 
Greene, brothers of the Judge. Lowell, and Lawson Daniels, 
Homer Bishop, and John Weare, all of whom were merchants. 
The three stores of which they were the proprietors, would not 
compare well with the department stores of today; in their 
miscellaneous stocks the customer could find anything wanted, 
from castor-oil to broad-axes. Pollock & Stewart were the 
blacksmiths. Carpenters and wagon-makers were also repre- 
sented. There was also a saloon, kept by James Leverich, a 
respectable man, and a good Mason. The inhabitants were 
mostly young people; John Weare, Sr., Deacon Kennedy and 
Porter Earl, being the exceptions. I found three physicians 
already there located — Dr. Mansfield, Dr. Traer, and Dr. Lara- 
bee; the latter being what they called a "Steam doctor." Isaac 
Cook, and Henry Harmon were lawyers. Immigrants were ar- 
riving daily, and the saw-mill operated by John Weare, Jr., was 
kept i)usy cutting lumber for new houses. There was no Church 
building, but "Parson Jones" preached in the School-House, as 
did ])reachers of other denominations, and Sunday schools and 
Bible classes were in full blast. On the Fourth of July, a grand 
ball was given at the "Coffman Hotel," to which flocked young 
people from Marion, and all the surrounding country. There 
were at least fifty couples. The beds were removed from our 
common sleeping quarters, which decorated with green boughs, 
became a ball-room. Dr. Mansfield took me as a partner, and 
in company with Judge Cook we occupied a room 10x16, in 
a small one-story building, opposite the mill. Our medicines 
Avei'c kept on a shelf, while a store-box served for a table. Our 
bunks occupied one side, and a few stools with two split-bottomed 
chairs, made up our furniture. We took our meals at the Coff- 
man Plouse. Our field of practice embraced the settlers, not 
numerous, in the valleys of the Cedar, and Iowa rivers, and 
their tributaries. We made very long rides. I was called to 
see a patient two miles above the present town of Vinton. I 
got lost in the night, and waited for daylight under a tree on 
the bank of Ihe river, at the very spot where A'^inton now stands. 
Bilious fever, and ague, were the prevailing diseases. As pa- 
tients and clients were not very numerous, we had plenty of 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 113 

leisure. Judge Cook was a fine reader, and we took turns at 
Shakespeare, a copy oi^ wliich we fortunately possessed. During 
the summer Dr. Mansfield and myself built a story and a half 
office, on Commercial street, about the middle of the block on 
which Daniels' store was located. We had a mail tlirec times 
a week from Dubuque, and Iowa City. The 'Mliglcy Brotliers" 
did the service, in a two-horse hack. I think Joseph Greene 
was postmaster. John Weare, Sr., was Justice of the Peace. He 
was a very original character, fond of company, and full of 
interesting reminiscences, extending back to the war of 1812, 
in which he had lost a leg. His small office; was in the rear of 
Mrs. Ely's residence, which stood on the ground where the 
"Dows & Ely" block is now located. He gave nicknames to many 
people, and places, which stuck to them like burrs. The first 
Presbyterian, or Congregational Church, building, was begun 
that summer. Many buildings were erected that year, with a 
corresponding increase in population. 

We began to talk of railroads. The people of Dubuque 
and Keokuk, the leading river towns, started a line here 
connecting them. Those along the line, at Cascade, 
Anamosa, Marion, Cedar Eapids, Washington and Fairfield, 
eagerly endorsed the project; meetings were held and it was 
resolved to hold two delegate conventions, on tlie same day; 
one at Anamosa, the other at Fairfield. Wo had a rousing 
meeting in Cedar Eapids. There were nearly one hundred peo- 
ple present, and it was resolved to have the railroad forthwith. 
From our standpoint, it was the government's duty to donate 
land, and for Eastern people to furnish the money. Delegates 
were chosen to both conventions. Dr. John F. Ely, and myscjlf, 
were selected to attend the one at Fairfield. They were to be 
held on the 6th of December, 1849. We left Cedar Eapids on 
the 3d of December, and after three days' hard and cold travel, 
reached Fairfield. Marion sent Col. I. M. Preston and Dr. 
Eistine. The Convention met in a small School-house. All the 
counties were represented. The Hon. C. W. Slagle of Fairfield, 
then a very young man, was chosen President. I was chosen 
Secretary. The little School-house was packed. Dr. Ballard 
of Iowa City, Stewart Goodrel of Brighton, Joseph Casey of 
Keokuk county, and General Van Ver Plank Van Antwerp, were 
present, and took active part. We parted for our various homes. 



114 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

lliiiikin<;- (lie woi'k liall done, but sad to relate, Cedar J{aj)ids 
had to wait ten years longer for tlit? locomotive. These two 
meetings were, as I think, the first Kailroad Conventions held 
in the interior of the state. O))position schemes were soon 
started, for east and west lines, and our project was ignominious- 
ly called the "liam's Iforn.*' 'I'lie next year was (|uite a stirring 
one. New peojile were coming in great nundxM's, hul many 
were leaving, for the Calil'ornia f(!ver had then hrokcMi out. 
Scvf'i'al out (its for the gold fields, hd't (*e(lar Kapids, and witli 
one of them Dr. Mansfield, luy partner, whose place was taken 
hy Dr. S. C. Koontz, one well known to the old citizens. Tiiat 
year Ihe (irst brick buildings were erected, a dwelling on Iowa 
Avenue, near (Jreene's Opera House, and a three-story building 
on Commercial street, hy Judge Greene. We h(!gan to i)ut on city 
airs. 

TliK city's KIKST MAYOR. 

Martin \j. Barber was mayor of the Village. Tt was })efore 
the pi'('S(Mit City organization. Barl)er was an ececntrie ( haractcM', 
a millwright hy trade. He was nearly as wise as Solomon, with 
courage to match. A "bad man" came to (he town, lie hung 
about the saloon, it was said lie drew a knife, and threat,ened to 
kill a citizen. The majesty of the law was invoked. It was 
night. The olTender- took refuge in the saloon, and l)arricaded 
the (loot. The Mayor called out the ''posse comilatiis," num- 
bering two or three dozen young fellows, like niysclf. lie pound- 
ed on tlu! door, demanding admittance, in the name of the law. 
No I'esponse. We got a piece of timber and battered down the 
door. Th(> Mayor collared the "had man," who olTci'cil no re- 
sistance. 111! was hurried toward the "Coll'man House," whei'e 
the Mayor proposed to deal out justice. As wt" neared the irotel, 
he broke loose fi'om the May(u\ and made for the river, we in 
full cry, in pursuit. lie plunged in just below the mill. Wc 
paused at the brink. Me gradually disappeared, and was never 
seen afterwards. It was the first and last exhibition of the 
Mayor's ])ower. 

In ISr)() Miss Mary S. Legare, sister of the lion. TTugh S. 
liCgai-e of South Cai'olina, came to Cellar Kapids. She was a 
woman of the highest culture, who had moved much in the 
official circles of Washington, and had considerable wealth. 
With her came numerous relative's; among them two named 



SEYMOUii I). (JAliPENTEH. 115 

Bryan, uiid M(;liil()sli, (lie laltcr a well-known lawyer, of ilu; 
early days. Hlie niade invcstnienls in the lovvn, and took up 
large traets of land. In llu; sprinjj;' of that year, we liad a very 
spirited Village election. The peo[)le wer'e dividcni into I ,vo 
factions, the "codfish" an<l llu; "eatfish." For Mayor, the 
former, iiortiinatc'd N. H. l>rown, the latter, Jaeoh Uressier. I 
cannot recall the issue, and only renKnidier that. wv. almost eann; 
to hlowB during the canvass. Less than one hundred votes were 
cast, and Brown was elected. He was oix; of tlu; original owikm-s 
of th(! town-site, and huilt tlu; first mills, lie was one of the 
prominent characters in the early history of the town, a modest, 
quiet, and genial man, with many I'l'ieiids. 

j:aiily ukal-kstatk dkalh. 

This year, on the Gth of July, T did one of the IVw wise acts 
of my life. I married Harah Weare, the dinighler of .lohn Weare, 
Sr. We went to house-keeping in a small one-story house near 
where the old Passenger depot stood, it; was then the ordy ho;ise 
east of the present railroad. The next year, 1H51, was a very 
active one i'oi- the town. .Judge (Jreeiie, who lind lived in 
Dul)U((u<' moved to the town. Tlie same year came S. C. Beaver, 
who had driv(!n in a two-hoi'S(0)nggy, from Holmes county, Ohio, 
to Ccsdar Ifapids. P>y this time 1 considered myself an old 
citizen, thoroughly idcMitilied with tlu! counti-y, and town, and 
devoted all my leisun; tini(! to meeting strangers, and exploiting 
the town and country. I met Mr. iieaver soon nl'lei' his arrival, 
and sp(!nt several days with him, j'iding ahout the country. Jh; 
niad(! large investments, ])oth in couidj'y and town. One was 
ahoid, !(!() iu;res one mile fi'om the ferry, at $5.00 per acre, 
I made the sale for Mi'. Addison Daniels of Marion, who was 
so pleased with my effort that he [)i'es(!nted iik; with a four- 
bladed pen-knife. 

In the fall of 1851 my father, (Jahi'iel ("ar|)erd,er, with whom 
I had been in active corr(!spondence evei- since I left fiome, came 
west, to make a personal insfX'ction of the country. In a previous 
chapter 1 have mentioned that Ih rough endorseinent lor ;i per- 
sonal friend, he had become greatly embarrassed financially. In 
order to reli(;ve himself it b(;canie necessary for him to sell his 
real estate in Ohio. Being then fifty years of age, he was 
reluctant to (piit the place when; he had spent his whole life, 
but there was no other alternative. Before his arrival J had 



116 AUTOBIOaUAPIIY OF 

selected the land, tliat I tliought would suit liim. It was a 
tract of 313 acres, adjoining the town on tlic south, owned by 
Levi Lewis, one of the first settlers in ilie County, who had 
became -dissatisfied witli (lie climate, and was then absent in 
Texas, searcliing for a new location. My father looked it over, 
and found many objections, but my enthusiasm in relation to the 
growth of the town, finally decided him, and he contracted with 
Mr. Lewis' agcmt for the purcliase at $2,500. He also entered 
3G0 acres just south of Prairi(> Creek, about four miles from 
town. His only brother, my uncle, "llama" Carpenter, who owned 
farms adjoining him in Ohio, and was his junior by seven years, 
had a very large family. When my father decided to move, he 
convinced his brother, that taking into consideration his numer- 
ous children, it would be wise for him to do likewise. After 
making his own purchases, he looked about and selected an im- 
proved farm of -100 acres, four miles north of Cedar Rapids, as 
a suitable home for liis bi'other. The farm was owned by John 
Hunter, with whoin ho arranged a conditional pui'chase at $8.00 
per acre. 

By this time Judge Greene had compleled his three-slory build- 
ing, into which the Greene Bros, placed a large stock' of goods. 
The most of their stock was brought up the river, in a keel- 
boat, of forty or fifty tons capacity. It was rigged with a 
large square sail, but the principal power was men with poles, 
who pushed it against the current. They had loaded it with pork 
and sent it down the river in the spring. 

The third story of the building was fitted up for the Masonic 
lodge. 

This was the year in which I he lodge was organized. 
Will. ]). McCord, of Burlington, Grand Master, and several 
other grand otficers came for that purpose. Grand Secretary 
I'arvin, of Muscatine, I think, was there also, hut if not, 
he came soon afterwards. Both Judge Greene, and Judge 
Cook, were charter members, and through them I made 
my application For membership. With me it was a 
very memorable occasion, and left a life-long impres- 
sion. The Grand Master was a tall, slender, handsome 
man, and presided with great dignity, and as Senior Warden; 
the Rev. Mr. Keeler, performed the ritual service in a most 
solemn style. Several members of the Marion lodge were present. 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. m 

To make tlie most of the visit, I was put through three degrees, 
on the same night, aud was in a manner, overwhelmed with awe 
and knowledge. Several members were added during the year, 
and in the course of time the lodge became very flouri.s'hing. I 
was very diligent in studying the ritual, and with llie Hw. Mr. 
Keeler, and Judge Cook, used to go through the whole work 
until we became regular experts. I was soon appointed Junior 
Warden, and afterwards was elected Master. 

In 1851 occurred the great flood. Most of the lower parts of 
the town were under water. The Grand Lodge met that year 
at Ft. Madison, and at the time the river was at its highest 
point. We were cut off from all the neighboring country by the 
swollen streams, but the lodge thought it must bo repivsonlcl, 
and 1 was chosen as the delegate. N. B. Brown suggestcKl that 
I should go down the river in a skiff, to a point opposite Musca- 
tine, then by land to that place, which is only ten or twelve 
miles distant, then by the Steamer to Ft. Ma.lison. The lod-o 
furnished the skiff. I embarked in the morning with a com- 
panion, and so swift was the current, that we reached our 
destination by nightfall, and I was on time for the meeting. At 
the meeting, I renewed my acquaintance with the Grand Master, 
and the Grand Secretary, and met many brethren, who became 
life-long friends. 

In the spring of 1852 a steamboat came to Cedar Eapids. It 
was a great event, and brought in people from near and far. 
She brought a full cargo of freight, among which was the house- 
hold effects of Mr. Beaver, and my father, both of whom, from 
that time forward, became prominent citizens of the town. This 
year also came Mr. Daniel 0. Finch with a printing press, and 
forthwith started the "Progressive Era," the first paper in the 
Cedar valley. Ezra Van Metre, a talented young lawyer, from 
Cincinnati, Ohio, also came that year. Every one was rejoiced 
that we now had an "organ," and the Editor was overwhelmed 
with original matter. There were at least a dozen young fel- 
lows in the town, myself among the rest, who thought'' they 
knew it all, and anxiously rushed into print. The paper 
changed hands in a year or two, became the "Cedar Valley 
Times" and was continued until a few years a^^o. 



118 AUTOBWaUAPlIY OF 

SUliGEJlY UNDER DIFEKJULTIKS. 

In tlio wjiit(!r oi; 1852 I had a serious time in a professional 
way. A young man living at Quas(|uetoii, liuclinuan ('ounty, 
was riding across tlie prairie near that place atul met a bear. 
The bear lied and he pursued. In c'rossiug a strip of ice liis 
horse felL He was thrown, and his foot sticking in the stiiTup, 
was dragg(Hl four miles over the snow, which was about six 
inches deep. In IJic mad flight the horse kicked, and broke the 
rider's right leg below the knee, in two jdaees. Finally the saddle 
turned, liis foot was released, and he was dfopjx'd on the lone 
prairie. This was on the evening of the 171h of l^ecember. 
A searcth was organized, lyiit he was not found nnlil tlie 21st, four 
days after the accident. Fortunately the weather was not as cold 
as it sometimes gets, hut his hands and feet were badly frozen. 
Cedar Ea])ids, about tbii'ty-five miles distant, was llie nearest 
point where a surgeon con hi he found. I was sent f(»i-, and went 
l)y the way of Marion, aiul ic^ok with nu' Dr. Tliouias F)ai'(lwell, 
then a student in l)i-. Ifisline's olllce. There was a road to 
Center Point. Fi'oni there we struck across the praii-ie to Quas- 
queton, eighteen miles distant, without a house on the way. We 
reached there nenrly frozen, the evening of the 2;)d, for the 
weathei- was bitterly cold. M'liey hnd got the young man thawed 
out, but in a most miserable condition. Mortification had set 
in, and there was no chance for the broken leg, save immediate 
am|)ulation. I h:id no instruments except a small pocket case, 
and delay would be fatal. Necessity is the mother of invention. 
A but(;lier had just come to the place, ajul had his tools. Tie 
sharpened his knives, and filed his saw. A strong handkerchief 
was twisted, a ktu)t made in the middle, which was placed over 
the main artery. It was tied tightly, and a strong stick thrust 
under it, and twisted till the circulation was shut olT. Then 
with the butcher's tool, 1 amputated the thigh, four inches above 
the knee. Dr. Bardwell administered chloroform, which fortun- 
ately we had taken with us, and he encouraged me by word and 
deed. The young fellow, who was twenty-one years of age, had 
never been sick a day in his life, rallied well, and improved for 
about a week, but the other leg, which we hoped to save, began to 
mortify, and nothing was left to be done but to amputate it. Tn the 
meantime we heard of another doctor, about thirty miles away, 
in the direction of Dubuque, who had a case of instruments. I 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 119 

sent to borrow them, lie refused to lend them, but came back 
with tlio messenger, and insisted as he owned the instruments, 
he should perform the operation. That was not professional, 
but as I thought the patient had not more than one chance in 
ten to recover, I was not unwilling to divide the responsibility; 
so li(! amputated the other leg below the knee. During that 
winter, I made eiglit trips between Cedar Rapids, and Quasque- 
ton, on horsi'hack atlending the case, and tlie fellow re(;overed. 
He was the son oi" a well-to-do farmer in Harrison County, Ohio. 
His father came out in the spring, stole the son away, without 
paying the doctors, or the man in whose house he had been dur- 
ing his protracted confinement and recovery. To carry ingrat- 
itude still further, he ])rocured a Methodist f)reacher to write 
the life of the son, in which I was denominated "an ignorant 
butcher." This book he peddled ai)out Oliio in person. 1 con- 
fess, that wlien i heard he had been sent to tluj penitentiary, for 
committing an aggravated crime, I was not very sorry. This 
experience rather disgusted m(! with practice, in a Jicw 
country. I was, however, in a way compensated, for I sent a 
history of the case to the New York Tribune, and its publication 
gave me quite a reputation, as a fearless surgecui, and thereafter 
I was called, when surgery was required. As I have said before, 
I was in the habit of showing strangers about the country, wlio 
wanted to buy land. In that way I became familiar with choice 
lots of vacant land, "Greene and Weare," dealt in land warrants, 
which they sold on credit, at three per cent per month interest. 
I knew of a section of land in the Iowa river bottoms, which F 
thought I would be able to sell. I borrowed the land warrants, 
entered the section, and in less than two months sold it for $3 
per acre, cash. That settled the matter. By one transaction I 
had made more money than I liad doiK^ in any year's practice. 1 
sold my medical supplies to Dr. Koontz, and thenceforth until 
the war, discontinued altogcithcr the practice of medicine. 

J50UGUT A STEAMBOAT. 

About 1853-4 we began to lose confidence in tlio "Ram's 
Horn" railroad project, and public opinion seemed to favor 
east and west, rather than north and south, lines. Roads from 
Chicago were approaching the Mississippi river, and a line from 
Rock Island to Council Bluffs, was projected. The people in 
the tier of counties north of the projected line became stirred 



120 AUTOBIOOKArjJY OF 

up, iiiul a railj'oad Convention was called to meet in Ma(|Uol<('ta, 
Jaekson Couniy, to or^iuiize a- (•oin|)ajiy, to build a- line in llicir 
iulcrest. Cediir IJapids sent a dcl(\ii,;ilioii as follows: George 
(Jrecne, N. B. Brown, J)aniel Lothian, I. N. Whitlam, Donald 
Mclntosli, Ezra Van Mcstre and myself. Mnrion also sent a 
large delegalion, and tlu; eouidies along the line wei'e well r(!]>re- 
sented. A company was organized to build a line from Savanna, 
on the Mississij)])i river, to a ])oint on the T\lissoui'i river not 
named. A coi'ps of survtjyors was jmiI. in the Held, and for (wo 
or three years, it was the favorite proji'ct of (!edar Ifapids. 'IMie 
settlemeids both in town and country were iiu/rcasing rapidly, 
and we suil'ej-ed gi'eatly for lack of I ransporlal ion. ,)udg(! 
CIreenc, with his nsual enei'gy and pidilic spiril, organized a 
Steamboat (Jotnj)any, in which llie |)roiiiinenl cili/.ens beeanio 
stockholdei's. This was in tlu^ winlcr. The judge weid to I'ilts- 
burg, (toulracted for a boat suilahle for oui- river, which by 
spring was completed, and at Ihe opening of navigation mad(! 
her (ii'st iri[), well freighted wilh all kinds of goods for oui- own 
merchants, and tliose of tlu; suri-ounding towns. She; was kept 
in commission for two oi- three years, and was a gi-eat heuedl to 
the communily. The company employed a captain, and various 
stockhohlers wei'c al limes superea I'go. While II. (I. Angle was 
a(;ting in that capacily, Ihe hoal collided wilh, and sunk another 
boat on the Mississippi, w Inch led |o a lawsuil, in wdncb oui- com- 
pany had lo pay large damages, that sw(>pt away all our profits. 
She made her last trip under my cliarge, and, nndci- direclion 
of Ihe company, 1 sold her to pai'lies in St. Lonis. By this time 
a gi'cat rivalry liad grown up betw(>en our town aiul Marion, 
('edar I>apids claimed (hat she was to be the commercial meti'o- 
polis, and Iherid'orc^ ought to be the political cenler. The ques- 
tion was brought to an issue by the connty c(mimissioners order- 
ing a new Court-TTonse at Marion, subject to the approval of the 
voters of the county. Cedar Kapids oppos(Ml Ihe measure, be- 
lieving that the building would insure Ihe [x'rmanent location 
of the county s(^at. 'I'hcn ensiu'd a most bi(l(M' canvass. 'I"'he 
voters were deluged with oratory. Marion ])ut upon the stump 
Jmlge Isbell, T. M. Preston, Colonel William Smythe, N. M. 
TTid)bard, W. G. Thompson nnd R. D. Stephens; against whom 
Cedar Tvapids was represented, by Ezra Van Metre, Donald Mc- 
intosh, A. S. r.elt, E. N. Bales, T. N. Whittam and others. 
Everv school district was canvassed, and much bilter f(Hding 



StJYMOUli D. GAliPENTER. 121 

engon(lor(>(l. Tlio Marion pt'ople were more adroit ])olit,icians 
and carried [\\c. clcctioii, hut tlic result did not discoura<;-e ua 
citizens, who assi'rled tliai no I'U'clion euidd aH'iH'l '"niaiiirest 
destiny." 

About 1852 Major J. M. May eanie to ('eihir Kapids froin 
Jancsville, Wisconsin. 'I'he major was a. stirring man, wilh a 
head full ol' sclienies. lie said that Cedar liapids was a phico 
of inunense possihililies, and only nee(k'd enter|)ris(> lo make it 
the groat town of Iowa, lie bought land at the; lower pari of 
town, adjoining that ovvnetl by my father, and on the west side 
adjoining the river, and bi'low Ihai, owned hy David King, flo 
platted town lots, on l)olh sides of the river, and induced my 
father and King, to do the same, whicli were the lirst additions 
made to tho original town. lie also surveyed th(> Island, sent 
a plat io the general government, and look |)ossession of it, 
much lo the chagrin, and surprise of Ihe old s(!l tiers, 'riicn he 
began to agitate the question of a free bridge. The people wanted 
a free bridge, but were undecided as lo the localimi. The Major 
induced my falher lo subscribe $1,. "■)()(), and he gave $!,()()(), 
which, wilh sums coniribulcd by olliers in Ihe lower end of 
lown, secured Ihe location below Ihe islami, at Ihe iiai'rowcst 
phuse in the rivei'. The biidge was (loniphited and thrown o[)eu 
to the public in the late fall of IHTiG, and pi'oved a great con- 
venience. The construction was defective, and when the ice 
broke u|» in the spring, the heavy cakes knocked down two of 
the piers, and destroyed a, greater part of Ihe bridge. All llu' 
people wore collected on the hank of the river, walching the 
ev(!nl:, and two young women who were crossing, went down with 
the sti'uelure and were drowned. This was tlie first bridge built 
at Cedar IJapids. 'I'he next was a l)ridge of boats, coniKH-led at 
the foot of Iowa, avenue, which I believe was also swe[)t away 
hy ice. 

Altoul Ibis time the U'ev. Williston .lones, who olliciatctl 
in the "Muddy," and was a very good, as vv(>ll as energetic man, 
weld, I^jast on some mission elTort. While there he met a gentle- 
man named Coe, who made a donation of land adjoining the 
TdW II plal for educational [uirposes, providing the people vvoidd 
also coidribule. A mei^ting was called, Ihe terms complied 
with, an<l llnis "Coe College" was founded. T felt quite lion- 
ored when, with others, I was named as a. trustee. Not long 



122 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

after til is time tlio Tvcv. Starr became Rector of the ]^]pis- 

co])al (!lnir(:li, mid imdcr the Iciul of ,Iu(lfi;c Greene, aiid Mr. 
Beaver tliey began tbe erection ol' llie (irst l^^piscopal (Uiurcli. 
About tlie same lime the Metliodists built a brick cliurc:b. 

In tbe winter of 185(5-7 vv(! were surprised and 
flattered, by receiving a comuiimication from a party of 
railroad men connected with the Northwestern IJailj-oad, then 
completed to l^'ulton, Illinois, asking us to join thcni and organ- 
ize a railroad company from (Jlinton, on tbe west sid(! (jf tbe 
Mississippi river, lo our town. Tliis was a new proposition, 
and we bad never heard of (!lintoii, wliich, in jjoint of fact, was 
only a cornlield staked out into town lots; besides, we were com- 
mitted to I he lino that was to run west from Savanna. We 
consulted witb tbe Marion peoj)lc, but they would have nothing 
to do with it, arguing that we bad already applied for (lu^ land- 
grant for tlu! Savaima i-outc After serious deliberation, and 
with considerable misgivings, we decided to send a delegation 
to spy out the land, and be governed by circumstances. John 
Weare and 11. G. Angle were chosen as oui- representatives. It 
took three days to drive to Lyons, which was the nearest town 
to Clinton, tbe proposed starting point. That was the first 
time any of our citizens bad come in contact witb real capital- 
ists, men who built railroads. There they met a party of men 
from Boston, from Maine, fi'om New York and Chicago^ among 
whom was (-baivles Walker, of Chicago, the Presidenl of the 
North-western ]\ailroad. Our deputations were swe|)t from their 
old moorings, and immediately joined hands with these men and 
formed a company, the "Chicago, Iowa and Nebraska," to build 
west from (!lin(on, by the way of Cedar Eapids, to the Missouri 
river. Cedar Ka])ids was given first directors, as follows. 
George Greene, John Weare, H. G. Angle, S. C. Beaver, and S. D. 
Carpenter, which positions we held until the road was built to 
Cedar h'aju'ds. This new departure on tbe part of Cedar Kapids 
intensified Ibe feeling of rivalry between her and Marion. A 
direct line between Clinton and Cedar Itapids, would leave 
Marion off the route; besides, the natural obstacles were less 
from Mt. Vernon lo tbe river, and Ibence to Cedar Rapids. 
The Marionites denounced us as traitors to the original scheme, 
with a malignant intent to leave them out in the cold. We 
denied tbe "allegation and defied the alligators." 



r 



\ 




(1A1?kii-:l ("ai{|'knt1']1{. 

Cedar Rapids, Iowa. 
Born 1801. Lnncaster Co.. Pa. Died 1881. 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 123 

EINANCINC; A KAILKOAD. 

We said thorc was nothing behind the old projeet, but that 
ours was a, live scheme, with experienced men, with bags of 
money to i)ut it through. Our representatives liad pledged 
$200,000 I'rom Cedar Eapids, which we proceeded to raise — 
$100,000 by private subscriplion, and $100,000 by city bonds. 
Greene & Weare, then banlvcrs, subscribed $10,000; George 
Greene, $5,000, John Weare, $5,000; N. B. Brown, $5,000; 
S. C. Beaver, $5,000; Gabriel Carpenter, $5,000; and numerous 
smaller sums to make up the amount. Then a city election was 
lield, and the $100,000 voted by an overwhelming majority. 
Surveys of the route were begun at once, from Mount Vernon 
and Cedar Eapids, two lines, one by the way of Marion, and the 
other by the river. It was ascertained that the latter route 
would he shorter, and cheaper by $100,000, than tlie former, but 
the company proposed to adopt the Marion route if slie would 
subscribe $100,000. This she declined to do, and the river line 
was chosen. Work progressed slowly, and the first year found, 
the rails no further west Ihaii De Witt, Clinton county. Nothing 
hac! been done on the Savanna line. 

Meantime the Legislature for 1857-8 assembled, and we were 
astounded to learn that they had passed a bill, giving a land- 
grant to that company. I do not remember why we had not 
looked after our interests, but only know that we were taken 
by surprise. We thought our enterprise in great jeopardy, and 
resolved to compromise, if possible, with Marion. I think that 
Judge Isbell w^as then President of the Savanna company. 
Major Ma.y, who had favored the Marion line, for what reason 
I now forgt>t, and myself, on account of a warm personal friend- 
ship with Judge Isbell, were chosen ambassadors. We met the 
Judge, and (he IMarion directors of the rival line. They were 
courteous, but obdurate. They said we had deserted them, and 
run after strange gods, and now that the tables were tunu'd, 
they proposed to build the road straight West, crossing the river 
eight miles north of Cedar Eapids. Instead of their building 
a branch to Cedar Eapids we, if we chose, might build the 
braneii from Cedar Eapids, and thus we left them, sad and dis- 
couraged. "Whom the gods would destroy they first mnkc 
mad," and thus it turned out with the Savanna route. The 
company was composed entirely of Iowa men, directors from 



124 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

tlic various county seats and towns along the line. Very soon 
after obtaining tlie grant, they got together and voted each other 
$25,000 for services rendered in obtaining the land grant, x^s 
there were about twenty of them, the sclienie was loaded by about 
$500,000. Then they tried, without avail, to exploit the enter- 
prise among Eastern ca])italists. The hard times of 1857-8 
were upon us, and money was scarce both East and West. 

In the meantime our road was slowly creeping on, 
and was within thirty miles of Cedar liapids. The grading con- 
tract was let to John S. Wolf, an experienced railroad builder 
from the East. Most of the money to pay him had to be raised 
among ourselves, and pay-day was a most serious time. I re- 
member u])on one occasion the cash entirely failed, but the mer- 
chants of the town agreed to honor orders for goods, Mr. Beaver 
among the others. Among other goods, he had two or three 
cases of bell-crowned silk hats, of a very ancient style. On pay- 
day our citizens were greatly amused to see the streets crowded 
with Irishmen, all wearing bell-crowned hats, and, as "fire- 
water"' was plenty, before night a great many of the hats wi're 
caved in. Our Marion friends, hearing of it, said our company 
was "busted," our only assets consisting of bell-crowned hats. 
But we persevered, and bided our time. We called a mass-meet- 
ing in the city, preparatory to forming a new company to build 
the road west from Cedar Kapids to the Missouri river, and 
appointed a Committee to issue a prospectus to all counties west 
of us, on the proposed line, to meet in delegate Convention at 
Cedar Rapids. I had the honor of being the Chairman of that 
Committee, and as such prepared the paper. If you will exaniine 
the tiles of newspapers of that day, you will find a "spread 
eagle" document, that I supposed would move the souls of our 
frontier friends. They responded nobly, came on the time des' 
igiiated, and we organized the "'Cedar Eapids & Missouri Rail- 
road Company," at least I believe that was the name. L. B. 
Crocker, of New York, was made President, with several East- 
ern and Western directors, myself among the number. Then 
as the company, to whom the Legislature liad given the grant 
of land, had not turned a spade-full of earth, we organized a 
"lobby," embracing all our directors on the line west of us, L. B. 
Crocker, the President; Major Bodfisli, a ]\[aine man, and sev- 
eral of our Cedar Eapids directors, myself among the others. 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 125 

When the Legishiture assembled in 1859-60 wc invaded the 
Capital;, and established onr headquarters in an old Hotel near 
the river. Major Bodfish was the commissary of the body. We 
had no money to expend, but determined to be hospitable. The 
Major laid in a barrel of old rye whiskey — as it was before the 
war whiskey was cheap — also several boxes of cigars. One of our 
strongest henchmen was J. M. Woodbury, a leading man from 
Marshalltown, and with him Peter Hejiburn, now an honored 
member of Congress, then a mere stripling, l)ut showing evident 
signs of what was in him. Jno. A. Kasson was then a young lawyer 
in Des Moines, and we secured him as our attorney. Our oppo- 
nents were not asleep, but were on hand from Marion east to the 
Mississippi, with Piatt Smith, a distinguished member of the 
bar at Dubuque, as their lawyer. Then the fight began, in and 
out of the State House. Speeches were made by our adh-'ronts 
in both branches, and we buttonholed and dragged to our head- 
quarters all thirsty souls, as well as those who indulged in the 
milder stimidants. Our strong argument was. that our opponents 
had done nothing, after having the grant for two years, Avhile 
we had about completed eighty miles of road without help ; that 
we only asked for the grant to apply to the line west of Cedar 
Eapids, while they would use it for the line west from the Miss- 
issippi, that we woidd be able to accommodate the people with a 
finished road, at least two years before they could. The law- 
makers were not in a hurry, but towards the last of the session 
they passed our bill, and you may be sure there was great rejoic- 
ing in Cedar Eapids. On our return the citizens gave us a grand 
banquet in Greene's Hotel, and we felt that we had won at last, 
a substantial victory for our city, as in fact it was, for thence- 
forward Clarion could no longer ho our rival. The cars came to 
Cedar Eapids in the summer of 1859, just ten years after we had 
held our first railroad meeting, and we felt at last, that hope had 
ended in fruition. An immense concourse greeted their arrival 
from all parts of the surrounding country. General D. X. 
Sprague, then Mayor, welcomed the guests, and the citizens 
threw open hospitable doors to all comers. From that time for- 
ward, Cedar Eapids assumed metropolitan airs, as the leading 
town of the Cedar Valley. 



12G AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

SOME EARLY rOLlTlCS. 

WJion I came to lovva in 1819 it was a J)ciiiocratic state. All 
the Fc(l(M'iil ollieci's were Democrats, also the State ollicials, and 
a great majority of the county officers. Back in Pennsylvania 
in the eighteenth century, all my ancestors had been Federalists. 
When my branch of the ['amily moved to Ohio, at the beginning 
of tlie nineteenth century, owing to the great unpopularity of 
General St. Clair, then (iovernor of the Northwest Territory, 
they became Jeffersonian Dt-mocrats. From 18;5() to 1844 the 
tariff and internal improvements, became live questions, and the 
most of the people, my father among others, left the Democratic 
party,and became ardent Whigs. So that by descent, I belonged 
to that party. From the first, on my arrival at Cedar Eapids, 
I became an active partisan. General T. ,T. McKean, of Marion, 
was the acknowledged leader, but tlie following was small. At 
the State Convention in 1851, held in Iowa City, I was the sole 
representative from Linn County, and there were not more than 
fifty delegates from th(> whole State. State Oflicers were nom- 
inated, and also a candidate! for Congress. Colonel Henderson, 
of Ceihir I^ipids, tlie father of J. W. Henderson, Avas named for 
Congress, and without much opposition, I secured the nomina- 
tion for Secretary of State, for my friend, Isaac Cook, who up 
to that time, was entirely unknown. I well remember with what 
surpi'ise he received the news. Although there was no chance 
for his election, it was the beginning with him, for a long and 
useful career in many offices of trust, alike honorable to him 
and his constituents. As time rolled on and our population 
increased, with a |ir(>ponderaiu;e of immigrants from the North 
and especially from the New England States. With the bearing 
of the Whig party towards slavery, its leaders became more hope- 
ful, and by th(> year 1853 or 1854, the Whigs carried the county, 
electing both members of the Legislature, and the County officers. 
John P. Conkey was the first member of the Legislature living in 
Cedar Eapids, and at the same election Isaac Cook was chosen 
for a county office — I do not remember what. From that time 
forward, Linn County was lost to the Democratic party. Then 
the "free-soil" question became the leading topic, and the oppo- 
sition to slavery extension became more and more ])ronounced. 
Upon the passage of the "Kansas-Nebi'askn bill," thci'o was open 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 127 

rebellion in the Deniocmtie party, many joining in the crnsade 
against slavery. About that time Charles Weare, Isaac Whit- 
tam and many others cut loose from tlieir old political connec- 
tions and became ardent "Free Soilers." 

In the winter of 1855 a Convention was held in Iowa City, of 
those opposed to the fuj-tlicr extension of slavery. It was in 
marked contrast to the Convention I liad atlended in 1851. 
instead of about fifty members which com posed the former, 
there were now several hundred men, full of enthusiasm and 
hope. Linn County was largely represented. At that Conven- 
tion the "Republican" party of Iowa was formed, and 1 had the 
honor of being appointed a delegate to tlu! first National Con- 
vention, which subsequcndy nominated John C. Fremont for 
President. From that time forward Iowa became a relial)le 
Republican State. 

THE FIRST BANKING HOUSE. 

From 1852, at which time 1 had al)andoncd Iho practice 
of medicine, I had been actively engaged in the real-estate 
business. 1 bought and sold a great deal of land, not only in 
Linn County, but in various other parts of the State. I 
made long journeys over the wide ])raii-ies, then unsettled, 
and visited Waterloo, Fort Dodge, and other places, when 
they were mere town-sites, instead of nourishing cities, as 
they are to-day. About 1855, in conned ion with Mr. Tx-h- 
man, of Wooster, Ohio, and E. C. Kreider, of Lancaster, Ohio, 
I opened a Banking-house. It did not take much money to 
start a Bank those days, and there were several others. The 
})rincipal business of all of them, was dealing in land warrants, 
and making loans. If they loaned any money it was at the rate of 
3 per cent per month, 'flu'y all tlourished until 1857, when they 
were nipped by the hard times, and mostly went out of business. 
Our concern was loaded down with land, and had but little 
money. Fortunately we had but few depositors, whom we man- 
aged to pay off, and then we divided the land and quit the 
business. E. C. Kreider returned to his former home in Ohio. 
He later located in Jacksonville, Illinois, and dicMl there in 
1905. For my share I took 1,600 acres of land near where the 
town of Norway now is, and which I presume is now worth 
$100 per acre. I spent a year on the land, made improvements 



128 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

and raised a crojD. Then in 1859, I again went into the banking 
business, with John Weare, and Henry B. Stibbs, under the firm 
name of "Carpenter, Stibbs & Co." I remained in the firm imtil 
1861. Tliis was a most exciting period in the history of Cedar 
Rapids. Politics was the absorbing theme. Most men talked of 
nothing else, and when the Republican Convention which nomin- 
ated Lincoln, was held in Chicago, every man belonging to the 
party living in Cedar Rapids, who could raise the money, at- 
tended. Two or three cars were loaded with enthusiastic men, 
and by the time they returned home they were hoarse from 
shouting. From that time until the election, the streets were 
nightly filled by "Wide-Awakes" with their torches. 

I omitted a circumstance that might almost be historical. 
Cedar Rapids being the terminus of the railroad, all those living 
west of this City who were going to the Convention came there 
to take the cars, among them Hon. John A, Kasson, who was 
a delegate. He was my guest for a day, at my house, then 
standing on the lot later occupied by the residence of William 
B. Mack. While there he drafted a set of Resolutions which 
were almost wholly adopted by the Convention, the authorship of 
Avhich was the beginning of his national reputation. During the 
campaign our town was honored by the presence of the Hon S. 
A. Douglass, who made a speech, which was heard by thousands. 
He made a favorable impression, but the crowd would not have 
"Squatter sovereignty." After the election, the fever heat con- 
tinued. All were waiting to see what would happen. 

COMMENCEMENT OF THE CIVIL WAR. 

At length Lincoln was inaugurated, and soon Fort Sumter 
was fired upon. It was a memoral)le day, when the news reached 
Cedar Rapids; business stopped, everybody rushed into the 
streets; as the news spread, people flocked in from the country; 
on every side knots of excited people were shouting and gestic- 
ulating. At night, a meeting was held in Carpenter's Hall, which 
was in a three-story brick block, that my father had built on 
Commercial street. The hall was jammed, and great crowds 
were on the outside. Repul)lican and Democratic speakers alike, 
voiced the anger and indignation of the people. It was unani- 
mously resolved to raise at once, a military comjiany and offer it to 
the government. A volunteer list was started, and my father, 
then over 60 years of age, announced that he had two sons, and 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 129 

if they did not volunteer, he woukl do so himself. My younger 
brother, E. B. Carpenter, at once signed the roll. A committee 
of which I was a member, was appointed to notify the Governor. 
The next day it was found that about double the number, that 
could be accepted, had signed the roll. All the married men 
were eliminated, except T. Z. Cook, who was elected Captain, 
and the rest were selected, who seemed most fit. Wo received 
a response from Gov. Kirkwood, saying our company would be 
accepted, appointing me as his aid, to equip the company, 
and transport it to Keokuk, where the Iowa regiment was to 
rendezvous. He said he had no money, but did not doubt but 
that patriotic citizens, would loan the necessary funds to the 
State temporarily. It was presumed that the war would last at 
most, not over three months, and that the soldiers would need 
but little clothing. I bought all the suitable cloth I could find 
in the town, and all the tailors, and the women went to work, 
and in two or three days, made each man two heavy flannel 
shirts, and two pairs of pants, I purchased hats, socks, and 
shoes. They had neither coats, nor overcoats; as it was warm 
weather we thought they would not be needed. The men slept in 
Carpenter's Hall, and boarded at the various Hotels. In the 
course of four or five days, they were organized by the election 
of Officers, and I took them to Clinton by rail, and thence to 
KeoKuk by steamer. 

The regiment was organized by the election of of- 
ficers. Colonel Bates of Dubuque, Lieutenant - Colonel 
Merritt of Cedar Eapids and Major Porter of Mount 
Pleasant. Then I returned home. The expense until the 
time they had reached Keokuk, was about $3,000, all of which 
was advanced by "Carpenter, Stibbs & Co." and was not repaid 
until about a year afterwards. The war was not over in three 
months, but in the meantime the battle of "Bull-Eun," and vari- 
ous others had been fought, and our own company had returned 
home from the battle of "Wilson's Creek," minus quite a number, 
who were killed in battle, or died from disease. We then began 
to realize that we were just at the beginning of a terrific and 
doubtful contest. 

The President was calling for hundreds of thousands of addi- 
tional troops, and Iowa was doing all in her power, to fill her 



130 



AIJTOJJloaji'AI'llY OF 



(|ii()l;i. l''or llic firsl. six inonilis, ciilisinicnls were inadc piclty 
freely, liiil lowiirds wiiilcr, tliey 1k;^-jui to l;i^;. (loiiiff to war 
was no loii.^ci- i'e;^ar(lc(l as a "picnic," hiil; as a v<'iit,iir(! fr;ni<,dit 
Willi liacdsliips, ;iiiil (laii.^ci'S. It l»ee;inie (lilTieiill, to till up com- 
jiatiics, and llie people saw tluil e\l riiordiniiry eirort- would have 
to lie nia<lc. A vvai--ine(diii^' was called jn (Jcdar IJiipids, at 
wliicli a I'crnuineni ( -'oniniil lee w;is appointed, to colh^ct, snhscj'ip- 
lions, and in ('veiy w;iy, to encourage (MdistnicnI-S, and the 
forniiition (d' eoniparnes For tli(! service. I was scleci^cd ;is Chair- 
:ni;in of the (Jornniitt.ee, ajid serve*! as such, until I entered the 
service in dune, ISflJi. The coniniiltee, I hejieve eont,inn(;d to 
act until the end of the Wiw. Our citizens suhscrihcd money 
freely, ;ind several tlious;ind dollars wei'(! expended l»\ the eoin- 
mitt.ee, in I Ik; Wiiy of hounlies, ;ind for other purposes. ^I'lie 
(Ijii'penter I'liuiily did tlieii' p;irl, l)olh in money ;ind men. My 
uncde, "llama" ('arpeidei-, hnd s(;vc'n sons, I'oui' of whom were 
over sevenleen yeai-s of ;i^e. By tli(! l)e<ijinniii<( of 1802, James 
]*j'z(.'kiel, l)avi<l, and I'aid, were all in the service;; the others 
were too yoiin;;'. My y()nn<^(n' hrolher had enlistee! in I lie first 
rr)nip;iny oi-^anized, and upon its I'etiirn, ;it the el()S(; of the term 
of enlistment, had ;i,'_!;;iin pi'()mplly eidcred the sei'viee, so that 1 
was lhe(»nly (!;irpenler left, eli^ihle for military duty. As the 
war pro/^res-^ed, an<l not very I'avoi'ahle lor the Noi'thern cause, 
] Ix'canie more and moi(! uneasy, and wanted to eider the ser- 
vice. I')ut I ha,d I'oni- children, and was deeply innuersed in 
business, and my wife was very unwilling- that J shoidd leave 
Iku", with a Jiouse; Full oF small children. At length, in the winter 
of IH()l-()3, there was a call For sii i'.ueons. I persuaded my wiFe 
that the medical deparlmeid, of the army involved very little 
dari^'er; that the war w(ndd soon he over, and 1 hat as pronounced 
an anti-sla,V(;ry man as I, ou^iit From very sliame, to otter his 
services. She finally, with I'c^luctaTiee consented, and early in 
]Hf)2 I went to \Vashini;ton, and olVered my services. A Fter 
going hcFore a I'xtard oF Mxaminci'S, and spending some time as 
a Volunteer, I was linally mustci'cd itdo the service, where \ 
reiuaine(| until duly ;)!, iSCT). Fj'oni the time oF entering tlie 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 131 

a] my my intimate connection with Cedar liapids ceased. The 
war in fact cut my active life in halves, and this ends the first 
period. 



OIIAI'TKIf VIII. 

UKMINI,S(!|i;N(J1C8 ok Till'; (JIVTL WA1{. 

Ill ii, roriiicr cliji-plcr, I hnvi! Hpfjkcii of t,li(> or^'iuii/.iilioii of the 
fii'sl. ('(iiii|iiiiiy of soldiers, riiiscd in ( Vdiir llnpids, directly after 
llie r;dl of Koi-t Siiiiiter. I w;iH appoinled l)y (Jovc^rnor Kirk- 
uoed (o l;ike (■Ikii-;4c of il, Croiii ils foMiiiil ion niilil it was musier- 
ed iiilo I lie service at Keokuk, lown, ahoiil, the last of Ay)ril, 
I.SdI. At Ih.'it lime, iilinost every one llioii^ht lli;it the war 
uoidd l.'isl lint ;i few inonllis, as none Imt Ihree inoiilhs Iroops 
were e;ille(| for. I tidly shared the L;(iier;d opinion, and in fact", 
lielieved Ihal siieli a Ireineiidoiis show of stren;i,th as 7"), ()()() men 
vvonid at once overawe our inisji,'iii<led hrelhreii. I was one of 
Ihe "On lo L'iehniond" fellows, who lirinlv helieved that I he 
whole lliiiri.' e(»nld lie nipped in (he liiid. I shall never fori:;et 
Ihe lerrilie shock caused hv Ihe result of the lii'st ])attlo 
of "IJiill K'lin.'" The lirst telegram proclaimed a vic- 

tory; iiislanlly, all onr lla^s were fliiii*^^ t;o the hn^czo, 
and the streets were (II led hy Klioutin<^ and jubilant 
pe<iple, many of whom said, " I (old yon so." Thon c'Vtui 
the i-eal facts, and will) (hem Ihe lerrilile revulsion. Wc^ hauled 
down our lla<^s, Inil immedialely called a. (owii-ni(!etin<ij, whero 
in sliri'in<j^ resolutions, we admonished (he <;-overnment to fii,dit 
(o (he hidei' end, and pledged onr lives and forliines, lo sustain 
(he ri!;h(eoiis cause. In order lo carry oii( onr lielli^crenl ideas, 
a pcrmanenl coiiiinillce of (hiileen was chosen, hy (he meeliiig 
lo collec( money, and in every way (o proiiio(e enlis( iiients. I 
was selccled as (he (Miairman of (he (*ommi((ee, which had frc- 
(jucnt inee(iiii(s, and hy its ell'orls lari;-e sums of money were 
7"ais(Ml, and diiriiii; (he year, several companies for (he service, 
iiiosdy from Linn Connly. h'roin (he pro^-ress made by the 
Union forces for (he lirst year, I hecame convinced that we 
had a Ion;;, and arduous con(es( before lis, and (lial i( was tilt* 
duly of every man who could do so, lo aid in (he struLJule. ,lust 
at; Ihal (inn' (lieri' was a call for sur<]^e()ns, and I ojx'iied a cor- 
res|)ondence wilh |)r. John II. Ivaueh, of (Miica^o. who wa>? serv- 
in,i;- as Medical Direclor, in (he Army of (he rolonuK . \)v. 
IJaiicli and myself had i;ra<liia(ed in Ihe same class, from the 



FiKYMOUR D. CAItPMNTKIt. 133 

IJnivcrsily of I'ciiiisylvania, in LSI!), lie vvciil. lo I'.iii'liii^ton, 
Iowa, iiiilil lsr)H, hilt siTicc I lien lie liad hccii |)r;i<:ii(Uii<4' in 
('Iiicii^o. Al llic hrcakiii;^' dill of I lie \v;i r, he u'lis ri-nfcssor in a 
Medical (!ollc<i;(' in lli;il, cily. In ncconlanci! wiili liis advice, I 
left (Jedar K'apids in Jiinc, lS(;-j, inid went lo Washin^don, I). C. 
I found l)i-. Ii'iiiiih id, liis (|ii;ii'lers willi (Jencral M(l)o\veirs 
tr()0|), soiilh of llic I'oloniJic, n(»l f;ir from \\';ishinj^ion. I li;id 
quit the |)r;i(licc of niediciiic in IST).;, ;ind hiid not, since then 
looked into a medical hook, ;ind did iiof thercd'ore fcid com|ictcid; 
to aKsiinu! the dnticH of a, surgeon, withontriome previonH prepiir- 
ation. Tliero wen; two met hods hy whicdi a Siirf^eon nn;i,id, eider 
the sei'vice. Me conid iind(r;4'o ;i not, very ri;i,id exaniiiuil ion, ;ind 
the /govern men t- vvoidd employ hitn under (contract to serve in 
liospital, or he could p;iss ;i most thoi'on<;h examination con- 
ducted hy a ho;ird (d' i'e^id;ii' ;irmy siir<^'eons, in which ciise he,' 
would h(! (;ornnnssioM(!d as an Assistaid, Sur^n'on of I!. S. Volun- 
Icers, a,nd as such, woidd r;ink with those in the re^.nihir arniv, 
with t Ik' siiinc cliJince (d" promotion. The hdlei' course seenie(| 
pr(d'ci-;ihlc, and tliroii^^h Senator (Jriines, (»f Iowa, an old fiaend, 
I prociii-ed a permit l(» appear hefore the lioard, tlnai ,-illiii;;' in 
Wasliin^lon for that, purpose. I found several other doctors in 
the city for the same purpose, anum^i; the rest I )r. I,'. !'. Taylor 
of (Jedar h'apiils, who had heen mv partner Ixd'ore I ipiil pi-ac- 
tiee. iJotli lie and mvself, had some doiihls, as to how \\r. ,oiild 
stan<l the (U'dcal of a searchin;^ examinalion, and ii[)on consult- 
ing a vci'Y (d<'ver friend, who had <^one Ihrouuh the mill, fiear- 
ing from him what, was ex[)ect,ed of candidates, we wer'c panic 
stricken, and felt, sure, that without coiisidei'ahle preparation, 
we should he reiecled. VVc ther(d'ore temporarilv withdrew our 
applii'al ions, and went to IMiiladrlphia, where we put, .'jurselverJ 
under the instruction of three teachers of medicine, in oiii' old 
llniversily, and for six wcteks, aHHJdiiously reviewed our former 
studies, and ac(piiring aB rniieh new knowh'd<(e as was possihle; 
then ri'lurne(| to Washington to face (he cxamiuation. 

Aft(,'r fort,y years, I i-evert to that ordeal with a kind of nigld;- 
mare terror. Several of us wi're taken into a large; room, each 
seated at, a separai,(! lahle, with [)en, ink, and paper, a sericH of 
questioiiH, waH Kuhmitted to he answered, in writing. 'l\vo 
soldiers wore; eoristaritly on guard ; we were not allowed lo speak 
to each otlicr, nor to leavf; Ihe room, unless accompanied hy Ihe 



13t AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

guard, nor were l)ooks of any kind allowed us. Each session 
lasted five hours, at the expiration of which our papers were 
collected and numhered. Four sessions of that kind were held. 
On the fifth day, we were taken one at a time, hy a member of 
the Board, and orally riddled with questions. On the sixth day 
we were taken to a dissecting room, and called upon to perform 
all sorts of operations on the "Cadaver." Never during my 
whole life, ])efore or since, has my courage Ix-en put to so severe 
a test, and when it was ended I left the jilace, feeling that I had 
miserably failed. But the next day I was most agreeably sur- 
prised, by receiving a notice that I had creditably passed. I 
have since then always thouglit, that in making up its report, 
the examiners must have taken into account what a fellow didn't 
know, as well as what he did know. I was then given the posi- 
tion of acting Asst. Surgeon U. S. Volunteers, until su(:;h time 
as my commission should be issued. ]\Iy first assignment was to 
a ward in one of the numerous Hospitals in the City. These 
were rude structures, built of pine plank, and white-washed. 
The sick soldiers occupied cots, each nurse attended ten patients, 
and each surgeon a hundred. The sick were made fairly com- 
fortable, but the h3^giene, and proper appliances of these days, 
were woefully al)sent. I became interested in the work, and 
after making my rounds and reports, found some time to see 
the stirring and interesting sights, in and around Washington. 
In my previous life, I had never seen more than a regiment of 
soldiers together, in a street parade in Chicago, or St. Louis, but 
across the Potomac, there seemed to be myriads, and a regular 
city of tents. I was quite taken with camp life, as seen about 
the fortifications of Washington, and a grand review struck me 
wath admiration and awe; it was the pomp, without the circum- 
stance of war. Almost daily, one could see Pennsylvania Ave- 
nue gay with troops and banners, marching to the inspiring 
tune of "John Brown" sung by the whole column. At such 
times I was full of patriotism, and with the manifest evidence 
of physical force before my eyes, thought that short work would 
be made of the Eebellion. Before leaving home, I had been one 
of the grumblers, who had least confidence in McClellan, and 
was a great admirer of Grant, having many heated discussions 
with those who differed with me. There has always been a 
good deal of Puritanism in Cedar Rapids, and those inclined 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 135 

Ihat way, said McClellau was not only a gvat soldier, but also 
a Christian gentleman; whereas Grant was uncertain in re- 
ligion, and beyond doubt not only a smoker, but a uolorioiis 
drinker, and that to a certainty, he was drunk at the battle of 
Shiloh. My strong point was, that wars were started to fight; 
could only be decided by killing uiou, and that a drinking man, 
who was always ready to fight, was infinitely superior to a 
praying man, who was everlastingly getting ready, but never 
did fight. McClellan was now on his Peninsular Campaign, and 
from all accounts, would be in Richmond in a few weeks; Pope, 
just from the A¥est, was organizing his army near Washington, 
which would clean up what McClellan left behind, and the 
wicked rebels would soon be swept into the Gulf, to meet the 
equally deserved fate of Pharaoh, and his hosts. Such was the 
feeling about Washington in July and August, 1862. A feW' 
weeks time served to dispel all our roseate dreams. McClellan, 
instead of being in Richmond, was himself besieged with a par- 
tially demoralized army, on the "James," and calling frantically 
for reinforcements. Then our hopes centered on Pope, who 
had proclaimed that he knew no lines of retreat, but was only 
acquainted with the bac-ks of the rebels. Encouraging news came 
from him daily, and on the 27th of August I greatly rejoiced 
at being, with a number of others, ordered to report to Medical 
Director Rauch in the field, near Centreville. 

THE SECOND BATTLE OF BULL-RUN. 

We left Washington late in the afternoon in am- 
bulances, and arrived before daylight at "Bull-Run," near 
Centreville. We there found Surgeon l{auch, and with 
others, I was stationed in a field hospital-tent, in the valley 
of a little branch, about half a mile south of "Bull-Run." 
The weather was intensely hot, and the dust intolerable. 
Having had but little sleep the preceding night, wliile 
riding in the ambulance, and having nothing for break- 
fast but hard tack, bacon, and tin-cup coffee, I began to 
realize that there was considerable difference between service 
in the camp near Washington, and a camp actually in the field. 
There were no flags flying, nor was there any inspiring music. 
However, after arranging our effects in the tent, as no firing 
was heard since our arrival, we proceeded to the front, some dis- 
tance up the ravine, where we understood the line of battle was 



uc, 



AI'I'OlilOdL'AI'IIY OF 



roiiiicil. Wlicii wf ;iiTi\('(| llicrc, vvliicli uc did willi sonic dilli- 
ciillv, (lir(iii;j;li llic ii ndcrltnisli, we foiiiid ;i loii;^' line (d' iiicii, 
sonic lyin^;, and s "nc standing', :il v'\'A\[ angles lo a contdry I'oad. 
'I'licy were ^;niol\ini:, lalkin;^' and joking, ami \\v could sec nolli 
in;^' of any enemy. If lliis was war, il seemed very lame. \V(! HI 
oiii- dinars and enlcrcd inio a discussion, as lo llic clianccs of a 
lialtle, when all (d' a sudden, \vc heard a I'oa r such as I had 
ne\ci' h.':i|-d hid'ore; and Ihe rearl'ul ;diriek id' (iic shells and 
crash of Ihe rallinu,' lindts, soon eH'celed Ihe denioral i/al ion of 
Ihe medical eoldin^■enl. W'e inslanlly s[ii'anii,- lo oui- Feel, as did 
all Ihe lroo|)s, and we. Ihe Sur^^cons, slood nol u|)on Ihe order 
of our ;M)in;4, hid made much heller lime ii\ ;^vtlin;^ lo (»ur lerd, 
Ihan we had in rcaeliini; Ihe I'roid. The cannon with llicir 
avvd'ul and conliniious roa i', and Ihe <(inlinue(| I'alllc of tllG 
muskelry, conduned in suhlime conriision, i-endered IIk; scene; 
one (d' pasi dcscri|il ion. I hail hcl'iu'c, al llli of July celehra- 
lions, heard one cannon lircd, |)uk Ihis pa ndenionium discouidctl 
all llial I had e\('r ima;^ined, and il is needless to say, I felt 
very ner\ous. Whal was worse, il, seemed m'llin^' ncai'ci'; presenl- 
ly wounded men came limpini^- in. Allenlion lo lliem dislracled 
(Mir allenlion soinewhal, hid. Ihe noise of llic conllicl was iiiaiii- 
Feslly ^cMiiii;' closer. SI raf4;i;lers could he seen riiiiniiii;' down 
Ihe ra\iiic, on each side of our leiil. rri'seiitly hcariiii;' most 
nnearlld\' \clls, we rushed mil lo see whal was up; our men were 
crowding' inIo Ihe ra\ine on holii sides, like a moh, all rushing' 
Inwards "liiill liiiiif" Ihey said Ihe enemy were heliiiid us, in 
o\ erw he|iuin;_; nundiers, and if we did nol l;c( across, we should 
soon he capliired. llclicNin^' thai "discrelion is Ihe heller parL 
oF valm','" we joined Ihe wild and on rushing' throng, and made 

as ,t;' I lime in Ihe relnal as possihie. ()ii reaching;' Iheslreani, 

in which Hie waler was waisi deep, we pliiii,i;'ed lliroii^h, claiiih- 
cred up Ihe opposile hank, and onl\' slopped when w(! iH'aclicd 
a hill, ahmil a ipiarlcr of a mile dislanl. 'The incessant Toar 
coiilinued, hill we were eillier old of rautic, or Ihey were llrinii; 
in a dilTcrcnl dircdioii. ()ii Ihe hrow of Ihe hill, and upon tllO 
adjacenl plalcaii, I here were some cleared lields where a mol) 
(d' I Wo or Ihree lliousaml soldiers was coni;' regaled, wilh I wo or 
lliree hundred wai;ons, and amhulaiices; inan\' of Ihe soldiers 
had Ihrown awa\ Iheir i;uiis, and Ihe iilinosl conrnsion |)re- 
vailcd. (Mllcers were rusliini^' rranlically ahoid, Iryint^^ lo bi'ing 




Dr. SEYMOUK I ). CAKnON'I'IOK 



Lieutenant -Colonel, 
In the War for the Union, 

Medical Director of the 
Department of Missouri, 1865. 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 137 

order out of chaos. Being a non-combatant, I gradually worked 
my way to the rear. All my effects had been left in the tent, 
with my hand bag; only a linen duster had supplied its place, 
and in the retreat I had lost my cap. In crossing the Run, 
I had got thoroughly soaked, and on the whole, felt and was, in 
a most dilapidated condition. Presently a great shout went up, 
and still greater confusion stirred the mob; the cry went up 
"the enemy's cavalry is coming," then ensued another stam- 
pede, the whole mass of men and teams, began crowding, and 
pushing along a road, over the brow of the hill, leading towards 
Centreville, about two miles distant. I joined in the throng, 
keeping well to the side furtherest from the "Run," and in this 
second race, I was fortunate in picking up a cap, lost by some 
other fugitive. In about a half mile, the flight was arrested, 
by a long line of organized troops, who were supporting a bat- 
tery. The fugitives took refuge behind them in the timber. 
It was now nearly night, and the rain began to fall in tor- 
rents. We spent the night there, and among other reflections, 
I thought that while service in the hospital might seem rather 
tame, that it was preferable to active duties in the field, with 
wet ground for a bed, and a pouring rain as an accompaniment. 
At daylight a tremendous cannonade again began, and extended 
for miles in our front, and to our right. I could see no enemy, 
nor could any one else, because of the smoke and fog. I had be- 
come entirely separated from everyone I knew, and by diligent 
enquiring could not learn anything about Surgeon Ranch. I 
was lost and alone, in the big crowd. The Officers began to 
get some sort of order, out of the confusion, and the fugitive 
troops began to move towards Centreville, where there were forti- 
fications, and hundreds of huts, which had been occupied by 
troops the previous year. The rain continued, and in company 
with others I took shelter in one, and there spent the day and 
night. Troops were all the time moving back and forth, and 
the roar of the big guns was continuous. We managed to get 
some hard-tack and pork, from a supply wagon, and therefore 
did not suffer from hunger. The next morning, I think it was 
the 29th of August, I joined a line of three or four hundred 
ambulances, moving along the road to Washington; they were 
loaded with wounded, while hundreds of others, slightly hurt, 
limped along beside them. The roads were almost hub deep in 



138 AU'roujoah'Aj'jiY of 

imnl, and llio I'aiii t^iill cuiiliinicd. Mired and abaiidojiud 
wagons, vv(M'(! sij'owed all alojig the road, and the destruction 
of pi-()|)(;r(,y was terrible. We moved along at a snail's pace 
and wlien J tried to woi'k to the front, I found it innpossible 
to do so, for- the woods on either si(h', wen; ero\v(h'd with strag- 
glers, all pushing to get to a place of safety, as there were con- 
tinued reports, tiiat the enemy were upon us. I do not know 
exactly how far "Fairfax Court House" is from Centreville, 
])i'ohably eight oj- ten miles; it seemed to nw at least a hundred. 

Iveaching there at dark, we would have gone on, but ilu! enemy 
was reported in possession of the road, in our front. The col- 
umn was halted, and we remained in tlu! I'oad until aftxsr mid- 
night, 'riiose live or six hours, were the most terribly trying, 
and uidia|)py of my life; the air resounded with the groans and 
shrieks of the dying, and wounded unfortunates, crowded in 
the ainbulanees; in the dai'kness we could scarcely render them 
any assistance. IlaxI it not been for the rain, we could not even 
have given them waier, as we could get oidy tluit which 
we scooped ii|i from the surrounding mud -puddles. 
Many grew delirious from theii' int(;nso suffering. To- 
wards nu)rning, we moved directly at right angles on a 
road to "Fairfax SLation," three or four miles distant, where 
we arrived just after daylight. Here I spent the day and night, 
assisting in nu)ving ilu; wounded from the ambulances, to box 
cars. l\lore than a hundred were found dead in the ambulances. 
Aft(M- all were t I'ansferred, I took tiie train, and reached Wasli- 
ngton on Septend)er 1st. My campaign had lasted six days. To 
me it stH'med six months, and ever since then, I have been able 
to say, that I was in the second battle of "Bull-Run." 

You may judge from what is written, how much of it I saw. 
IVIy ideas of battles had been gathered from pictures of Napo- 
leon, at tlu> bridge of Ijodi, or the battle of Marengo, and of 
Jackson at the battle of New Orleans. From that time forward, 
J lost all confidence in pictures representing battle scenes. T 
saw no (icnerals, riding upon rearing liorses, no waving ban- 
ners, but only muddy, tired looking men, firing cannon at the 
distant woods. 1^'or the first time since tli(> beginning of the 
war, 1 began to lose confidence, and feared we should not be 
able to put down the Rebellion. 1 was returned to the Hospital, 
where I had before been stationed, and for the nc^xt two months 



FiEYMOUR n. CAh'TENTER. 139 

Wiirt kept so busy, llial I li;i'l not tiiiiu io despond over tlu; cou- 
diLion of tho country; hiiL if J romcinbcir ariglit, tliorc; was a 
gi'ciil, deal of depression at tlie (!a])il;nl during tlioso two irionilis. 
Mc('lel)a,n had again boon jibieed in command, and liiid fought 
the "JJattlc of Antictarn," which, if a vielory, was bai-ren of re- 
sults. 1 was thoroughly convineed fliat ho was not the man to 
put down the Rebellion, and that he ought to bo superse<led. I 
had also grown tired of tho CAiy of Wasliir)gton, J liad lived. 
1.00 long in the West, to Ix; able (horoughly to aBsimilate inyself 
with Eastern men; so appealing to iny friend. Senator (Ji'imes, 
I begged him to have mc; transffsrn^d io the West. 

About tho middle of Novembei', IHG^, I rf:eeiv(!d tii(; 
much desij-ed order, directing me' to report to the Med- 
ical Director at St. Louis, where I a,ri-ived about the 
2r>tli, a,nd was assigned to duty at "lienton liarracks," 
near the City. Here \ was rejoiiKjd by my wife, whom 
I had left six months before, and among the troops, I m<!t great 
numbers of old friends from .Fowa, who were in the service. 
I liad comfortable quartei's in tlie cil,y, and my hospital duties 
were not vcj-y arduous, so that 1 again became reconciled to war; 
and as our armies in the west had been more successful than 
lliose of tlie east, J regained C(jnnd(!nce in our idlimate success. 

I'll 10 JIATTLIO Ol' rilAIKII-; (iKOVI';. 

i^Iarly in Deec-mber, the batlje of "• l'r;)i)-i(; (jlrovf;" was fought, in 
Nortli-western Arkansas, and a Utw days afterwards f was 
ortJered to report at l"'ayettevi|]e, Arkansas. My comfortable, 
quarters had Io be abandoned, and again I bad to bid farewell 
to my wife. [ traveled on a Giovernment train Io h'olla, Mo., 
where I met Surgeon Ij'a Itussell, my superior odicer, ;ind with 
hitn made the journey to Fayetteville, I-IO miles by ainbulunce. 
'I'bc last fifty miles were through a mountainous country, and 
the roads wen; very bad. T then bad my firgt experience in tent 
life, and camp cooking; the chang(; from campaigning in St. 
Louis to Arkansas, was more abrupt than agreeable, bid wo 
reached our destination all right on December 21, ]8fi2. 

Fayetteville befor<i the war, had been a very flourishing vil- 
lage of 2,000 people, situated on a beautiful plateau in the 
mountainous rr^gion of Northwestern Arkansas. It was over- 
looked by picturesque; mountains, beautiful brooks of clear 



140 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

water were near, the valleys were fertile, and the air salubrious. 
It was a seat of learning, and boasted of a College for boys, 
and a bigbly successful Female Seminary. But it had already 
suffered by war, having in the past year been occupied succes- 
sively by the Union, and Confederate ariuies. The boy's College, 
and half of the business part of the town, had been burned, and 
on all sides stood solitary chimneys, monumental and melan- 
choly reminders of war. The inhabitants consisted of old men, 
women and children. All the able-bodied men being absent, 
either in rebel, or Union armies. There were about a half a 
dozen churches, and the Female Seminary, still standing, all of 
which were converted into Hos})itals, as well as several of the 
largest private houses. I had succeeded in making a favorable 
impression upon Surgeon Russell during our journey from St. 
Louis, and when he assumed charge as Medical Director, he ap- 
pointed me as his chief executive officer, instead of placing me 
in one of the Hospitals. The battle of "Prairie Grove," as all 
know, was one of the bloodiest in the Southwest, and more than 
a thousand of those wounded in that battle were brought to 
Fayettcville. 

We found a most miserable condition of affairs. General 
Herron had made a forced march, for several days, to join Gen- 
eral Blunt, before the battle, and everything in the shape of 
supplies, had been left behind. There was a dearth of blankets, 
under-clothing, and every other article so necessary for the 
sick. We found all the Churches, the Seminary, and the pri- 
vate houses crowded, the wounded lying on straw, hardly any 
cooking utensils, and no table service. A horril)le stench per- 
vaded all the place, and the death roll was terrible. I was 
ordered to scour the town, and surrounding country, and to 
confiscate everything in the way of bedding, plates and knives 
and forks, that could possibly be spared by any family. How- 
ever deficient I may have been in medical lore, Surgeon Russell 
gave me high credit as a predatory agent, and in the course of 
a week, we were able to very considerably ameliorate the con- 
dition of our patients. In al)out ten days, a wagon 
train of sanitary goods arrived, whicli enabled us to make them 
all as comfortable as possible, in the limited quarters. I secured 
comfortable lodging in a private house, the home of a rebel doc- 
tor, who not only had a large medical lil)rary. but a well selected 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 141 

collection of general literature. For some time the town was the 
headquarters of the "Army of the Frcmtier," and there was a 
grand review, at which there were present Cen. SchoHeld, Cen. 
Herron, and other distinguished officers. There I met, after a 
separation of thirteen years. Colonel Thomas Ewing, who had 
been my room mate in college. I also made the acquaintance 
of Major Plumb, of his regiment, and afterwards United States 
Senator from Kansas, besides meeting a great many of my Iowa 
friends, who were in the service. 

We were all young and vigorous, and notwithstanding the 
tremendous crisis through which the country was passing, we 
did not fail to get as much enjoyment out of life, as was possible. 
Numerous dinner parties were given, and on Christmas, we hud 
not only roast turkey, but venison, qiuiil, and other good things, 
without stint. But presently the army moved away, leaving 
a regiment of infantry, and one of cavalry, to guard the post, 
and we settled down to regular garrison life. Surgeon Eussell 
had assigned to me, the duty of nuiking the medical report, in 
relation to the wounded from "Prairie Grove," which consumed 
a good deal of my time, during the winter, and upon its recep- 
tion at lieadquarters, I was promoted to the full rank of Sur- 
geon. 

There were enough officers left at the post to keep us from 
getting lonesome, and from the fact that most of the people of 
the town had to be fed from army supplies, and that a great 
many of the officers were quartered in private houses, we be- 
cam^e well acquainted with the citizens. All the women; they 
and the children were a majority, were most virulent rebels, and 
iised their tongaies with great freedom, still that did not in- 
terfere with a good deal of pleasant social intercourse. An epi- 
demic of measles, introduced by our troops, swept through the 
town, and as all the rebel doctors were gone, I made myself quite 
popular, by giving gratuitous medical attention to all who ap- 
plied, which, as things turned out, was of substantial advantage 
to me. When the army of the frontier moved north, Fayetteville 
became the most advanced post. 

THE BATTLE OF FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS. 

When spring opened, the guerrillas became troublesome, and 
continued scouting became necessary, to keep them at a proper 
distance from, the post. Rumors that Fayetteville was to be 



\4'2 AUTOBIOGRAPTIY OF 

atliickcd wore rife, and finally at daylight on the 18th of April, 
18(;;5, General Cabell assaulted tlie ])liu-c witli about 2,000 Con- 
federates. We had about .1,500 men, a part of wliom had but 
reeeuil}' eulei'cMl tlic scrviec, and no entrenehments had been 
thrown up. Although partially taken by surprise, Colonel Har- 
rison (d' th(! 1st yVi'kansas Cavalry, Comrnmander of the ])Ost, had 
time lo get his men in position, before the attack was made. 
Jle fought his men dismountcsd. His main line was formed on 
a road looking to tlie east, at irregular distances along the road 
were five or six liouses, in which he also posted men. East of 
ilie road was a wide wooded ravine, in which, and screened by the 
timber, llie enemy's cavalry formed for the charge. I had 
taken niy ])()silion on ;i pordi of one of the liouses, fronting the 
road, di'ectly bcliind our line of battle. Suddenly I heard a 
tnnneudous yell, I lieu llie clniici' of tlie horses, then the toss of 
their (lags, and then they wer(^ u])on us. Major Ezra Fitch, who 
was in immediate eomninnd of the Batallion in front of me, I 
had always regnrded ns a dull stupid sort of a luan. J |)articu- 
hirly disliked liiui, beenuse be always wiu'e a (all black plume on 
his slouch liat, bid be was something like a torloise. lie required 
coals to be pu( on his back, before be could gel up a move. In 
the [)resent instniice he rose grandly to the occasion. As soon 
as ho heard the yell, he rushed up and down in front of his 
line, brandishing a revolver in one band, and (lu> objectionable 
plunu> bat in tlie oilier, wilb oalbs llial \\ould have done credit 
to the "army in 'Mandiu's,'' he admoiiisbed his men to stand 
steady, to resei'v(^ Ibeir fire until the enemy reached the brow of 
the hill, and (ben (o "give Ibem bell." 

Tbe bi'ow (d' llie bill was about forty yards from the line. In 
a niinule the long line of (Cavalry appeared, the Major rushed 
in front, gave the command lo fire, and a sheet of flame from 
live bundred carbines greeted lliem ; dozens of men, and horses 
Weill down ; I could see the line waver, and (Ik^ men frantically 
reining (lieir horses, and swerving to the rigid and left. They 
were armed with sabres, and if I bey bad ]iislols (bey did not use 
them. All our men bad earliinc's, and revolvers. The Major 
did not besilale a moiueiil. (bey rushed forward with their 
revolvers, and in a minute no(, a l\ebel was in sight, save Ihe 
killed and wounded : of the former there were nine, and of the 
latter between fifty and sixty. The Major sped the fleeting 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 143 

guests, with fresh volleys of oaths, and then he, and his men 
began giving assistance to the wounded. Not a man on our 
side had received a scratch. The whole affair was over in five 
minutes. It was a most thrilling sight, and for a moment I 
thought our men would be ridden down, wbicli might have hap- 
pened if they had not charged in a sijigle line. Two other sides 
of the town were attacked at the same time, by infantry and 
artillery, where the fighting was jnorc pi'olonged, bni our I looj^s 
were better armed, and repulsed ])otb altaeks, with sliglit loss to 
us, but considerable to the enemy. 

Ever after that battle I IkkI the mosi, pi'ofonnd I't.'spect for ilie 
Major, for it is not always safe to judge a man, only by his looks. 
A wounded Eebel was brought to the porch where I was; he 
was making loud complaint, his middle finger had been shot off. 
I hastily dressed the wound, and in a minute or two he dropped 
over dead. I was quite astounded, but on making a closer 
examination, found that he had been shot in the abdomen, and 
had died from internal hemorrhage. 

At "Bull-Eun," I had seen no enemy, l)ut this time I had 
looked at a real scrimmage, from a reserved seat; the last expe- 
rience was much more exciting than the first. Notwthstanding 
Col. Harrison had beaten the enemy very handsomely, he felt 
that his advanced position exposed his command to great danger; 
this feeling of insecurity was increased by th(! cock-and-ljull 
stories, of the Confederate wounded, who remained in our hands. 
They confidently asserted that large bodies of troops were being 
brought up the Arkansas Kiver, where they were to he joined hy 
two regiments of rebel Cherokee Indians, and that th(! com- 
bined forces would take Fayetteville, as their first objective 
point. So about a week after the battle, thf; Colonel, in spite 
of the opposition of many of his officers, resolved to evacuate' the 
post. He was authorized by his superiors to do so, if he con- 
sidered his command in danger. This move brought consterna- 
tion to the Union men in, and about the town. At the breaking 
( ..t of the war, the people of the place were about equally divided 
between Secessionists and Union men, and where such conditions 
existed, war degenerated into mutual murder, and rapine. All the 
Union men and their families, felt compelled to follow the 
troops. All supplies that could not be carried with the re- 
treating troops, were burned, and as transportation was scarce. 



144 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

at least $100,000 of properly was destroyed. I felt iiiueh cha- 
grined at Ihe slate ol' all'aii's, and by no means relished the 
idea, of being left to the lender mercies of Ihe IJcbcls. There 
werestill aboutone hundred and lifty of our wounded, left from 
the battle of "Prairie Grove," lo wliom wen; adde(| more than 
one hundred, mostly rel)els, IVom the late batth'. I was left 
with sullicient supplies I'ov three oi' four months, uilh a corps 
of nurses, and two assistanl surgeons, hesiih-s Iwo I'ehel surgeons, 
who had been sent in after their reti'eat. I expected that the 
enemy would at once occupy the place wlien our troops left, but 
day after day passed, and no one appeai'ed. A1 h'ugth, on the 
eleventh day, a company of raganiullins, under ihe command of 
one Capt. I'almer, wlio slylcul liiuiself a ''Partisan IJanger," ap- 
peared. There was nothing in the way that lie could capture 
and J was fearful that he would confiscate our liospital sup- 
plies, at wliicli he looked with hungry eyes; hul as 1 was taking 
care imparlially of both Union, and (Confederate soldiers, and 
as there were sonu' Odlcers among the latter, he conteidcd him- 
self, by oi'dering that we should confine ourselves to the grounds 
of the Female Seminary, where L had concentrated our wounded. 
As I have before said, all the men of the town were in the 
Eebel service, among them were Judge David Walker, Colonel 
Thomas Gunter, Colonel Sterman, Colonel Eeagan, and several 
others. When it became known that Fayetteville had been 
evacuated by our troops, these men got leave of absence to visit 
their families, from whom they had been absent more than a 
year. As they drifted into the town, they naturally wanted to 
see what manner of men tlu> l^Y'derals were. T, being the one in 
command, received the first attention. Among the supplies 
left me when our ])eop!e evacuated, was a bai'rel of whiskey, 
which as a matter of ))recaulion, 1 bui'ied in the cellar, and as 
occasion rcnpured, filling a jug by means of a small tin pump 
inserted in the bung-hole. Whiskey had for some months been 
entirely exhausted in Northwestern Arkansas, and I lo all in- 
tents was a monopolist. Wlien the southern gentlemen honored 
me with a call, I made my hosjntality doubly acceptable by pro- 
ducing the jug. However much we differed politically, we were a 
unit on the subject of fluids. What with the soothing influence 
of the jug, and the good account given of me, by the mothers, 
whose children I had looked after during the epidemic of 



SEYMOUR n. CARPENTER. 145 

measles, T became quite popular, and every afternoon F was 
Hure to have calls from two or three (lolonels, who seemed to 
think that my jug was like the "widow's cruse of oil." I com- 
plained of the "Partisan ]?anger" who confined me to the Hos- 
pital grounds. They said he was a "Scalawag," and through 
their influence we were thereafter given the freedom of the town. 

They were all jubilant, and felt sure they would be success- 
ful in the conflict. I got news only through Eebel sources. 
They dwelt with glee upon Fredricksburg, ChanccUorsville, and 
other of our disasters, and coniidently asserted that Vicksburg 
was as im.pregnable as Gibraltar. T confess to having been 
greatly dej)ressed, but stoutly asserted that we would fight to the 
last. 

They were mostly educ-ated men ; a f(!W had b(;en opposed to 
secession, but now were all thoroughly impressed by the future 
greatness of an empire, that was to l)e founded on slavery and 
cotton. Their treatment and intei'course was pleasant and 
courteous, and f remember them with a kindly feeling. Judge 
Walker, after reconstruction, became United States Senator, 
and Colonel Gunter, was for many years a Member of Congress. 



CHAPTER IX. 

THE WAR IN MISSOURI. 

This condition of affairs continued until about the middle of 
June, when all at once great commotion began, in the town. 
People were rushing through the streets, and small crowds con- 
gregated about the corners, in a state of great excitement. I 
soon received a visit from Colonel Gunter, who said that a 
scouting party had just come in, and reported that the "Feds" 
were within twenty miles, and approaching rapidly with a strong 
force. I was greatly rejoiced, for I had heard nothing from 
home for some months, but my Rebel friends were correspond- 
ingly depressed, and were making preparations for a hasty de- 
parture. I assured them if they remained, I would endeavor to 
see that they should have generous treatment. They however 
left the same day. The next morning Captain Palmer, the 
"Partisan Ranger" came into town, escorting a flag of truce, 
borne by a Federal Captain, and accompanied by a long train 
of wagons, to transport all that were in the Hospital to the 
Federal lines then at Springfield, Mo. We hastily loaded up our 
effects, left the place, and turned our faces to what the soldiers 
irreverently called "God's Country." Within four or five days, 
we reached Springfield, where I found letters from home, and 
orders to report to headquarters at St. Louis, which city I 
reached in a few days. From thence I was ordered to report 
to Memphis, Tenn. 

On the way down the river, when below Cairo, we received the 
news of the fall of Vicksburg. We reached Memphis on the 4th 
day of July, in time to witness the celebration, which was par- 
ticipated in by several thousand troops stationed there. General 
C. C. Washburn there in command, made a rousing speech, and 
one hundred guns were fired. I regretted that Judge Walker, 
and Colonel Gunter were not present, so that I might hear what 
they might say about the invulnerability of Vicksburg, about 
which they boasted so much. I was placed in charge of the 
officers' hospital in Memphis, a very desirable position, where 
officers only were treated, and had just got myself comfortably 
adjusted in very pleasant quarters, when I was ordered to again 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 147 

report in St. Louis. I left at once by Steamer and arrived 
there in three or four days. 

Colonel Tom Ewing, whom I had met the preceding winter 
in Fayetteville, Ark., had been promoted to a Brigadier General, 
and placed in command of the "District of the Border/' embrac- 
ing the state of Kansas, and the west half of the state of 
Missouri, with headquarters at Kansas City, Mo. At his request, 
I was ordered to report to him at that place, to serve on his staff, 
as Medical Director. I was of course greatly pleased because 
the General and I had been boyhood friends, and for the fur- 
ther reason that it was a decided advance in the service. I 
reached Kansas City about the first of August and immediately 
assumed charge of the medical department of the District. Kan- 
sas City had then about four thousand inhabitants, scattered 
about on the rugged bluffs, that face the river at that point. 
The General had four or five thousand troops that were mostly 
distributed at various points within his district, about five hun- 
dred being in the city. The headquarters were estaljlished in a 
new brick building on the top of the bluff, which had been a 
Hotel, and was large enough to accommodate the entire staff. 
The General was then about thirty-five years of age, six feet in 
height, finely proportioned, with a well-set head, and a hand- 
some and expressive face. There were few more imposing 
looking men than he. His Chief of Staff, Major Plumb, of 
whom I have before spoken, was a very able young man, and the 
remainder of the staff all energetic and wide awake young men, 
so that all my surroundings were pleasant and congenial. 

Missouri was at that time infested by numerous guerilla 
bands, who were stealing, murdering, and generally devastating 
the country. It was the General's duty, if possible, to destroy, or 
drive them out of the country, a difficult undertaking, and not 
likely to bring much honor. I found the condition of the coun- 
try worse, even than in Arkansas. The most inveterate hatred 
prevailed on both sides of the border. Those on the Missouri 
side were ultra pro-slavery, while on the Kansas side they were 
ultra anti-slavery. When such a condition exists civilized rules 
of war are set aside, and for months past, the history of the 
border had been one of mutual rapine and murder. "Bush- 
whackers" and "Jayhawkers" were much alike, they neither 
gave, nor took quarter. During the fall and winter, there was 



148 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

desultoiy skirmishing- all through western Missouri, and on 
many occasions caittured Federal soldiers, as well as Union 
citizens, liad been hung by the "Bushwhackers," and it is alleged 
that our soldic-rs, who were mostly Kansas men, did not hesi- 
tate to retaliate. 

Not long after my arrival. General Joe Slielhy, who was a 
native of Missouri, made a raid from xVrkansas, and reached the 
Missouri river. He was not at first in General Swing's district, 
but finally struck west towards the border counties. The troops 
from the eastern part of tbe state, had several sharp skirmishes 
with him. General Ewing concentrated about a thousand men, 
and endeavored to head him off, but lie turned south, and after 
a ten days chase, we gave up the pursuit, and he escaped into 
Arkansas. There was a great deal of rain, we had no tents, and 
I began to experience some of the same inconveniences that l)e- 
set me in my retreat from "Bull-Run," only that T was now the 
pursuer, instead of the pursued. 

We had scarcely got back to Kansas City, and comfortably 
settled down, before we were again unceremoniously stirred up 
by the notorious "Quantrill," who broke through the General's 
line of posts on the border, burned Lawrence, and murdered 
more than a hundred of her citizens. As hurriedly as ))ossil)le 
the General concentrated about five hundred men and started 
in pursuit. Quantrill was so ra])id in his march, and displayed 
so much sagacity in his retreat, that he was always able to keep 
a mile or two ahead of us. Men will ride harder to prevent 
being killed, than you can force men to ride to kill them. For 
ten hours we were right at his heels, l)ut he had stolen all the 
horses within his reach, and each of his men had a led-horse, 
loaded with the plunder of the stores in Lawrence. 

Our forces were joined by great numbers of citizens from 
Kansas, armed with shot guns, and rifles, burning with revenge. 
Their horses were fresher than ours, and they got in the lead 
of the column. They pressed so hard that QuantrilFs men be- 
gan to throw away some of their plunder, so that the road was 
strewn with bolts of muslin, calico, boots and other goods. This 
was too great a temptation for our citizen recruits, who gathered 
up the goods as they went along, but they pressed ahead more 
eagerly than ever, those in the rear being fearful that they 
would not get their share. They were very near the rebels 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 149 

as they passod over a small rise in the prairie, which would con- 
ceal them until they struck the next rise. Quantrill thinking 
tliat they were getting dangerously near, as soon as he passed 
over the rise, and was out of sight, formed a rear-guard of 
thirty or forty men, and as our granger friends reached the rise, 
he charged them with revolvers. We were at least half a mile 
in the rear, hut in plain sight; when in such a stampede as was 
never before seen, three or four men wore killed, and many more 
wounded. They scattered in every direction, throwing down 
their plunder as they fled. The "Rebs" did not pursue them, 
hut fell hack to the rear of their column, which had kept steadily 
on the march. By night they reached the timber, divided into 
small squads, and escaped into their old haunts. 

We were without provision or tents, and had to forage on the 
surrounding country. Further pursuit would have been fruit- 
less. General "Jim Lane," of Kansas, had escaped from the 
massacre at Lawrence, and joined us. The next morning he, 
and General Ewing, issued the famous order No. 11, compelling 
all the inhabitants of three border counties of Missouri, to leave 
their homes. These counties were haunts of the guerillas, where 
they were hidden, and supported by the people. The order worked 
great hardship, but it was a military necessity. When we 
started to return, and had prodeeded a few miles, the command 
halted at a house. Some of the soldiers went in, searching for 
something to eat, and found a wounded man, under the bed. He 
was one of the Quantrill men, who had been shot in the leg. 
They dragged him into the yard, he begged piteously, to be 
treated as a prisoner of war, said he had two companions, also 
hidden in the woods near by, and he had with great difficulty 
hobbled to the house, in search of assistance. 

I was kneeling by his side, examining his wound, when a 
Kansas man, whose brother had been killed at Lawrence, came 
up behind us, and with a shot gun, blew out his brains. His 
gun was so close, that I was spattered with brnins, and blood. 
It gave me a greater shock than any other occurrence that I 
had met with. His two companions were found, and similarly 
shot, meeting a fate they richly deserved, for the atrocities which 
they had perpetrated at Lawrence. 

When we returned to Kansas City, we were left unmolested 
for the remainder of the season, and I had nothing to do but 



150 AUTOniOORAPHY OF 

attend to tlie regular routine Hcrvice. My wife rejoined mo, and 
will) licr cainc Mrs. Ewiiig, whom I liad known nil lier lii'o. 
VVc li;i(l (|iiarlci's in llic same lioiiHc, and j^peni two or 
three very ])ieasant niojiths logcllnT. In Fehruary, 18G4, Gen- 
eral Ewing was given coniniand of llic Distriel of SI. Louis, 
with headquarters at Si:. Louis, where I joined liini. 'The dis- 
trict of St. Louis end)raee(l llie eastern half of Missouri, part of 
southern Illinois, and weslern i\entiielcy. St. lioiiis, from the 
beginning of the war had Ijeen one of the gi'cat depots, wliere 
troops and munitions of war, wej'e eoneeted, and distributed. 

At"l)enlon liarraeks," Jiear tlie ('ity, at ".hill'ej'son Barracks," 
twelve miles helow, and at Cairo, 111., great hospitals had been 
established, all of whicli wei-e iindei- my (charge, as were also 
all the military ])i'isons in the city, and the various I'ost- 
Hospitals, scattered through llie district. As coni))ared with my 
duties at Kansas ('ity, tliey had now been laigcly increased. 
It was the duty of tlu> ]\le(lieal Director to assign all ofliccrs to 
duty, to sign all re(piisitions for sujjplics, and to make personal 
inspection of all liospilals and prisons. 

"^rhe (Jeneral |)rocured for I lead quarters, a large building at 
the corner of ^Ith and Washinglon Sts., in which I had several 
large rooms, and a i-elinue of clerks, llie chief of whom was David 
Q. Storie, a detailed non-commissioned officer, of great clerical, 
and execrdive altility, vvdio remained with me until the end of the 
war, and wlio is now a successful druggist in Chariton, Iowa. 

My duties ke])t me ]n-elty busy, for I made ])(Tsonal inspec- 
tions, but Storie ke|)t ilie clerical business in such excellent 
order, that 1 had lillle to do in the oHice, except sign papers. St. 
Louis Ix'ing such a. c(>ntral point, 1 had an o])poi-tunity of meet- 
ing, at one lime and anollier, my accpiaiidances from Iowa, who 
were in (lie ser\'iee. The (Jeneial, and myself, bad rooms in the 
same house, and during llie summer were visited bv our wives, 
and some of oiii' eliildi'cn. We mad(> extensive ac(|uaiidance in 
the city, and allended many social fuiu-tions. In fact ])utting 
down the rehellion from SI. Louis, was l)\ no means an un- 
pleasant occupation, 'riiei'c were no active; enemies in the dis- 
trict, exce|)t "Guerillas" in the soiilli, and sonthweslern parts of 
the state, so thai the General dii'cclcd I he operations, mosll\- from 
headquarters. 

In the early jiart of the fall, we began to lu'ar rumors that 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 151 

General Price, and Shelby, both Missourians, were planning an 
invasion of the state, where they expected to secure large sup- 
plies, and numerous recruits for their waning cause. It was gen- 
erally supposed that Price would strike the state, about the cen- 
tre of the southern border, or perhaps at Springfield, in the 
southwest. About the middle of September the rumors became 
more definite, and we learned that large forces were concentrating 
in northeastern Arkansas; that they would come by the way 
of Pilot Knob, making St. Louis their objective point. At first 
it was supposed that the force was Shelby's division, of five or 
six thousand men, and this idea was not dispelled until the "Bat- 
tle of Pilot Knob." On the 25th of September reliable informa- 
tion came to headquarters that the enemy was in force, about 
thirty miles from Pilot Knob, and moving towards that post. 
The General at once began concentrating his forces, and on the 
same evening, left for Mineral Point, a post about twenty miles 
north of Pilot Knob, where some troops were stationed. I fol- 
lowed him on Monday, and joined him at the "Knob" on Tues- 
day evening. When we arrived the battle had already begun, on 
the skirmish line, and the next day ensued one of the most 
stubborn conflicts of the war. 

After the battle I was sent through the Eebel lines, under a 
flag of truce, and after my arrival at St. Louis, wrote a letter 
to Mrs. E'wing, the wife of the General, who was then at Lan- 
caster, Ohio, at the home of Hon. Thomas Ewing, father of the 
General, 

From her, I recently received a copy of the letter, which I 
here insert: 

Headquarters, St. Louis District, 

St. Louis, Mo., October 4, 1864. 
My Dear Mrs. Ewing: 

I arrived in the city niglit before last, and would have written 
you yesterday, but was constantly engaged in getting together sup- 
plies for the wounded, at Pilot Knob, that I could not find a minute 
to spare. 

The General left here on Saturday night, the 25th ult., and went 
down the Iron Mountain road as far as Mineral Point; on Sunday 
he telegraphed me to follow him. I left early on Monday morning, 
but owing to the irregularity of the trains, did not reach Mineral 
Point until the next night. I there learned that the General had 
gone to the Knob; 1 followed, and reached there about 7 o'clock in 
the evening. I have never seen such a panic as prevailed there. 
The streets were full of people, loaded with plunder, while more 
fortunate ones were moving off in great haste, in every conceivable 
kind of vehicle. I inquired what was up. They said the "Rebs" 
were at Arcadia, a village two miles below, 100,000 strong. I asked 



152 AUTOBlOGRAl'llY OF 

for Uio Goneral; l.hey said he was at: the front CikIiI ins;-, l)nl most 
l)r()l)al)ly killed or captured. I hastened to the fort, and presently, 
about <S o'clocdi, the General made his appearance. He was quite 
cheei ful, said the enemy were in front sure enough, in very strong 
force, and what to do was a very uncertain pro])lem. Major 
Williams and Capt. Hills were the only officers with him from 
ICansas, myself and Captain Ga'-vens, those only belonj^ing to his 
staff. Tlie General had had nothing to eat since morning, and up 
to that time, had not been scared out of his appetite. He cried 
aloud for rations, and while an orderly obtained a tin cup of coffee, 
some hard bread and bacon, I held a lantern, and he wrote dis- 
patches on the head of a barrel. After concealing a few pounds of 
bacon, and other things in proportion, about his person, he set 
himself to luisiness. He had about a thousand men — 600 raw re- 
cruits, ?M) old troops from Missouri, and 100 from Iowa. They 
had just come into the fort, and were in great confusion; he had 
to bring order out of chaos, assign all to their places, and instruct 
Ihem what to do. which was no small undertaking. He said I must 
lay off the medical mantle, and help him along, by doing outside 
business. 1 must go to the railroad depot, and get the trains started 
witii the quartermaster's and commissary's supplies, attend to the 
telegraph office, and ansv/er all the questions asked by Generals 
Smith, and Rosecrans, that I could, without sending to him. I left 
him and had the trains ready to start about 10 o'clock at night, 
when I received a note from him saying that no train must start 
without further orders, but that I must start the wagon train at 
once. It took two or three hours to get the wagons together, and 
by that lime, i)etween 12 and 1 o'clock, the General came over to the 
depot, accompanied by Col. Fletcher, who commands the 47th Mo. 
Inft. We then held a council of war. The General by that time had 
information that it was certainly Price's whole command that 
menaced us. He could have no reinforcements from a.bove, because 
St. Louis, like Washington, must not be I'eft uncovered. 

The question was, should we blow up the fort and retreat, or 
stand and fight, with a strong i)robability of being captured? 
Colonel Fletcher leaned rather towfirds the retreating policy, be- 
lieving that the enemy were in the force represented. I had not yet 
smi'lled the powder, and in consequence, felt as bold as Ajax. I 
said T didn't think there was anybody there but Shelby, with about 
3,000 men, and if they ran away, Fletcher could not be elected gov- 
ernor, for which office ho is a candidate, nor could the General 
ever expect to be Senator; moreover, I was decidedly of the opinion 
that we could "bust the crust" of the "Butternuts." The General 
leaned to the fighting side, but felt the great responsibility resting 
ui)on tiis decision. He took a little time to make u]i his mind, 
sent me over to the fort, for a detail of men to go with the wagon 
train, while he got a cu]) of coffee; by the time I returned, say 2:30 
o'clock, under the influence of the coffee, which stiffens a man's 
backbone, 1 met him in the street. He said his instinct told him 
to stand and fight, and if the Rebs did take us, somebody in all 
pro])ability would get badly injured first. T said "bully," thinking 
all the while, that I would ensconse myself in the bomb-proof. 

We went over to the fort. Captain Garvens was ordered to take 
charge of the railroad trains, and run them into St. Louis; he 
started at once, for it was now after A o'clock, and arrived safely 
with them in St. Louis. They took out all the .government prop- 
erty, and something less than 2,000 men, women and children, 
black and white, who were fleeing from the wrath to come. I began 
to inqiiire about the bomb-proof, and you may imagine, but I cannot 
descriljo, my dismay, when I was informed by the experts, that in 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 153 

the first place, it was not considered bomb-proof, and in the next 
place, all the powder was kept in it. The alternative of staying 
out and being shot at, or going in, with a strong probability of going 
up like a torpedo, was ioo awful for contenii)lation. The General, 
true to his instinct for blood, laughed at me. Fortunately, I had 
filled his medicine case, and I am sure that under the circumstances 
you would not have objected to the immense dose that, as Artemus 
Ward would say, I "placed under my wesket." I threw myself in one 
corner of a tent that had l)een pitched, the General took another 
corner, and amid troubled visions of sailing through the air, pro- 
pelled by bomb-shells, and exploding magazines, 1 snatched an 
hour's sleep. We were roused just at the dawn of day by Major 
Williams, who had just come in from the front. He said the enemy 
were already stirring, and that there were myriads of them. The 
General was calm as a May morning. He had rations issued to his 
troops, and made his disposition for the conflict. I ordered rny 
surgeons outside of the fort, to fix the hospital in a Church about 
150 yards distant. The General still retained me for outside duty. 
I was to take charge of the telegraph, see that his messages were 
sent, and to advise General Rosecrans of the progress of events, 
from time to time. By 7 o'clock our outposts were driven in, and 
our artillery opened upon the enemy; pretty soon their guns opened 
but at too long range, not doing much damage. At 10:30 o'clock, 
the telegraph ceased to work, as they had cut the wires. I now 
went to the Hospital. By this time their sharp-shooters had closed, 
and were making holes in the houses, but two or three wounded, 
had been brought into the hospital. The General planted his field 
artillery near my Hospital; the enemy saw it, and played uijou it 
with their guns. I saw the General coming in from the skirmish 
line, and went to him to get permission to change the Hospital into 
another building; just as I reached him, a round shot struck a 
horse, a little way from us, it made a hole in him large enough to 
toss a hat through. The guns of the enemy, and our own, kept up 
the largest Fourth of .July I ever heard, but I didn't enjoy it. The 
General said, move wherever I wanted to; I didn't see any place I 
considered safe, but took a small house near the center of the town. 
The General was cool as a cucura])er, and, notwithstanding my re- 
monstrances, rode all about among the skirmish lines, and to my 
mind, took too many chances to rush "to glory or the grave." He 
said he thought my "Ajaxian" sentiments of the i)ievioiis night 
were played out. 

I hurried into the second selected Hospital; the battle seemed 
to lull, my courage began to revive, I imagined that the "Rebs' 
were about to run off, and was preparing to swell out, and proclaim 
myself a hero, when my "milk pail," simultaneously with a stable 
across the street, came down amid thunder, dust, and del)ris of a 
shell. It was the signal of assault. The "Rebs" swarmed from 
the brush on the mountain sides, like bees from a hive, yelling like 
incarnate fiends; our skirmish line was driven before them like 
chaff. The "Blue Jackets" made a bee-line for the fort; they did tall 
traveling, and the "Rebs" were at their heels. A second shell 
took away niy Hos))ital flag, a third killed a horse hitched to the 
fence, and frightened the ambulance horses, so that they ran away, 
upsetting the ambulance, and spilling our wounded right among the 
enemy. The raw troops in the fort were somewhat jianic stricken. 
In an attempt to raise the drawbridge the rope broke, and it fell 
back. The enemy made a rush for it, but the General was equal 
to the emergency. Bayard himself could not have been more gal- 
lant. He threw himself into the breach, cheered his men, and by 
aid of the Iowa men, repelled the enemy. Several men were killed, 



154 AUTOBIOCRAPIIY OF 

and a ,a;roat number wounded, all about him, but ho was untouched. 
The Rebels went back as fast as they had gone forward, and when 
the smoke cleared away, an awful sight presented itself. In the 
immediate vicinity of the fort, more than 300 lay dead, and severely 
wounded. This was about ?> o'clock, and from that time till night, 
the firins was Icojjt up incessantly, when it ceased, and we had an 
opportunity of gatherin.c- up our wounded, and removing them to 
the Hospital. We had ten killed, and forty-eight wounded, six of 
whom died before morning. The Rebels did not take care of their 
Avounded near the fort, and witii the General's permission, I went 
among them about 10 o'clock at night; the poor wretches had been 
lying there for five or six hours, dying with thirst, mutilated in the 
most horrible manner, and chillfd to the bone, l)y the sharp north 
wind which had set in. I had water and whisky carried to as many 
as I could, and moved about fifty into houses; but this was not a 
circumstant-e. In the morning I counted 67 dead in less than 150 
yards of the fort. Their loss in killed and wounded, was over 
1,000. 

Every officer and soldier vied in commending the General, for 
coolness and bravery; he was everywhere encouraging and stimu- 
lating his men, and by his example and determined courage, repelled 
the assault at the critical moment, when they were about to swarm 
through our gate. 

But he had done all that man could do. Unless he could escape, 
another day would invest him completely, and render his capture 
sure. He wrote me a note at 11 o'clock, to come to him; we walked 
outside the fort, and in plain hearing of the groans of the wounded, 
and dying, discussed our position. It did not allow of much debate. 
With his jaded troops, he must run for it, and make our lines 
towards St. Louis, if possible, if not, then turn towards Rolla. I 
had obtained from the wounded full particulars of their strength, 
which confirmed him in his opinion that retreat was his only 
safety. If I had my way of going, I would have gone with him, 
l)ut there was none, besides it was really my duty, to remain with 
the wounded. We parted at 12 o'clock. I went to my Hospital, he 
got ready to move, and got off about 2 o'clock. At ;':30 the maga- 
zine was blown up with a ci-ash that shook the earth. The Rebels 
did not come in until the next morning, when they pillaged the 
town indiscriminately. I was ti-eated moderately well. They said 
the General was the best fi.ghter they had met in a long time. I 
stayed two days, and came up under a flag of truce. Heard while 
in the Rebel lines that the General was captured; did not believe it. 
We have what is considered very reliable information that he 
reached Rolla on Saturday mornin.g, with a remnant of his com- 
mand. 

You must pardon this long letter, which has been so lengthened 
from the belief, that all items connected with the day, that has 
made your husband famous, would be interesting to you. 

Very truly your friend, 

S. D. Caiu'enter. 

Afi(M- (1ai'k. when ihc firing- Imd ceased, 1 asked the Oenoral to 
allow me to go out ainons: the Eebel woimded, who were lying 
all about, and whose groans, and shrieks were heart-rending. Tie 
at first refused, saying that I would probably be shot for my 
pains, by skulking rebels, but finally consented and I took about 
a dozen men, with buckets of water, and whiskey. The poor 



SEYMOUK D. CARPJ'JNTEJi. 155 

fellows were very gralci'Lil, but begged piteously to be removed 
to some more coinfortal)lo place, where tliey eoiihl be made 
warm. It had rained hard al)0iit dusk, and they were lying 
in mud and water, but i had no means of relieving them. While 
cut side, J met a woman, who said she had a letter from Colonel 
Slaymaker, a Eebel from St. Joseph, Mo., and an old acquaint- 
ance of General Ewing, and that the Colonel was near by, and 
she would take me to him. I declined seeing the Colonel, but 
at once carried the letter to the General. The letter in sul)stanee 
said, that the General had made a gallant fight, but that they 
would have taken his works if they had prepared themselves 
with facines to fill the ditch, and ladders to scale the walls; 
that they were now preparing them, and would on the following 
morning, assault the works, which would result in great slaughter, 
and that in the heat of an assault, not much quarter would be 
shown; he therefore urged surrender on the score of humanity. 
The day's fighting had pretty much taken all the starch out of 
me, and I suggested that the Colonel took a rational view of 
the matter, and that the only thing left was to surrender. The 
General curtly replied, that he would never surrender, and that 
they must take him. Several officers were present, all of whom 
were of my opinion, but the General then announced that he 
would attempt to retreat, and that if then captured, he would 
have done all that could be done. Immediate preparations be- 
gan. He sent a company of men out in the village, to drive off 
all l^ebel stragglers. He found enough horses to draw two 
field-guns, and an aiTimunition wagon, and to mount about 
twenty men, as an advance guard. He then announced that he 
would move out, as soon after midnight as he could, and leave 
a few men to blow up the magazine. To this latter proposition 
I strenuously objected, because of the great numb(!r of wounded 
rebels lying in the immediate vicnity. The General said that 
war was not a "benevolent institution," and that hi; could not 
think of leaving several tons of powder, with field guns, and 
fixed ammunition, for the enemy, who were dou])tless in great 
need of them. He was sorry for the wounded, l)ut duty stood 
first. They spiked all the guns, drew them on top of the maga- 
zine, and piled among them all the cartridges and other property 
that they could not take with them. 

About two o'clock they silently moved out. During the day 



156 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

we had lost in killed, wounded, and missing, nearly five hundred 
men, mostly prisoners, so that there were not more than five 
hundred in his column. He left a Sergeant, and five men, to 
blow up the magazine. I was to fix the time, which in no event 
was to be later than four o'clock. I had four surgeons, and about 
fifteen nurses, but only one or two horse-ambulances. We set 
to work diligently gathering up the wounded, but it was slow 
business, as we moved them to a Hotel a third of a mile distant 
near the Eailroad. At half past three I withdrew to the Hotel 
with my men, and awaited results. The night before, I had only 
about an hours sleep, and the day had been the most trying of 
my life. When we reached the Hotel, all of whose ordinary 
occupants had fled with the other inhabitants; I threw myself 
upon a bed, thoroughly exhausted, and instantly fell asleep. I 
could not have slept long, when I was aroused by a shower of 
glass, and the window frame, which was in front of the bed. 
It was intensely dark, and the air was filled with sulphurous 
fumes. 

In my confusion, and in trying to pull myself together, it 
flashed through my mind that I had been killed, and had come to 
consciousness, in the place where good people are not supposed 
to go. Presently I realized that it was only the explosion of 
the magazine, and that mercifully I was given another chance. 
As soon as daylight came I again went to the field. The ex- 
plosion liad been terrific, the magazine was composed of hewed 
log timbers about a foot square, covered with earth, five or six 
feet thick. Some of the heavy timbers had been carried a 
quarter of a mile. As I had anticipated, many of the wounded 
had been crushed by the debris. I carried a white flag, as soon 
as it was light, a few rebels rode out of the timber a half a 
mile away, and presently galloped down to me. They seemed 
surprised, and imagined that the noise of the explosion had been 
caused by our heavy guns. I wrote a note to General Price, re- 
questing a guard for the hospital supplies, which I assured 
him would be needed by his wounded, much more than ours. 

The news of the evacuation spread like wild fire, and in less 
than a half hour, they came swarming like a hungry horde into 
the village. Within an hour, every store in the place had been 
looted, and long before a guard came, all the hospital stores in 
the way of clothing, had been confiscated. In a short time 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 157 

General Price and his staff came. They stopped at the Hotel 
where I had established myself for a few hours. The General 
expressed regret at my loss of the hospital stores, but excused 
his men who, as he said they were destitute of everything. 
When he realized that great suffering would ensue, unless im- 
mediate relief was had from some quarter, he consented with 
some reluctance, that I should be sent through the lines under a 
flag of truce, to seek assistance. 

During the forenoon, our prisoners were marched into the 
town under a strong guard. They were more than one hundred 
in number. They had been robbed of their shoes, and most of 
their clothing and presented a very sorry sight. Several of 
them were wounded, among the rest, Major Wilson, of the 6th 
Cavalry. I requested and obtained permission, to visit them in 
the warehouse, where they were confined. Major Wilson had 
been wounded in the face and head, but not severely. He was 
barefooted and coatless. He had been commander of the post at 
Pilot Knob, and had been very active in his operations against 
the "Guerillas," all of whom had now joined Price's army. He 
told me that alread}^ several of his old enemies had seen him, and 
threatened him with death, and that he thoroughly believed that 
they would kill him. I cheered him up as much as possible, but 
believing that there might be some foundations for his fears I 
sent for Colonel Gunter, my old Fayetteville Eebel friend. To 
him I related what Major Wilson had said. He said there was 
not the slightest grounds for the major's fears, and that he was 
quite as safe as myself. That they had as much regard for 
prisoners of Avar as we had. I saw the major again before they 
were marched away, and told him what Colonel Gunter had said. 
I believe Colonel Gunter was entirely sincere in his belief, and 
am quite sure that he must have condemned the murder of 
Major Wilson, and six of his men, which occurred a few days 
afterwards, about twenty miles from Pilot Knob. For this 
dastardly outrage General Eosecrans ordered a like number of 
Eebel prisoners to be shot, in presence of troops at St. Louis. 
General Price disclaimed all knowledge of the murders, but 
he must have winked at this perpetration, and the bodies were 
found on the line of his march. 

General Swing's retreat, was as brilliant as his defense had 
been gallant. He expected to fall back on Mineral Point, about 



158 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

twenty miles away, wlicre lie expected to find our line, and the 
Federal forces. He was ignorant of the fact that the day be- 
fore ilic liallle, General I'j'ice had detached Shelby's division, 
which marching west of J'ilot Knob, had taken Mineral Point 
the same diiy. When resistance proved so obstinate, he had 
recalled Shelby to take ])nrt in the final assault. Shelby's 
command left Mineral Point the morning after the battle, so it 
happ(!n(!d tliat Ewing, and Shelby, were moving in opposite 
directions, on the same road. About ten o'clock in the morning 
Ewing's advance struck that of Shelby, and a skirmish ensued. 
Ewing had at that hour marched about fifteen miles. When 
Ewing's advance! struck tlu; enemy, his main command was at a 
point where a road branched off in a northwesterly direction, 
toward Rollo, dislajit about fifty nules. He at once turned his 
command on lliat road, and pushed ahead as rapidly as possi- 
ble. Shelby in the meantime, not knowing what force was in 
front of him, formed a line of battle. It was a timbered region, 
and before Shelby discovered that there was no enemy in his 
front, and again got his force into marching column, Ewing 
had got fairly two hours start. 

Ewing pressed forward as fast as ])ossible, and l)y sundown had 
made fifteen additional miles; but the enemy were now close in 
his rear, and outnumbered him at least five to one. Here a 
fortunate conformation of the country, for the time being, saved 
him. The Eollo road, for a distance of more than thirty miles, 
runs on the backbone of a ridge, between two small streams, not 
more than a mile apart, and through a heavily timbered coun- 
try, with a dense undergrowth. After he gained this ridge, 
which was about dark, he unlimbered his guns, and formed a 
strong rear guard. This checked the enemy, and both parties 
bivouacked for the night. 

After four hours rest, Ewing resumed his wearied march, 
leaving his camp-fires burning, and a small rear guard. So he 
toiled on, the (>nemy not overtaking him until afternoon. He then 
kept up a continual skii'niish in his rear, during the whole day, 
the enemy, from the nature of the ground, not being able to 
get around him. He was, as it were, marching through a lane, 
with the enemy behind him. After night fall he reached the 
end of the ridge, which terminated in an open prairie, and the 
railroad was still five miles distant. This he expected would be 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 159 

the critical point where the enemy would get on his flanks and 
surmount him. He closed up his column, resolving to make as 
good a fight as he could, and moved into the open country. 
Much to his surprise, the enemy did not appear, and in a couple 
of hours he reached the railroad, at a small station about fiften 
miles north of Rollo, having marched and fought, sixty-six miles, 
in about thirty-three hours. 

Just as he reached the station, a train loaded with supplies for 
Eollo pulled in. He thought himself in great luck. Hastily 
loadiug his men, and guns, he started on the train for St. Louis, 
but as he approached the first station, it was seen to be in 
flames, then reversing the engine, he made towards Eollo, but 
found the first station in that direction, also on fire. This ex- 
plained why he had not been attacked on the prairie. The 
enemy, on reaching the open ground, had divided their forces, 
and seized the road, both north and south of liim. In short he 
was regularly trapped. He immediately ran the train to the 
station, from which lie had started, and unloaded his troops. 

Now all his men and officers, said they could endure no more, 
and that he must surrender, but he said no, that he would only 
be taken fighting. Near the station, there was a railroad-cut, 
about four hundred feet long, ranging from three to ten feet 
deep, and along side of this there had been collected a large 
number of railroad ties. He hastily barricaded the ends of the 
cut, built breastworks on the sides with the ties, and fed his 
men, from supplies found on the train. They had some hours 
rest before the enemy appeared. After two furious assaults, 
both of which were repelled, they were before night relieved by 
forces sent from Eollo. 

This terminated one of the most brilliant episodes of the war, 
and no regularly trained officer could have done better than 
Ewing, who showed grit, ability and endurance. The battle 
of "Pilot Knob" thus virtually ended Price's campaign in Mis- 
souri; he was never able to reach St. Tjouis; he turned towards 
the west, hotly pursued by the Union forces, and in a few 
weeks was driven from the state, after a loss of three-fourths 
of his command. Tn a few weeks, T met a great number of 
Eebel officers, on their way to our prison on Johnson's Island; 
whose acquaintance I had made at Pilot Knob. They were not 



160 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

as jubilant as at our previous meeting, wliere they had boasted 
that in a week, they would be dining in St. Louis. 

General Ewing arrived in St. Louis in a few days after my 
return, and he and all his command were greatly feted as 
saviors of the city. After this thrilling experience 1 resumed 
my regular routine duties as Medical Director. Among other 
things I was appointed President of a Board to examine appli- 
cants for position as Surgeons, and assistant Surgeons in the 
army. My colleagues were two young assistant Surgeons of the 
regular army. I had a keen remembrance of the ordeal through 
which I had passed a few years before, but my associates, who 
were fresh from College, were disposed to be severe. I fully 
realized that it is much less disturbing to the nerves to ask, 
than to answer questions. 

During the ensuing winter, after Sherman had reached the 
sea, we began to see the beginning of the end, and rejoiced ac- 
cordingly. After Lee's forces snrronderod, the sick released from 
Andcrsonville prison, were brought to Vicksburg by rail, where 
they might be transported to St. Louis by Steamer. The Govern- 
ment had one regular Hospital Steamer, the "Robt. C. Wood," 
which had been in service for a year or two, and was regularly 
fitted up for that purpose, but there were so many sick, that I 
was ordered to charter an additional one. I secured one of the 
large lower-river boats, the Steamer Baltic, fitted her up, and 
took personal charge of her. She could accommodate about 
six hundred patients. I made two trips to Vicksburg, and re- 
turn. Those prisoners were a most pitiable sight, they were so 
emaciated that they could hardly make a shadow. Among other 
supplies, the Sanitary Commission furnished me with fifty kegs 
of beer. As soon as I got them aboard, I gave them beer freely, 
which kept them in a good humor during the trip. 

When we reached St. Louis, many of their fathers and 
mothers, were there to meet them, and these meetings were 
pathetic in the extreme. 

My last duty, in addition to my regular work, was serving on a 
Board of Officers, consisting of one member from each branch 
of tlie service, to select officers to remain in the regular army. 
I could then have secured a position as Surgeon in the army, 
but I had no inclination to do so, and was quite anxious to return 
to private life. 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 161 

Upon the 31st of July, 1865, 1 was mustered out of the service, 
with the rank of Brevet Lieutenant Colonel. As valued memori- 
als of the part, which it was my lot to have taken in the great 
contest, I am now in possession of three commissions, two signed 
by Abraham Lincoln, and one by Andrew Johnson, 

As the years have passed by, it has been a source of constantly 
increasing satisfaction to me, that I entered the service of my 
country in the days of her stress in the Civil War. It enabled 
me to personally meet most of the great men, East and West, who 
rendered such inestimable service to their country, in her time 
of need, besides educating me, in the order, and discipline, so 
necessary in all the walks of life. 



CHAPTER X. 

UETUKN TO CIVIL LIFK. 

AI'IcM" aliiiosi, four ycnrs of slrenuoiis, and exciting life in the 
army, rcluniing again to civil life, seemed very tame. I could 
not reconcile myself to the regular routine of a banking life. 
Previous to entering the army our hank had some husiness in- 
terest with Mr. Jolm S. Wolf, a prominent R. R. contractor, 
and at the time 1 was mustered out, the C, B. & Q. E,. R. was 
about to extend its line from Ottumwa to Clinton, Iowa, a dis- 
tance of (illy miles. Mr. Wolf wished to bid on the work, which 
amounied lo about a million dollars, but alone had not sufficient 
capital, and asked our bank to join him in the enterprise, which 
wo did. '^^I'lie conlract was secured in the name of Jno. S. Wolf 
& Co., and ! left ilie bank, to look after its intei'osts in the 
building of llie road. I knew nothing of the business, save wdiat 
little knowledge I bad gained while ])irector of the road, that 
was built fi'oin (Minton to Cedar IJapids, before the war. Build- 
ing a railroad, is very much like camping in an army; one lives 
in tents, shanties, or box caj's, and is continually on the move, 
so the mode of life was not mucli dill'ci'eid. from what T had been 
accustomed to, for tbe past sevei'al years. The work was let in 
sections, for gi-ading, to numerous sub-contractors, the building 
of the bridges, furnishing I be lies, and laying the track, to 
others. It was tbe duty of the main contractors to travel con- 
stantly up and down the line, and see that the work was prose- 
cuted with due (lilig(>nce, to assist or stir up those who were 
laggard, and have a general supervision of the whole work. 
This kept me on the move all the time. I walked, rode on horse- 
back, or drove a buggy, and gcmerally covered from ten to twenty- 
five miles a day. 1 liked the work exceedingly. It was almost 
as exciting as ai'my life. One had to contend with failures of 
sub-contractors, strikes of laborers, rain, floods and frosts, which 
are all calculated lo keep a man up to concert pitch. We did 
all the work, and furnished all the material, except the rails, 
wdiicb the company delivered to us on cars, at the end of the 
track. 



^I'A'Mouii />. <'.\i:i'NN'ri<:ir 



163 



We l!('<run llir work l;ilr in llic r;ill nf ISIl.^, and liiii; lied il in 
|)('cciiil)(!i-, 1S()(;. VVc llicii Idiik 111!' ciiiil I'jicI from ( 'li.ii'ilori l<» 
y\ri()ii, ;iiinlli(M' liriv mill's, which we cfniiphlrd Ihr in'xl year. 
Hy ih:il (iiiic I ri';^arih'il iiiysi'lf as a ((Uiiiiclciil ( ioiil ladoi', iind 
H((V(!r('d my coiiiiccl idii wilh lh<' haidv a(, (Ifdar h'apids. 'Then, in 
conncclion wilh Mr. Wnirand II. (). An'dc, we <)r;';aiii /cd a new 
(inn, nndcr llic name of Wolf, ('arpcnlcr (V, An;';li'. 'I'lif new 
firm Sfcnri'd Ihf conli'acl \'(>v hnildin,"; (he cxlcnsion nl' |h(> 
(/'., I'>. ('v. (,). rr(tm Aflun lo I Ik; MiKHonri Iv'i vrr, a <lislaiic<' <d' l<)(! 
miles. \V<' a<';r('cd l<> cnmplclc llic cordracl. in ci/^hiccn monlhrt, 
under a roi'leihire nf $1,0(10 pei- day I'ov every day we wen) 
heliMid lime, wilh a IxmnH of IJk! sanu! amonni, for every day W(! 
were in advanei'. \V<' llniHlied I \venl_y-H(!V('n days in ndvanco and 
socnre.l 111,. h.uiiiH of $'i7,00(). 

When we he<;aii iJie work in I he Fall of IHII.S, I he coiinlry 
from Oll.iimwa, lo llie Missouri river, was, very s;|)ar;;elv sellled, 
and none (d' I he e(niiily HcalH, in I he l.ier of Ihe e()iiiilies Ihronj^ii 
vvhieli Ihe road [la, sed had more lliaii liveoi- six hiindi'ed [leoplc, 
and Ihe wihl prairie was only dolled here and lliei-e, hy a lonely 
cahiii. Al Ihis wi'ilitif^', l!H)7, Iherc is a lowii, or Nijjaec, every 
live or si\' miles, s.onie eonlainin;'' several llioiisand pi'ople, IIh; 
whole coiinlry is iiiidei- a hi;di stale of cull ival ion, and IIh; 
cuhinH are I'eplaccd hy eommodioiis Farm houses,. 

OiU' colli raels proved very remiiiieral i ve, and when we linished 
llif! work, we had a surplus oF ahoiil, .$;'00,000. Times were 
iliinli, and we Fell c(pial lo ainiosi any iinderlakiii!'. A local 
company Formed in Iowa, projeclcd a, railroad From ('eilar 
li'apid . I liroiiii^li Oliiimwa, Iowa,, (o llic MiHHonri Hl.ale line, (lici't; 
lo connecl, wil.li ilic "NorlJi Missouri L'ailroad," Ihiis Formin;' a, 
l,liroi|e|| line lo SI. Louis. Our company look: Ihe eonlrael, lo 
hiiild 111!' line. From (!edar IfapidH lo l,li(j Kl.alc line, a dislancc 
oF OIK hundred and lil'ly milcH, and hej';an worF; in llie Fall of 
!H(;!). In Ihe Hpriii;.-- of IH70 we look anolhcr eonlrael, on a lim; 
lo run From llaiinihal, .M(»., lo inlersc(!l, wilh llie norlli MiHHOuri 
line, iKjilh uF Ihe Missouri river-, a diHlain-c oF more Ihati orio 
liiindred miles. This was a, line hacked up hy local, and coiinl.y 
BubHcripiionH. VV(! divide, I our Force;;, and heyan work on hol.J) 
lines. Thine-s niov(!d alonji; well cnmi'di Foi- ahoid, a y':a,r ; Uien 
hard limes hejjan, llic BiibHcrilicru Failed in llieir pa,yrn<'nl:H, nrnl 
llii' cHinlii'S could nol, ;-,cll Ihcir honds. Mavinc Failh in Ihe 



164 AUTOJifOGRAPHY OF 

people, ,111(1 Inistiii*;- for a eli;in<^(^ to the better, we unwisely 
kepi, on workiii.ii;, putting our own capital into the work, with the 
cx])(!clation of iiii ciirly repayiiu'iit. But the times grew worse, 
and finally the railroad eompanies failed, owing us nearly 

$10(),()(»(». 

Having all our available capital in the work, and a debt of 
over $200, ()()(), we were compelled lo suspend. 'I'liis was a sad 
ending of our brilliant prospects of a few years before. We 
sued the companies, obtained judgment, and sold out the work 
and franchis(>s, which our company bought in, because no one 
else would bid. Thus wt; had on hand 130 miles of a graded, and 
partly bridged line of road, which was entirely unavailable. 

Individually, I had taken the contract from our company, to 
build the bridges on one of the lines, and owed on the cons! ruc- 
tion of the same, about $15,000. j\Iy fiilin'e outlook was not 
promising, for besides the individual indebtedness of $15,000, T 
was holder for one-third of the company's debts. Al (hough our 
money was gone, we still had our reputation, and a liniited 
credit. Dissolving the old firm, Mr. Wolf and I secured two 
more eonlracls, one from the C. Vt. & Q. road to build a line 
tweiily miles long, from l'ropli<!tstown lo I^'ulton, ill., and one 
from the N'orlli W'eslern IJ. 11. to build ien miles of road, noi'lli 
from Menominee, in the up[)er peninsula of Michigan. This 
work we aeeoin|)lished in 1.S71, and 1 made enough money to pay 
one-tliird of my individual debt. Then Mr. Wolf and I dis- 
solved parlnership. The next year I secured the contract for 
douhle-lrMcking (he Great Western II. II. of Canada, from Chat- 
ham (() Glencoe, a distance of fifty miles. T executed the work 
during the year, and made a jiroflt of about $20,000, which 
enabled me to pay off all my individual indebtedness, and have 
a small working capital. 

But 1 was still heavily handicap|)ed, by my share of the old 
Company debt, and we were unable lo get any company to take 
hold of (he abandoned lines, in which our capital was sunk. 
Aboul, this lime railroad building was sto]i])ed, over the whole 
country, and T found myself without a business, and with very 
little capital. 

In I.SC.f; 1 liiid moved my family from Cedar Eapids, where 
1 had lived for eightecm years, to Ottumwa, Iowa, and like 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 165 

"Micawber" wiiitod for sojnctliiii-^- lo Lumi up. I. was then forty- 
six years of age, and practically jiad to Ixsgin lil'e anew. 

While looking about for something to do, I met the parties who 
had built the gas works in Ottumwa, and several other towns 
in Iowa. They were still in the business, and after investigation, 
I became associated with them in obtaining a franchise to build, 
and operate gas works in LaSalle, 111., and during the year 1872, 
the company bnill. I Ik; gas-phitit in that city. I thus made 
myself familiar with tin; conKtruclioti, arul o[)(!ration of gas 
works. In 1873, J organized a eonipauy, and l)uilt tti(! gas-works 
in Streator, 111., in which I am still interested. In 1874-5 I 
organized, and built Ihe gas works in Marshalltown, Iowa. In 
187(i, I took th(! contract from the city, and built the water- 
works in Marshalltown. In 1877 I organized a Company, and 
built the gas works in Ap[>lct()ii, Wisconsin. 

In organizing ihe Company, and l)uilding the plants, T had 
but little pecuniary interest, 1 worked uiuJer a salary, and what 
share of llic profits T received, was in the shape of stocks, in the 
various companies, which at that time had little value, but in 
the course of years made many moderate fortunes, t,o those 
who held them. If, however, gave me employment and kept 
hope alive for the future. 

Soon after my removal to Ottnmwn, about 18G7, I organized, 
as a sort of a side issue, a company and built a toll bridge over 
the Des Moines river, at that place. That was a very good in- 
vestment, and my shan; of the tolls, for several years, while I 
was struggling with the financial troubles, growing out of the 
railroad contract, kept the wolf from the door. 

During all the years that T was engaged in the gas business, 
1 never ceased struggling to find some railroad company that 
would take up the abandoned railroad line, thirty miles of which 
was graded, and fifteen miles bridged, which represented an out- 
lay of $300,000. At length in 1878, after the Chicago, Milwau- 
kee & St. Paul Railroad Company had finished their line to 
Cedar "Rapids, they projected an extension, south to Ottumwa, 
and entered into negotiations with "Wolf, Carpenter & Co.," 
who owned tlie abandoned line, which they could utilize in their 
extension. 

We had hoped that we might recover some of our lost capital, 
but railroad companies are remorseless; the best terms that we 



ir;f; ati to biography of 

could iiKikc, were that they would take our road, and pay our 
debts. Personally I was rejoiced at the consinmnalion and felt, 
as "Christian" in the "Pilo^rinis' J'rogress" when lie got rid of his 
])ack. I was once more a Tree maii. I spent the rest of 1878, and 
])ai't of IS79, in assisliiig ilie ('., M. & St. V. road in obtaining 
townslii]) co]iti'ibutions along the line, to aid tlunn in its con- 
struction, and made speeches to the farmers, in cvei-y school- 
house, between Oiinniwa and (Vdnr linpids. At length the deal 
was clos(>d. 

liaili'oad construction had recciv(>d a new impel us, and new 
lines were ])i'()Jec(ed, and being const rucied in various parts of 
the country. My attention was called to a branch of the New 
Oi'leans and Pacific W. 1*. to be constructed from Sbi-eveport, to 
New Orleans, La. 1 was down thei'(> and looked over the line 
which foi' tlu^ most ])art traversed the swamps of Louisiana. I 
made a l)id, and secured the contract for building all bridges, 
IVoni Sbi'cNcporl, to tlie Atclial'alya river, over three hundred in 
nunilter. To succcssrully carry out the contract required much 
]nore c;i|iital than I had; T therefore associated, as a partner, 
wiUi I lie i!()M. S. IL M;ill(U'y, ;i bankcM' of (^linlon, Iowa, who in 
foiiner ycai's had been sul)-c()ntractor under our firm, while 
building ibe ('.. 1'.. & Q. road. During 1879 and 1880, we com- 
])leted Ibe conti'aci, wbieli was a A'cry dillicult, but also a fairly 
pi'olilahle one. in pi'osecut ing the work, we found it necessary 
to j)uy a poi'table saw-mill, and in the division of the tools, and 
olliei' |)i'()|)ei'(y, 1 took Ibe saw mill, as part of my shar(\ In 
getting out the limbei' for bi'idges, I bad become (piite familiar 
with llic lumber business, as well as with the timber resources 
of Ijouisiana, and '^Pexas. 

In 1881 in coiuiection witb -lobn Ii. Jones, the owner of a 
large saw mill in Slircve|i(»rt, La., we took the coidract to fur- 
nish the ties, and bridge timbers, for the Mexican (U'ntral Iv. R. 
between VA Paso del Noi'te, and Chiliuahua, Old Mexico. We 
manufaci iuhmI lumber in nortbeiai Louisiana, and ^'astern Texas, 
and transported it by rail, between six and seven hundred miles. 
We finished the contract, which was ])rofitable, in the latter 
part, of 188"J. In ])i'osccuting tbe work, 1 had become more 
familiar with the lumber business, and also with tbe great tim- 
ber resources of Tjouisiana, especially as to cypress tind)(>r. The 
completion of the New Orleans & Pacific P. P., had opened up 



HMYMOIJK n. dAJtPENTJiJh'. 1G7 

Texas, as a market, and also wlicre it toiicliod the Mississippi 
rivca*, made the north acecssible. I beli(;ved that a large and 
lucrative business trii^lit 1)(! I»iiilt ii|) near any point, vvlicre sbip- 
mciiLs eould be made, west or north, either by river, or rail. 
Plaqiieminc, La., was so situated, and was connected with all tbe 
back swampy region, whcj-e the ('ypress attains its greatest per- 
fection, by a series of navigable bayous, aggregating sevcsral 
hundred mil(;s in extent. I selected that place?, and in connec- 
tion with Jolin S. and I<]lislia i^]ly, cousins of my wife, forjned 
the "(Jarpenter-Ely Manf. (Jo.," and built a sbingk; mill, with 
capacity of .15(),0()() shingles per day. My antieif)a(ions were 
realized, we found a ready market foi- oiif product in 'I\.'xas at 
remunerative prices. Ai'tcir a few years 1 secured the interest 
of the ]^]lys in the concern, and organized the "Cypress Shingle 
and Lumber Co.," of which 1 became J'residcnt, and my sonj 
li. W. Carpenter became Secretary. 1 made a trip to Muskegon, 
Michigan, and securing the services of a first class millwright, 
rebuilt and enlarged the structure, so as to include a saw-mill, 
as well as a sbingle mill, all e(piippcd throughout, with llir most 
improved machinery, it had a, daily capacit,y equal to, if not 
greater than any other in IIk; south. 'IMic advantages of the 
locality attracted other lundti'rnien, and before I left, th(;re 
were more than a dozen (jther mills ou J'laquemine bayou. We 
found that with the greatly increased out-put, a new market 
must he found, and ahoiil tbe year 1885, I )nade a commercial 
trip to the north, where 1 found that I could sell our product 
profitably, in all the cities on the Ohio river, from i'lllshurg 
to Cairo, and to the iidiind towns reached by rail in Ohio, In- 
diana and Illinois, as also in all the country west of tlu; Mis- 
sissippi river. I believe i was the pioneer in opening this back 
region. The business increased from year to year, as did tlie 
lumber interests. Dozens of mills were built in various loca- 
tions, and millions of dollars w(!re invested in ])lants, and where 
a few years before it amountcid to almost nothing, lumbering 
became one of tlie leading industries of Louisiana, and lo ibis 
day it is still increasing. 

About 1885 the "Southern Lumber and Shingle Association" 
was formed at New Orleans. Between thirty and forty mills 
located in gulf states were represented, and I was honored by 
being elected President, and the following year was re-elected, 



168 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

for a second tenn. The object of the Association was to extend 
the trade of the soutliern lumber products. 

In 1884 I secured a commodious house, aiid large grounds, 
wliich had been the home of a sugar planter, now deceased, in 
Plaquemijie, fronting on the Mississippi river, with a command- 
ing view u}) and down that immense stream, for three or four 
miles each way. To this I removed my family, and this was my 
residence until I left the country. There, every winter, my 
house was like a hotel; my children, my wife's and my own rela- 
tives, souglit a resting place from the inclement northern 
climate, and made our house very cheerful. About a year after- 
wards my son, R. W. Carpenter, who had been Superintendent 
of llie ]\iarshalltown, Iowa, gas-works, resigned his position, 
niart'icd, and cainc to live with us. He soon acquired a thorough 
knowledge of tlic business, and in a few years assumed full con- 
trol of tlie manufacturing department. 

I spent my time in looking after the trade, and made semi- 
annual visils to our customers, extending from Pittsburg in the 
east, to Sioux City, and St. Louis in the west, and also to all 
the important towns and cities in Texas. That mode of life, to 
me was congenial, and I look back to it with pleasure. 

In the spring of 1889, I met with the most serious trial of my 
life — my wife, to whom I had l)een jiiarried thirty-nine years 
died. Some years before she had been thrown from a carriage, 
in a runaway accident, and received an injury to the spine, which 
resulted in paralysis, and finally, after great suffering, termin- 
ated her life. To me, during almost forty years, she had been a 
loving companion and friend; she had brought up our children 
willi gi'cal cai'c and sneccss, and managed our household with 
skill; while in every relation of life, she proved herself a most 
estimable woman. Only those who have passed through such 
an ordeal, can fully realize the feelings of a nuin, who late in 
life, is so afflicted. My son's wife then became the head of the 
household, and her bright intelligent, cheerful disposition, and 
executive ability, did much to till up the gap in our family life. 
But another bereavement was in store for me; my son, who 
before leaving the north, had been greatly troubled with catar- 
rhal afTliction, began to decline in health, and developed symp- 
toms of consumption. 

I had him leave the mill, and spend several months in Texas. 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 169 

He returned apparently improved, and again took charge of the 
mill, but he was imprudent, getting up at daylight to go to the 
mill, which was more tlian a mile distant from the house, and 
finally after exposure in a drenching rain, without changing 
clothing, superintended the setting of a machine in the mill. 
This exposure resulted in pneumonia, and his death followed in 
August, 1891. 

Being our only son, it was on his account mainly, that I had 
entered into the lumber business, in order that I might give him 
a fair start in life. He had more than fulfilled all my expecta- 
tions. He was intelligent and energetic, with great mechanical 
ingenuity, and a keen business instinct; he had in a great 
measure, taken all the hard work off my shoulders. He left a 
wife, and a little daughter, six years of age, who was the solace 
of my leisure hours. After his death, the mother returned with 
her daughter, to her family in New Jersey, and I was left alone 
in the large house, with the duties that my son had performed in 
the mill devolving upon me. 

I was then sixty-five years of age, and the work devolving 
upon me was too much for a man of my years. I hired super- 
intendents, but they did not prove very satisfactory, nor did I 
find among the stockholders of our Company, any one of suffi- 
cient capacity to take charge of the m.anufacturing department. 
The business, however, went along satisfactorily so far as divi- 
dends were concerned, but imposing more labor and worry upon 
me, than was agreeable. We had always carried a large insur- 
ance on the plant, at a pretty high rate, but late in 1892, on 
account of frequent fires among the mills, the insurance com- 
panies raised the rate to nine per cent. This we thought exor- 
bitant, and after considerable discussion, concluded to build 
a complete system of water-works, so as to thoroughly protect the 
mill and lumber yard. We went to an expense of $4,000 in- 
stalling steam pumps, water pipes, and hydrants covering the 
mill and adjacent yards. When completed we reduced our 
insurance from $60,000 to $5,000. In June, 1893, the mill took 
fire, from sparks among the saw dust, and in two hours, with 
half our lumber yard, was a mass of ruins. 

This disaster marked another epoch in my life. We took an 
account of our stock, and financial condition. There remained 
enough assets on hand to pay our debts, and have a small surplus. 



170 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

My individual loss was $G5,UU(). None of the stockholders were 
practical hunbcrnien, but they were desirous that we should re- 
buihl and licgin anew\ I was sixty-seven years of age. My son, 
for whom I had worked to estal)lish the business, was dead, and 
finding that i had enough remaining to afford me a very modest 
income, I decided to retire, believing that I had worked long 
enough, after having been for more than forty years, leading a 
most strenuous life. It required several months to close up the 
business, but early in 1894, it was accomplished, and bidding a 
final adieu to the South I came to Chicago, entirely free from 
business, to see what I could make of a life of leisure. 

Wise old Sam Johnson said, that a great city, was the only 
satisfactory place of residence, for a lone man, of advanced years. 
There he could have the advantages of great libraries, could 
meet all manner of conditions of men, and live secluded, or 
might mingle with others, as he chose. It was the central point, 
which all my relatives, who were scattered about in the north- 
west, visited more or less frequently, and there, for the next four 
years I established my headquarters. I found plenty of old 
acquaintances there, and great libraries at my command. In 
short, my time passed very agreeably. I found that I could get 
along very comfortably on a small income, and at length came 
to believe that the burning of the mill, instead of being a calam- 
ity, had proved to be a blessing in disguise. I took very kindly 
to a life of leisure, so entirely devoid of business worries, and 
cares of all kinds. I spent the winter in Chicago, but as soon 
as spring opened, and the leaves came out, I left and went to 
Lancaster, Ohio, where I had many relatives, and spent a couple 
of months, mostly in the country, near the place where I was 
born. From Lancaster, Ohio, I went to Lancaster, Pa., the old 
resting place of our family, where I also spent a couple of 
months. At both places, I devoted a great deal of time to the ex- 
amination of old records, and gathering statistics of family 
history. 

After leaving Lancaster, Pa., I usually made short visits to 
Washington, Philadelphia, and New York, and then back to 
Chicago, reaching there in November. In this way I passed the 
time, from 1894, to 1898. 

In the winter of the hitter year, I had a severe attack of 
grippe. It continued until spring, and even then I did not 
gain strength. My physician advised that a sea voyage would do 



SEYMOUR D. CARPENTER. 171 

me good. I went on my usual trip to Ohio, and Pennsylvania, 
and in August, sailed from New York, for Antwerp, in Belgium. 

I was greatly recuperated by the sea voyage, in fact felt like 
a new man. I traveled leisurely to Cologne, and thence up the 
Ehine, to Mayence, and from there to Berne, Switzerland, where 
I remained a month, looking up the record of my ancestors who 
had left the country just 200 years before. From there, I ijro- 
ceeded to Florence, and thence to Rome, where I remained about 
a year. My stay was prolonged, because I there made the ac- 
quaintance of Mrs. Fanny M. Emerson, an English widow, 
with one child, a daughter, aged ten, who had been living in 
Rome, for some years. I had been a widower, for more than 
ten years, and had no thought of ever marrying again; but 
environment often has much to do with our actions. Being a 
stranger in a strange land, unable to speak the language, I found 
in Mrs. Emerson, a very agreeable person, who spoke four 
European languages, was every way pleasing, and thoroughly 
educated. It occurred to me, that my traveling would be greatly 
facilitated, by having such a companion. By assiduous efforts, 
on my part, she came to the same conclusion, and wo were united 
in marriage, in May, 1900. 

This was a very fortunate event in my life. During the sum- 
mer wo left Rome, and traveled through France, thence to 
England, where we paid a visit to my wife's mother, then resid- 
ing in the village of Harlington, near Hounston Heath, about 
twelve miles from London. From there we proceeded to Oxford, 
and spent some time, looking through the University, and also 
visiting "^Blenheim," the Palace of the Duke of Marlbough. 
Returning to London, we there spent seven or- eight months. 
When spring opened, we returned to Paris, where we remained 
until October; then in Berne, Switzerland, where we passed the 
winter, and where, thanks to my wife's knowledge of the German 
language, I was able to locate the former residence of my an- 
cestors, in the Commune of Wattenville, situate about eighteen 
miles southeast from Berne. In the spring, we returned to 
England, where after a short visit we sailed for America, arriving 
in Chicago in May, 1902, since which time our residence has 
been in this city. 

After a long and arduous life, I am enjoying a happy, and 



1''2 AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF 

tranquil old age. My numerous relatives come occasionally, to 
Chicago, and I have the pleasure of meeting my children, as 
well as my brothers and sisters, two or three times a year. The 
world has dealt kindly with me, and I frankly confess, that T 
am in fact an optimist. 




173 



The Shields of the Zimmermanns of Zwitzerland. 

In the Public Library of the city of Berne, are to be found 
copies of no less than sixteen shields, of the various families, 
and guilds of the Carpenters, in the different Cantons of the 
country. Several of these shields bear a star, indicating a mili- 
tary campaign : others bear a fleur-de-lis, indicating service un- 
der the French flag; and still others bear a crescent, indicating 
that the owner had fought in some war against the Turks. 

The shield stamped on the cover of this book, consisting of 
three broad-axes, argent and or on sable, with the date 1448, is 
the insignia of the guild of Carpenters, in the town of Berne. 
The shield selected by Mrs. Catherine Carpenter Taylor, shows a 
fluer-de-lis, argent, star or on gules, with a yeoman gules, hold- 
ing a fleur-de-lis, argent as crest. This shield is quite appropri- 
ate for the descendants of Henry Carpenter, propositus, since 
he saw service under the French flag, as detailed in this history. 

A copy of this latter shield can be obtained on application 
to the publisher, George ¥. Kreider, M. D., Springfield, Illinois. 



174 



Physicians in the Carpenter Family. 

The first immigrant, the propositus of this branch of the Car- 
penter family in America, was a physician and following in his 
lead, a large number of his descendants have become physicians, 
so that for a period of two hundred years, there has been a Dr. 
Carpenter, of this family, in America, and for almost the whole 
time, a Dr. Henry Carpenter. 

Unfortunately the succession of physicians is about to expire, 
as there is no young Carpenter now practicing, or intending to 
begin the practice of medicine. 

The following list is only a partial one, and the dates are 
probably not entirely correct. 

1. Dr. Henry Carpenter I, practiced in Pennsylvania from 
1698, to 1747, excepting the six years spent in Switzerland. 

2. Dr. Henry Carpenter II, was probably the first Ameri- 
can to graduate at a Continental Medical School, and practiced 
in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, from 1735, to the time of 
his death in 1777. 

3. Dr. Henry Carpenter III, practiced in Lancaster Coun- 
ty from 1760, to 1818. 

4. Dr. John Carpenter, practiced in Lancaster County 
from 1762, to 1810. 

5. Dr. Abraham Carpenter, practiced in Lancaster Coun- 
ty from 1780, to 1830. 

6. Dr. Emanuel Carpenter, practiced in Lancaster Coun- 
ty from 1820, to 1850. 

7. Dr. Paul Carpenter practiced in Lancaster, Ohio, from 
1833, to 1880. 

8. Dr. Henry Carpenter IV, practiced in Lancaster, Penn- 
sylvania from 1841, to 1889. 

9. Dr. Seymour D. Carpenter graduated from University 
of Pennsylvania, in 1849, practiced in Iowa several years, serv- 
ing as Surgeon during the Civil war, and is still living. 

10. Dr. Henry W. Carpenter of Lancaster, Ohio, practiced 
from 1858, through the Civil War, and is now retired. 

11. Dr. George Paul Carpenter has practiced in Cedar 
Eapids, Iowa, from 1869, up to the present time, 1907. 



Genealogical Appendix. 

THE KREIDEE FAMILY. 

The Kreider family having been so closely connected with the 
Carpenter family, for almost two centuries, and the researches of 
Colonel S. D. Carpenter into the genealogical history of the 
Carpenter family, having developed so much of the genealogy of 
the Kreider family ; it was at first intended to issue the history 
of these two families in one volume. For several reasons, this 
has not been considered expedient; but there would seem to be 
no good reason why those branches of the Kreider family, de- 
scended from the union of Michael Kreider, and Susan, and 
Sarah Carpenter, daughters of Colonel Daniel Carpenter, should 
not be included in this appendix. 

The probabilities are that the Kreiders, and the Carpenters, 
were acquainted in the Canton of Berne, Switzerland, before 
their migration to America, and it is certain that the first immi- 
grants of these names, settled within a very short distance of each 
other, on the banks of the Conestoga Creek in Pennsylvania.* 

The first named of this particular branch of Kreiders, was 
John Jacob, Sr., who took up 800 acres of land, on the banks of 
the Conestoga, about 1716. His son was John Jacob, Jr., who 
wrote a will dated 1744, leaving property to his only son, 
Michael, and a daughter Barbara. This will, written in German, 
is on file in the County Court House at Lancaster, Pennsylvania. 
The records from the birth of Michael to the present time are 
reasonably complete. Many branches of the family spell the 
name Cryder. 

The first intermarriage between the Kreider, and Carpenter 
families, was that of Michael Kreider, born July 25, 1742, and 
Susan Carpenter, born about 1744. On the death of Susan, 
Michael married Salome, her sister, who was born in 1753. 

Daniel Kreider the son of Michael, and Susan, married his 
cousin, Salome Carpenter, daughter of Captain Daniel, and 
Mary Leas Carpenter. Their son Michael Zimmerman Kreider, 
married for his second wife, Mary Ann Carpenter, his cousin, 
and daughter of John, and Jane Murry Carpenter. The three 
marriages cover nearly a century of time. 



♦See map on page 18 for location of Kreider plantation. 



DESCENDANTS OF HEINRICH ZIMMERMAN, 

anglicised— HENRY CARPENTER, 

AND SALOME RTJFENER. 

1. Henry Carpenter, b. 1673; d. 1747, 1748 or 1749; m. 
in Switzerland, Salome Eufener, b. 1675; d. 1743. 



2. I. Emanuel Carpenter, b. in Switzerland, 1703; d. 
1780; m. Caroline Line, b. 1701; d. 1785. 

2. II. Gabriel Carpenter, b. in Switzerland, 1704; d. 
1767; m. Appolina Hermann, d, 1792. 

2. III. Christian Carpenter, b. 1707; nnm. or if married 
nothing known of descendants. 

2. IV. Salome Carpenter, b. 1709; d. 1736; m. John 
Wistar. 

2. V. Henry Carpenter, b. 1714; d. 1773; m. Susannah 
Forney, d. 1785. 

2. VI. Daniel Carpenter, b. 1716; d. 1764; m. Magda- 
lena Forney. 

2. VII. Jacob Carpenter, b. 1719; d. 1792; m. (1) Eliz- 
abeth Herr; (2) Susan Miller; (3) Magdalena Kendrick; d. 
1803. 

2. VIII. Mary Carpenter, b. 1722; d. 1750; m. Daniel 
Fiere. 

Children of 
Emanuel Carpenter, and Caroline Line — Second Generation: 

3. I. Catherine Carpenter, b. 1736; m. (1) Frederick 
Yiser; (2) Col. Adam Eeigert. 

3. II. Barbara Carpenter, b. 1738; m. Jacob Fiere.* 

3. III. Elizabeth Carpenter, b. 1740; m. John Groff, 
son of Hans Groff.* 

3. IV. Jacob Carpenter, b. 1741; d. 1797; m. (1) Maria 
Forney in 1764; b. 1749; d. 1790; (2) Anna Maria Youndt 
Carpenter, widow of Jacob, son of Gabriel, b. 1754; d. 1837. 

3. V. Emanuel Carpenter, b. 1744; d. 1822; m. Mary 
Smith, d. 1823. 



♦Nothing known of descer.dants. 



APPENDIX. 177 

Catherine Carpenter^ b. 1736, daughter of Emanuel, 
oldest son, married (1st), Frederick Yiser; (2d) Col. Adam 
Keigert. He conducted the noted tavern, in Lancaster, Pa. 
Her grandson, Emanuel Carpenter Eeigert, b. 1797, d. 1869, 
erected the Monument to the memory of his ancestors Emanuel 
Carpenter, and Caroline Line, mentioned in the text. The de- 
scendants of Col. Adam Eeigert and Catherine Carpenter, are 
numerous in Lancaster County, Pa. 

Children of 
Jacob Carpenter, and Maria Forney — Third Generation: 

4. I Jacob Carpenter, m. (1) Catherine ; (2) 

Polly Carpenter; b. 1778; d. 1832. 

4. II. Emanuel Carpenter, m. Fiere. 

4. III. Catherine Carpenter, ra. Michael Von Kennar.* 
4. IV. Susannah Carpenter, m. Peter Ellmaker. 

Susannah Carpenter, fourth generation, daughter of Jacob 
Carpenter, third generation, married Peter Ellmaker, and 
one of their sons was Honorable Jacob Ellmaker, of Lancaster 
County, Pennsylvania, born at "Walnut Bottom," Leacock Tp., 
Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, February 2, 1787, grandson of 
1st Judge Emanuel Carpenter. He was elected to Congress in 
1814, and in the 27th year of his age. Was President of the 
12th Judicial District of Pennsylvania in 1816, and Attorney- 
General of Pennsylvania in 1818. He was tendered the posi- 
tion of Secretary of War, by President James Monroe, but de- 
clined. In 1832 he was the candidate for Vice President of the 
United States, on the Anti-Masonic Ticket, with the Hon. Wm. 
Wirt. He died November 28, 1851. 

Children of 
Jacob Carpenter, and Polly Carpenter — Fourth Generation: 

George Carpenter, m. Anna Hermann. 

Jacob Carpenter, m. Freyman.* 

Polly Carpenter, m. .* 

Elizabeth Carpenter, m. .* 

Emanuel Carpenter, m. Fena Good.* 

Gabriel Carpenter, m. .* 

Israel Carpenter.* 

♦Nothing known of descendants. 



b. 


I. 


o. 


11. 


5. 


HI. 


5. 


IV. 


5. 


V. 


5. 


VI. 


5. 


VII. 



178 GENEALOGICAL 

Children of 
Georg-e Carpenter, and Anna Hermann — Fifth Generation; 

6. I. Rkujjkn Cakpenteii, rn. . 

C). II. George Carpenter, m. .* 

(). III. David Carpenter, m. .* 

G. IV. Arsalom Carpenter, m. .* 



Child of Reuben Carpenter — Sixth Generation: 

7. I. TTenry Caiipenter. 

Child of Henry Carpenter — Seventh Generation: 

8. 1. Francis Carpentkk, of Lcbiinon County. IVnnsylva- 
nia. Tliis last is the "Carpenter," that is the oldest son, of the 
oldest son, directly descended from "lT(!inrich Ziininernian," the 
inirni<j;rant. 

Children of 
Judge Emanuel Carpenter, and Mary Smith — Third Generation: 

4. I. Samuki, Cai;im:\ti:h, h. 1705; d. 1834; iti. Catherine 
Weidler, b. 1705. 

•1 II. Eltzauktii (!ai(1"kntki!, I). 1771, m. (1) John Car- 
penter; (2) Henry Shellenherger. 

4. Til. Susannah Carpen'i'ki!. h. 1773; h. David Carpen- 
ter, <rrandson of Cabriel, b. 1708; d. 1818. 

4. IV. Kancy Carpenteu. b. 1770; m. William Carpenter, 
grandson of Gabriel. 

4. V. Mai{v Caui>k\tf,u, 1). 1778; d. 1812; in. Cliristian 
Carpenter, <rrandson of Gal)riel, 1). 1708; d. 18;{!). 

4. VI. Salome Cahpe^tku. b. 1771); m. (1) Oavid Sliellen- 
berger; (2) Isaac Koontz. 

^ 4. VII. Emanuel Cakpenter, b. 1783; d. 1818; ni. (1) 
Mary Shellenl)erger; (2) Mary Salome Hess. 

4. VIII. 1?EV. John Cakpiontek, 1). 1785; nnm. 

4. IX. Sebastfan Caupkntki!, I). 1787; m. Mary Gundy; 
moved from Fairfield County, Oliio, and descendants unknown. 

•Nothing known of these familins. 



APPENDIX. 17y 

Children of Mayor Samuel Carpenter, and Catherine Weidler — 
Fourth Generation: 

5. I. Mary Carpentkii, b. 1788; m. Elislia Butler, of 
Chester County.* 

5, II. Eebecca CAKi'JON'ricit, b. 178!) ; m. Jacob Seherer.* 

5. III. Dr. Emanuel Weidler Carpenti;k, b. 1791; d. 
1850; m. Sarah Sangston. 

5. IV. 1{ev. Samuel Carpenter, b. 1794; d. 1870; m. 
Mary Salome Carpenter, nee Hess, widow of Emanuel. 

5. V. Mayor Michael Caupkntkr, b. 170(;; d. IfiCI ; m. 
Leah Bitner. 

Children of 

Dr. Emanuel Weidler Carpenter, and Sarah Sangston — Fifth 

Generation : 

(). I. Samiii<;i> S. (i.MU'i'iNTKi;., (Cincinnati, ()., U. I8'3;5, d. 

1889; ni. (1) Louisa Carman; (2) Mary Macy. 

G. II. Dr. James A. S. Carpentioi;. m. ('IfMnoniia Hopkins. 

G. III. John Edwin (Jarpen'I'KK, m. Anna Kicd'cr. 

6. IV. Emanuel Warner Carpenter, ni. VA\:\ K. Sliacd'cr. 
6. V. Lawrence Charles Carpenter, m. Em ma .Indge. 
(■). vr. CA'rrrERTNE Maima Carpenter, d. 18r)(;. 

G. VII. Anna Eebecca Carpenter, m. Chas. (1. Sicwcrs. 

6. vrir. Susannah Elizabeth Carpenter, m. Wm. KiefFcr. 

6. IX. Sarah Frances Carpenter, m. l^^ngono P. Cnsidor. 
G. x. Mauy Stevens Carpen'I'er, m. Bonjamiu Z. Sbrciner. 

Children of Samuel S. Carpenter, and (1) Louisa Carman, and 
(2) Mary Macy — Sixth Generation: 

Edwin Jamiis Caiu'ENtku, m. Mary A. Gilbert. 
CiTAiiLES S. Carpenter, d. 1889. 

Samuel Warneii Carpenteii, m. Jennie Smilb. 

Saratf Louise Carpenter, m. Peter E. Earrell. 
FitANcrs Giles Caki'Enteii, m. l^^tnma Barred,. 

John Carpenter, d. 1895. 
Eei/ai!Etii Carpenter, d. 1891. 

Children of Second Wife, Mary Macy — Sixth Generation: 

7. viii. Jessie Carpenter, m. Geo. A. Blackman. 
7, IX. Paul Carpenter, m. Elsie Pyckoff 



7. 


I. 


7. 


TI. 


1 . 


in. 


7. 


IV. 


7. 


V. 


7. 


VI. 


7. 


vri, 



♦Nothing known of descendants. 



180 GENEALOGICAL 

Children of Reverend Samuel Carpenter, and Mary Salome 
Carpenter — Fifth Generation : 

6. I. Rebecca Carpenter, m. Charles Shaeffer. 

6. II. Mary Carpenter, m. Rev. James Hervey Buchanan. 

6. III. Laura Catherine Carpenter, b. 1832 ; m. Dr. R. 
E. Pinley, of Xenia, 0. 

Children of Mary Carpenter, and Rev. J. H. Buchanan — 
Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Samuel A. Buchanan, Civil Engineer, Bellefon- 
taine, Ohio. 

7. II. Charles Buchanan, Huntsville, 0., unm. 

7. III. Robert Finley Buchanan, Dentist, Quincy, 111. 

7. IV. Mary Buchanan, m. Mark Wishart. 

Children of 
Laura Carpenter, and Dr. R. E. Finley — Sixth Generation: 

7. Three Sons, and One Daughter, died in infancy. 
7. V. Herman Hess Finley, m. and has several children. 

Children of Mayor 
Michael Carpenter, and Leah Bitner — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Israel Carpenter, m., Hummelstown, Pa.* 
6. II. Emma Carpenter, m. Smith.* 

Children of Emanuel Carpenter, and (1) Mary Shellenherger, 
and (2) Mary Salome Hess — Fourth Generation: 

5. I. Ezra Carpenter, m. Sarah Rees, sister of Mrs. Dr. 
M. Z. Kreider. 

5. II. Augustine Carpenter, m. . Descendants 

unknown. 

5. III. Samuel Carpenter, m. . Descendants un- 
known. 

5. IV. Catherine Carpenter, m. James Cunningliam, of 
Delaware, 0., One son, Benjamin. 

5. V. Sarah Carpenter, daughter 2d wife, d. 1841 ; m. 
James McAboy. 



*Nothing known of descendants. 



APPENDIX. Ibl 

Children of 
Ezra Carpenter, and Sarah Rees — Fifth Generation: 

6. I David Carpentek, m. , Wyoming, Jones Co., 

Iowa. ISTames of children unknown. 

6. II. Capt. Lewis Carpenter, m. , Kansas City, 

Missouri. No children. 

Children of 
Sarah Carpenter, and James McAhoy — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Louise McAboy^ m. Thos. Slaughter, had two sons 
and two daughters. Live in Kansas. 

6. II. Mary, m. (1) Wellington, (3) Dr. Gonzalez. 

Children of Salome Carpenter, and Isaac Koontz: 
— Fourth Generation: 

(1) David Shellonberger ; (3) Isaac Koontz. No children, 
by first husband, by second, the following : 
Julia Koontz, m. Joab Shaeffer.* 
Salome Koontz, m. Martin Landis. 
Isaac Koontz, m. Priscilla Pearse. 
Samuel C. Koontz, m. Ara Pearse. 
Angeline Koontz, m. Dr. Anthony Dennis, 
Eebecca Koontz, m. Thomas White. 

Children of Salome Koontz, and Martin Landis: 
— Fifth Generation: 

6. I. John Landis, m. . 



5. 


I. 


5. 


II. 


5. 


III. 


5. 


IV. 


5. 


V. 


5. 


VI. 



Four daughters, names unknown. 

Children of Isaac Koontz, and Priscilla Pearce; 
— Fifth Generation: 

Samuel Koontz, m. Julia Shaeffer. 

Fannie Koontz, m. Joshua Shaeffer. 

George Koontz, m. Mattie McCoy. 

Albert Koontz, m. Emma Holdon. 
Isaac Carpenter Koontz, m. Lola Lewis. 

John Koontz, m. Georgia Burgoon. 
Children now live at Carthage, Missouri. 

♦ Nothing known of descendants. 



6. 


I. 


6. 


II. 


6. 


III. 


6. 


IV. 


6. 


V. 


6. 

Ch 


VI. 

ildr€ 



182 GENEALOGICAL 

Children of Samuel C. Koontz, and Ara Pearce: 
— Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Ella Koontz.* 

6. II. Albert Koontz, m. Lee.* 

G. IV. Mary Koontz.* 
6. III. Samuel Koontz.* 
6. \Y. Son, name unknown. 

Children of Angeline Koontz, and Dr. Anthony Dennis: 
— Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Charles Dennis, m. Griffith.* 

6. II. Stella V. Dennis, m. Prof. Wm. A. Kellerman, 
Columbus, 0. 

6. III. Sherman Dennis, m. Middau<i-li.* 

6. IV. Waldo Dennis, m. Ellen M. White.* 

6. V. Erank Dennis, vi. Eitchie.* 

Children of Stella V. Dennis, and Prof. Wm. A. Kellerman 
— Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Ivy Kellerman, unm. 

7. II. Karl Kellerman, m. Gertrude Hart. 
7. III. Maude Kellerman, unm. 

Children of Rebecca Koontz, and Thomas White: 
— Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Thomas White, m. .* 

6. II. Alice AVhite, m. St. Clair Pearce, two children, 
Harry, Mary. 

G. III. Mary Wpiite, m. Daniel Tschapp, no children. 
6. IV. Otis White, m. , two children. 

Child of 
Salome Carpenter, and John Wistar — Second Generation: 

3. I. Salome Wistar, m. Dr. Chancellor, of Philadelphia ; 
the Chancellors of Philadelphia, are descendants of his family. 

After the death of his wife, Salome, John Wistar married 
again, and by his second wife, was the father of the celebrated 
Dr. Casper Wistar, of Philadelphia, Pa., who was the half- 



*Nothing known of descendants 



APPENDIX. 183 

brother of Salome Wistar. Salome Wistar inherited from her 
grandfather, Heinrich Zimmerman, 500 acres of land, in Lan- 
caster County, Pennsylvania. 

2. VII. Mary Carpenter, youngest daughter, married 
Daniel Fiere, in 1739, and died in 1750. They had three child- 
ren, two dying unmarried. The surviving child, Mary Fiere, 
married her cousin, John Carpenter, son of Dr. Henry Carpenter, 
third son of Heinrich Zimmerman. 

Children of 
Gabriel Carpenter, and Apalonia Herman — Second Generation: 

3. I. Salome ('akpenter, b. 1727, m. George Line; de- 
scendants, if any, unknown. 

3. II. Christian Carpenter, b. 1729; d. 1800; m. Susan 
Herr, b. 1727; d. 1807. 

3. III. Daniel Carpenter, b. 1732; d. 1764; m. Mary 
Herr; one son, Gabriel. 

3. IV. Mary Carpenter, b. 1733; m. John Smith; de- 
scendants, if any, unknown. 

3. V. John Carpenter, b. 1735; d. 1807; m. Elizabeth 
Scherer, b. 1749; d. 1811. 

3. VI. Sarapi Carpenter, b. 1741; d. 1813; m. John 
Graybill, b. 1734; d. 1797.* 

3. VII. Elizabeth Carpenter, b. 1743; m. George Eckert.* 

3. viii. Catherine Carpenter, b. 1745 ; m. Peter Eckert.* 

3. IX. Jacob Carpenter, b. 1748; d. 1784; m. Anna Maria 
Youndt, b. 1750; d. 1837. After his death, she married another, 
Jacob Carpenter, son of Emanuel. 

Children of 
Christian Carpenter, and Susan Herr — Third Generation: 

4. I. Joel Carpenter, m. Margaret Kilheffer. 

4. II. Daniel Carpenter, b. 1765 ; d. 1839 ; unm. 

4. III. Catherine Carpenter, m. Henry Carpenter, son 
of Henry. (See Henry.) 

4. IV. Col. Jacob Carpenter, b. 1754; d. 1823; unm. 
Colonel in Eevolutionary War. 

4. V. Salome Carpenter, unm. 

4. VI. Susan Carpenter, m. Jacob Forney. Note — One of 
their grandsons was the Hon. John W. Forney, a distinguished 



♦Nothing known of descendants. 



184 GENEALOGICAL 

Editor, and politician, of Pennsylvania, who was in his day, 
a very prominent man. 

4. VII. John Carpenter, b. 1763; d. 1841; unm. First 
School-teacher in Earl Township, Lancaster County, Pennsyl- 
vania. 

4. VIII. Christian Carpenter, b. 17G8; d. 1839; m. Mary 
Carpenter; b. 177G; d. 1842; daughter of Emanuel II. 

4. IX. Mary Carpenter, m. Michael Cover. 

Children of 
Joel Carpenter, and Margaret Killheffer — Fourth Generation: 

5. I. EpitPvAiM Carpenter, m. Julia Kline. 

5. II. Miles Carpenter, m. Mary Hubecker. 

5. III. Giles Carpenter, m. Jane McClintock. 

o. IV. Allen Carpenter, m. Susan Brenison.* 

5. V. Bryan Carpenter, m. . 

5. VI. Charles Carpenter, m. Elizabeth Johnson. 

5. VII. Aaron Carpenter, m. Rebecca Ashburn. 

5. VIII. Elizabeth Carpenter, unm. 

5. IX. Susan Carpenter, m. Leed.* 

5. X. Esther Carpenter, unm. 

5. XI. Sophia Carpenter, num. 

Children of 
Ephraim Carpenter, and Julia Kline — Fifth Generation: 

6. I.. .Eliza Carpenter, m. Chambers Holmes.* 

G. II. Henrietta Carpenter, m. Abram Killian.* 
G. III. Ephraim Carpenter, m. Hannah lihodes.* 
6. IV. Michael Carpenter. 

Children of 
Miles Carpenter, and Mary Hubecker — Fifth Generation: 

G. I. Diana Carpenter, m. Jacob Sheets.* 

G. II. Uriail Carpenter, m. Henrietta Miller.* 

Children of 
Giles Carpenter, and Jane McClintock — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Amanda Carpenter, m. Solomon Weaver.* 
6. II. Margaret Carpenter, m. Philip Lash.* 



*Nothing known of descendants. 



APPENDIX. 185 

0. III. James Carpenter, m. Hetty Barton.* 
6. IV. Martha Carpenter, m. Isaac Beard.* 
6, V. Belinda Carpenter, m. Amos Betters.* 
6. VI. Allen Carpenter, m. Ellen Fees.* 
(). VII. Arabella Carpenter, m. Adam Good.* 
6. VIII. Samuel L. Carpenter, m. Mary McCloud. 
6. Samuel L. Carpenter, of Brownstown, Lancaster Coun- 
ty, Pennsylvania, a prominent business man of Lancaster County, 
who married Mary McLoud, has one child, Stella Carpenter, 
who married Shirk, they have one child, Samuel Car- 
penter Shirk. 

Children of 
Charles Carpenter, and Elizabeth Johnson — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Gabriella Carpenter, m. (1) Samuel Mohler; (2) 
David Good.* 

6. II. Jane A. Carpenter, m. Kudy Hahn.* 

Miranda Carpenter, m. Christian Flick.* 
BusHROD W. Carpenter, m. Elizabeth Merrick.* 
Josephine Carpenter, m. Israel Disinger.* 
CoRDiANA Carpenter, m. David Harking.* 
Elizabeth Carpenter, m. David Moonshower.* 
. Catherine Carpenter, m. W. A. Norton.* 
Johnson Carpenter, unm. 
Augustus Carpenter, m. Cherry Kline.* 

Children of 
Aaron Carpenter, and Rebecca Ashburn — Fifth Generation : 

6. I. Lucy Carpenter, m. William Wernihold. 

6. II. Susan Carpenter, m. Leeds. 

6. III. Catherine Carpenter, m. Swartz. 

Children of 
Christian Carpenter, and Mary Carpenter — Fourth Generation: 

5. I. Levi Carpenter, unm. 
5. II. Israel Carpenter, unm. 
5. III. Gabriel Carpenter, m. Matilda Connell. 
5. IV. Dr. Paul Carpenter, b. 1810; d. 1880; m. (1) 
Mary Camion; (2) Mary Ann Fetter. 



6. 


III. 


6. 


IV. 


6. 


V. 


6. 


VI. 


6. 


VII. 


6. 


VIII, 


6. 


IX. 


6. 


X. 



*Nothlng known of descendants. 



186 GENEALOGICAL 

5. V. Lucy Carpenter, m. Peter Eckert.* 

5. VI. Sarah Carpenter, m. John K. Eeed.* 

5. VII. William Carpenter, b. 1812; d. 1875; m. Caroline 

Eichler, b. 1824; d. 1893. 

5. VIII. Francis Carpenter, m. Josephine Woltz; one 

son, Francis. 

5. IX. Elizabeth Carpenter, m. John Levering. 

Children of 
Gabriel Carpenter, and Matilda Connell — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Elizabeth Carpenter, m. Dr. King of Mononga- 
hela City, Pa. 

6. II. John Carpenter, unni. 

Children of 
Dr. Paul Carpenter, and Mary Cannon — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Dr. Henry W. Carpenter, Lancaster, 0., m. Kate 
Clark; no issue. 

6. II. Ellen Carpenter, m. W. J. Carty. 

Children of 
Dr. Paul Carpenter, and Mary Ann Fetter — Fifth Generation: 

6. III. Dr. George P. (/ahpenter. Cedar Rapids, Iowa. 
6. IV. Jennie Carpenter, in. De Long. 
6. V. Laura Carpenter, iinm. 

Children of 
William Carpenter, and Caroline Eichler — Fifth Generation: 

G. I. Albert Carpenter, m. Elizabeth Eckert. 

6. II. Mary Carpenter, ni, Henry McConoiuy. 

6. III. Catherine Carpenter, m. John J. McGrann. 

6. IV. Caroline Carpenter, in. Jacob Baer. 

G. V. Ellen Carpenter, m. Col. Wm. P. Gerhart. 

G. VI. Emma Carpenter, imin. 

G. VII. William Carpenter, nnm. 

G. viii. Elizabeth Carpenter, nnm. 

G. i\'. Israel Carpenter, nnm. 

6. X. Stella Carpenter, m. J. W. I^elson, Pittsburg, Pa. 

G. XI. Henry Carpenter, m. Helen S. Wiley; no children. 

♦ Nothing known of descendants. 



6. 


XII. 


G. 


XIII. 


6. 


XIV. 


6. 


XV. 



APPENDIX. 187 

Salome Carpentek, imm. 
Paul Carpenter, unm. 
Charles Carpenter, unm. 
Annie B. Carpenter, unm. 

Children of 
John Carpenter, and Elizabeth Scherer — Third Generation: 

4. I. Judge Samuel Carpenter, b. 17G3; d. 1821, unm. 

4. II. John Carpenter, b. 1766; d. 1815; m. Elizabeth 
Carpenter, daughter of Emanuel II. 

4. III. David Carpenter, b. 1768; d. 1847; m. Susannah 
Carpenter, b. 1773; d. 1840; daughter of Emanuel II. 

4. rv. William Carpenter, b. 1779; d. 1824; m. Anna 
Carpenter, daughter of Emanuel II. 

4. V. Mary Carpenter, b. 1781; d. 1853; m. Jacob 
Merkel, b. 1773, Shiremanstown, Pa. 

Children of 
John Carpenter, and Elizabeth Carpenter — Fourth G-eneration: 

5. I. Israel Carpenter, b. 1795; d; m. Susan Hess, b. 
1797; d. 

5. II. Diana Carpenter, b. 1797; m. John Van Pearce. 

5. III. Lucy Carpenter, unm. 

After the death of John Carpenter, in 1815, his widow mar- 
ried Henry Shellcnberger, by whom she had two sons, Edwin, 
and Henry Shellenberger. 

Children of 
Diana Carpenter, and John V. Pearce — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. John Carpenter Pearce, b. 1821; d. 1850; unm. 
6. II. James Pearce, b. 1824; d. 1851; unm. 

6. III. Albina Pearce, unm. 

6. IV. Eliza Pearce, m. Swinehart; one son, John 

Swinehart. 

Children of 
Israel Carpenter, and Susan Hess — Fifth Generation: 

After their marriage, lived at Bellepoint, Delaware County, 
Ohio; moved in 1835, to Shelby County, Illinois. She was a 
sister of Mrs. Henry Kreider, Mrs. Emanuel Kreider, and Mrs. 
Eev. Samuel Carpenter. 



188 GENEALOGICAL 

6. I. Maria Carpenter^ b. 1817; in. David Freshwater, 
of Delaware County, Ohio; thirteen chihlren. 

6. II. Catherine Carpenter, b. 1819, m. (1) Wm. 
Walker; (3) Foshay. 

6. II. John Carpenter, b. 1821, unm. 

6. IV. Henry Carpenter, b. 1823, m. Sarah Downs. 

6. V. Martha Ann Carpenter, b. 1825, unm. 

G. VI. Michael Carpenter, b. 1827, m. Eliza Teasley. 

6. VII. Israel Carpenter, b. 1829, died young. 

6. VIII. Diana Carpenter, b. 1831, m. Alfred Vigal. 

6. IX. William Carpenter, b. 1833, died young. 

G. X. Walter Scott, b. 1835, ni. (1) Ellen Brunk; (2) 
Laura A. Gravett. 

6. XI. Balthazer Carpenter, b. 1837, died young. 

Children of 
Catharine Carpenter, and Wm. "Walker — Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Minnie Walker, m. 

7. II. Sylvia Walker, m. Beach; three children; 

West Jefferson, Ohio. 

7. III. Leonora Walker, m. Milligan ; no issue. 

7. IV. Diana Walker. 

Children of 
Henry Carpenter, and Sarah Downs — Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Geo. Carpenter, m. — - — McDonald; one child, 
Georgiana. 

7. II. James Walter Carpenter, m. Jones, several 

children. 

7. III. Alex. Carpenter, ni. , several children ; live 

near Mexico, Mo. 

7. IV. Alonzo Carpenter, m. Bruner; three chil- 
dren, living. 

7. V. Nora Carpenter, m. Hebel, four children. 

Children of 
Michael Carpenter, and Eliza Teasley— Sixth Generation. 

7. I. John Carpenter, m. Lydia Clarke; three children, 
Pearl, Lillie, and Bernice. 



APPENDIX. 189 

7. II. Thaddeus Carpenter, m. Nettie Jones, no children. 

7. III. Louisa Carpenter, d. 

7. IV. Charles Carpenter. 

7. V. Susan Carpenter, m. (1) James Craven, (2) Fred 
Baldwin; three children, Lucile, Georgiana, and Ola. 

7. VI. Ella Carpenter, m. (1) Frank Jackson, one child. 
Goldie aMy; (2) Carlos Josson, a son Walter Harlan Josson. 

7. VII. Diana Carpenter, m. Alfred Vigal, four children, 
Clara m. Jones, four children; Antonia m. Dodson, three chil- 
dren ; Stephen m. May Matthew, no children ; Minnie m. Vancil, 
three or four children. 

Children of 
Walter Scott Carpenter, and Ellen Brunk — Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Charles Carpenter. 

7. II. Jacob Carpenter. 

7. III. George Carpenter. 

7. IV. Katie Carpenter, ra. John Anderson, two children. 

Children of 
David Carpenter, and Susannah Carpenter — Fourth Generation: 

5. I. Maria Carpenter, b. 1795; d. 1875; m. Andrew 
Pearce. 

5. II. Elizabeth Carpenter, b. 1796 ; ra. William Cook. 

5. III. Gabriel Carpenter, b. 1801; d. 1881; m. (1) Cath- 
erine Pearce, b. 1802; d. 1847; (2) Maria Clifton. 

5. IV. EzEKiEL Carpenter, b. 1804; imm. 

5. V. Neiiemiah Carpenter, b. 1808; m. Mary Johnston. 

Children of 
Maria Carpenter, and Andrew Pearce — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Priscilla Pearce, m. Isaac Koontz, 6 children. 

6. II. Susannah Pearce, m. James McAboy, 3 children. 

6. III. Eebecca Pearce, m. Dr. James Smith, 1 child. 

6. IV. Salem Pearce, m. Laura Abbott, 3 children. 

6. V. John Pearce, m. Cynthia Fuller, 2 children. 

6. VI. James Pearce. m. Cormonv, 5 children. 



190 GENEALOGICAL 

Children of 
Elizabeth Carpenter, and William Cook — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Sarah Cook^ m. Cornell. 

6. II. Mary Cook, m. . 

6. III. Susan Cook, m. Johnson Cook. 

6. IV. Catherine Cook, m. John Lee. 

6. V. Maria Cook, m. John Fisher. 

6. VI. Wesley Cook, m. 

Children of 
Gabriel Carpenter, and Catherine Pearce — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Seymour David Carpenter, b. 1826; m. (1) Sarah 
Weare^ d; (2) Fannie M. Emerson. 

6. II. Eebecca Carpenter, b. 1828; unm. 

6. III. Mary Carpenter, b. 1830; m. George Weare. 

6. IV. Emanuel Carpenter, b. 1832; m. Catherine Suther- 
land. 

6. V. Susannah Carpenter, b. 1834; m. Henry B. Stibbs, 

Children of 
Gabriel Carpenter, and Maria Clifton — Fifth Generation: 

6. VI. John Carpenter, d. 1898, unm. 

6. VII. Taylor Carpenter, m. Maude Woodward. 

6. VIII. George Carpenter, m. 1893, Ada Salter. 

Children of 
Seymour D. Carpenter, and (1 ) Sarah Weare — Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Katherine Carpenter, m. J. Asbury Taylor. 
7. II. Mary Carpenter, m. Albert G. Harrow. 

7. III. Sarah Carpenter, m. Wm. D. Elliott; one boy, 
William Dalrymple Elliott. 

7. IV. Ealph Weare Carpenter, m. Grace Harrod; one 
daughter, Edith Weare Carpenter. 

Child of 
Mary Carpenter, and Albert G. Harrow — Seventh Generation: 

8. I. Grace Harrow, m. J. Kudy Smith ; one child, Natalie 
Smith. 



APPENDIX. 191 

Child of Susan Carpenter, and Henry B. Stibbs 
— Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Mary Stibbs, m. Albert Higley; one daughter. Pru- 
dence Higley. 

Children of Emanuel B. Carpenter, and Catherine Sutherland — 
Sixth Generation: 

7. I. John Caepenter. 

7. II. Henry Carpenter. 

7. III. Edward Carpenter. 

7. IV. Arcpiibald Carpenter. 

7. V. Seymour David Carpenter. 

Children of 
Mary Carpenter, and George Weare — Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Henry Gabriel Weare, m. Jane Eobinson. 
7. II. Susannah H. Weare, unm. 

7. III. Kitty Carpenter, m. (1) John Herbert Nason; 
(2) Guy Cyrus Kich. 

7. IV. Mary Ely Weare, m. Howard Gilpin Peirce. 

Children of Kitty Carpenter Weare, and John Herbert Nason — 
Seventh Generation: 

8. I. Mary Weare Nason, \\\. Paul Culver Howe. 
8. II. Kitty Baily Nason. 

8. III. Henry Weare Nason. 
8. IV. George Weare Nason. 
8. V. John Herbert Nason. 

Children of Mary Ely Weare, and Howard Gilpin Peirce — 
Seventh Generation: 

8. I Howard Gilpin Peirce. 
8. II. Susanna Weare Peirce. 
8. III. George Ashley Peirce. 

Children of 
William Carpenter, and Nancy Carpenter — Fourth Generation: 

5. I. Thomas Carpenter, ra. Wicizer. 

5. II. Emanuel Carpenter, unm. 
5. III. Martha Carpenter, unm. 
5. IV. John Carpenter, m. . 



192 GENEALOGICAL 

5. V. Maria Carpenter, m. Isaiah Brooks. 
All removed from Ohio, and descendants unknown 

Children of 
George Carpenter, and Ada Salter — Sixth Generation: 

7. I. George Kenyon Carpenter. 

7. II. John Gabriel Carpenter. 

7. III. Amy Ann Carpenter. 

7. IV. Ada Bartlett Carpenter. 

Children of Nehemiah (Hama) Carpenter, and Mary Johnston — 
Fifth Generation. 

6. I. Amanda Carpenter, m. Norman Clark.* 
6. II. Eebecca Carpenter, m. Daniel Canode.* 

6. III. James S. Carpenter, m. ■ Kluniph.* 

6. IV. Ezekiel Carpenter, m. C*rook.* 

G. V. David Carpenter, m. ]\Iiirritt.* 

6. VI. Kate Carpenter, m. McArtliur.* 

6. VII. Paul Carpenter, m. .* 

6. VIII. Gabriel Carpenter, m. ■ .* 

6. IX. Maria Carpenter, m. Hinson.* 

6. X. Zachary Carpenter, m. .* 

6. XI. Louisa Carpenter.* 
6. XII. Mary Carpenter.* 

6. XIII. Samuel Carpenter, m. .* 

All live in Kansas and Oklahoma. 

Children of 
Mary Carpenter, and Jacoh Merkel — Fourth Generation: 

5. Levi Mere:el, b. 1803; d. 1876; m. Susan Martin. 

Children of 
Levi Merkel, and Susannah Martin — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. David Eittenhouse Merkel, b. 1825 ; m. Sarah Jane 
Eberly. 

6. II. Mary Carpenter Merkel, b. 1841 ; m. Christian B. 

Niesly, b. 1834; d. 1888. 

6. III. Barbara Hessing Merkel, b. 1846; m. John B. 
Landis. 



Nothing known of descendants. 



APPENDIX. 193 

6. IV. Naomi Susannah Merkel,, b. IS.IO ; m. 1887, John 
C. Long, b. 1847. 

6. V. James Weir Merkel, b. 1853; d. 1886; m. 

Children of David Rittenhouse Merkel, and Sarah Jane Eberly 
— Sixth Generation : 

7. I. EoMAiNE Merkel, m. Michael Wm. Jacobs. 

Children of Romaine Merkel, and Michael Wm. Jacobs 
— Seventh Generation : 

8. I. Merkel Henry Jacobs, b. 1884. 
8. II. Michael Wm. Jacobs, b. 188G. 
8. III. Sarah Jacobs, b. 1888. 

8. IV. George Eobert Jacobs, b. 1890. 

Children of Mary Carpenter Merkel, and Christian B. Niesly: 
— Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Dr. C. M. Niesley, m. Caroline W. Eeigart. 

Children of 

Er. Charles Merkel Niesly, and Caroline W. Reigart: 

— Seventh Generation: 

8. I. Charles Eeigart Niesly, b. 1893. 
8. II. Paul Niesley, b. 1895. 

Children of Barbara Hessing Merkel, and Capt. John B. Landis: 
— Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Norman Landis, b. 1873. 

7. II. Merkel Landis, b. 1875. 

7. III. Naomi Landis, b. 1877. 

7. IV. Ollie Landis, b. 1881. 

7. V. Kenneth Landis, b. 1885. 

Child of Naomi Susannah Merkel, and John C. Long: 
— Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Naomi Merkel Long, b. 1890. 

Note. The Merkel famil}^ have been prominent in Cumber- 
land Co., Pa., for more than a century. Jacob, who married 
Mary Carpenter, in 1798, was noted for his thrift and intelli- 
gence. He accumulated quite a respectable fortune. His son. 



194 GENEALOGICAL 

Levi, was a worthy descGiidant, aud had the respect of all who 
knew him. He was a ineinber of the Second Constitutional 
Convention of Pennsylvania and was long a prominent ban- 
ker, Cumberland County. He left all his children in com- 
fortable circumstances. His eldest son David Eittenhouse Mer- 
kel occupies the old home place, several hundred acres in extent, 
where his grand father Jacob died. He is a highly educated 
and accomplished gentleman, who in reading and thought is en- 
tirely abreast of the age. His son-in-law, Michael Wm. Jacobs, 
is a prominent lawyer in Harris])urgh, Pa. The three daughters 
of Levi Merkel, residents of Cumberland Co., Mrs. Niesly, Mrs. 
Landis and Mrs. Long, are all superior women and a credit to 
their family. Mrs. Niesley's son Charles, is a prominent physi- 
cian, practicing at Manhasset, Long Island, near New York 
City. Capt. John B. Landis, a civil war veteran, has long been 
a leading lawyer in Carlisle, where also Mr. Long is a respected 
citizen. 

Children of 
Jacob Carpenter, and Anna Maria Youndt — Third Generation: 

4. I. George Caepe^'teu, b. ITTo; d. 179S, uinii. 

4. II. Elizabeth Carpenter, b. 1775; m. Jacob Weid- 
man.* 

4. III. Anna Maria — Nancy — Carpenter, b. 1777; m. 
George Eichelberger.* 

4. IV. Polly Carpenter, 1). 1778; d. 1832; m. Jacob Car- 
penter; grandson of Emanuel. See Emanuel. 

4. v. Jacob Carpenter, b. 1784; d. 1817; m. Ptcbecca 
Hollacher.* 

4. VI. Gabriel Carpenter, b. 1781; d. 1807; m. .* 

Children of 
Jacob Carpenter, son of Jacob, son of Gabriel, and Rebecca Hol- 
lacher — Fourth Generation : 

5. I. Charles Carpenter, m. Harriet Heiser. 
5. II. J acob Carpente r. 

h. III. Samuel Carpenter. 
5. IV. John Carpenter, m. Anne Brittoo. 
5. V. Harriet Carpenter. 

5. VI. Mary Carpenter, old Lady, who in 1899, lived near 
Carpenter's Graveyard, Earlville. Pa. 



Nothing known of descendants. 



APPENDIX. . 195 

Children of 
Dr. Henry Carpenter, and Susan Forney — Second Generation: 

3. I. Dr. John Carpenter, b. 1737; d. 1798; m. (1) Mary 
Fiere; (2) Susannah Hartmann, b. 1745; d. 1822. 

3. II. Dr. Henry Carpenter, b. 1747; d. 1820; m. Cath- 
erine Carpenter, daiigliter of Christian, b. 1757; d. 1826. 
3. III. Barbara Carpenter, m. Jacob DcHoff.* 
3. IV. Susan Carpenter, m. (1) Christian Eeigart; (2) 
Col. Thos. Edwards.* 

3. V. Mary Carpenter, m. John Smith.* 

3. VI. Abraham Carpenter, m. Esther Hoffner.* 

3. VII. Salome Carpenter, m. John Offner.* 

Children of 
Dr. John Carpenter, and Mary Fiere— Third Generation: 

4. I. Mary Carpenter, m. John Smith. 

4. II. Abraham Carpenter, b. 1759; d. 1815; m. Salome 
Smith, b. 1762; d. 1827. 

Children of 
Dr. John Carpenter, and Susannah Hartman : 

4. III. Susan Carpenter, m. Frederick Yiser. 

4. IV. Salome Carpenter, m. Joseph LeFevre. 

Children of 

Dr. Abraham Carpenter, and Salome Smith — 

Fourth Generation: 

5. I Henry A. Carpenter, m. Jane Burroughs. B u -{ •; 
5. II. Dr. John Carpenter, m. Mary Gibbons. 

5. III. Susannah Carpenter, b. 1783; d. 1836; m. Wm. 
€. Frazer,b. 1776; d. 1838. 

5. IV. Matilda Carpenter, m. Isaac Burroughs. 
5. V. Harriet Carpenter, m. F. S. Burroughs. 

5. VI. Mary Carpenter, unm. 

Children of 
Susannah Carpenter, and William C. Frazer— Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Judge Eeah Frazer, b. 1804; d. 1856. 

6. II. Dr. Abraham Carpenter Frazer, b. 1806 ; d. 1828. 
6. iiL Mary Clark Frazer, b. 1808; d. 1830; m. Eev. 



♦Nothing known of descendants. 



196 GENEALOGICAL 

Jas. i\ Wilson. 

G. IV. IjIkut. Wm. FitAZEii, b. LSI 5. 

Cai't. William Frazei{, b. 1735; d. 1817, was Colonel of the 
"Delaware Light Horse," during the Kevolution. He is buried 
in New Castle, Del. His wives, were Maiy Clark, Mary O'Hara, 
and Mary Keali. ITis son, was Hon. Win. (!|ark Frazer, b. 1776; 
d. 183S. Native of Kent County, Del.; was a graduate of 
Princeton i]i 171)7. Eead law in Jjancasler, Pa., with Wra. Mont- 
gomery, admitted to practice in 1801. Practiced in New Castle, 
Del., nntil 1813, then settled in Lancaster, and practiced there 
until 183{i, wlien he was appointed by President Jackson one of 
the Supreme Judges of Wisconsin, which ofricc he filled until 
his death in 1838. As a lawyer and Judge, he was distinguished. 
His wife was Susannah Carpenter,* born 1783, died 1836, 
daughter of Abraham Carpentei-, of "Carpenter Hall," and 
Salome Sniitli ; and a granddaughter of John Carpenter, and 
Mary Fiere. His children were Col. Ifeah Frazer, born at "Car- 
penter Hall," Laneaslei' Counly, Pa.. June ri7, 1801, died in 
Lancaster County, l*a., Dec. 30, I.Saii. Abraham Car])enter 
Frazer, M. D., born New Castle, Feb. 6, 1806, graduated at 
University of Pennsylvania, 1S35, died at "Carpenter Hall," in 
1828. Mary Clark Frazer, born at New Castle, Del., Nov, 27, 
1808, married Rev. James P. Wilson, April 7, 1830, died at 
Noshominy, Pa., a woman of great beauty, and line culture. 
Lieut. Wm. Frazer, born at New Castle, Del., Nov. 21, 1815. 
Graduated from West Point 1836, and s(>rvcd with distinction 
in the Seminole war. Died at Lancaster, Pa., 1844. Peah 
Frazer married Abby Ann Steele of Harmony Hall, Lancaster 
County, Pa. She was born Aug. 9, 1821, and died May 20, 
1887. Her father was Captain John Steele of the war of 1812, 
and his wife, Jane Porter Steele. She was a grand-daughter of 
William Porter, born 1750, died 1809, and Sarah Ham- 
ilton, born 1762, and died 1815. Hei- paternal grand- 
father, Gen, John Porter, served in the Pevolutionary War, 
and was subsequently Collector of the Port of Philadelphia. 
The children of Col. Eeah Frazer, and Abby Ann Frazer, are 
Susan Carpenter Frazer. H(mry Carpenter Frazer of Pittsburg 
burg, a civil engineer, died 1903. Peah Frazer Frazer, a pay- 
master in the TJ. S. Navy, since 1875, and J. P. Wilson Frazer, 
a merchant in Philadelphia, who died in 1905. 



♦Her portrait page 42. 



APPENDIX. 197 

Children of 
Rhea Fraz-er, and Abby Ann Steele — Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Susan Carpenter Fkazei;, imm. 

7. II. Henry Carpenter Frazer, d. 1903. 

7. III. Eeaii Frazer, m. Sallie Watterman. 

7. IV. James P. Wilson Frazer, unm,, d. 1905. 

Children of 
Salome Carpenter, and Joseph Lefevre — Fourth Generation: 

5. I. Susannah Lefevre, m. Jos. Lightner.* 
5. II. John C. Lefevre. 
5. III. Joseph Lefevre. 

Children of 
Henry Carpenter, and Catherine Carpenter — Third Generation: 

4. II. Henry Carpenter, m. Mary Ann Cooke. 

4. III. Daniel Carpenter, merchant in Lancaster. 

4. IV. Mary Carpenter. 

4. V. Susannah Carpenter, m. John McCleary. 

4. VI. Dr. John Carpenter, m. Massey Gibbons. 

4. VII. Isaac Carpenter, b. 178:5 ; d. 18:38; m. Ann Garber, 
b. 1788; d. 1855. 

Children of Henry Carpenter, and Mary Ann Cooke — Fourth 

Generation : 

5, I. Catherine Carpenter, unni. 
5. II. James Carpenter, unm. 

5. III. Dr. Henry Carpenter, b. 1810; d. 1887; m. (1) 
Louise Mathiot; (2) Laura Miller; (3) Sarah Boardman. 

5. IV. Andrew Jackson Carpenter, m. Withers, 

one son Joseph. 

5. V. Isaac Carpenter, no issue. 

5. VI. Alexander Carpenter, no issue. 

5. VII. Louisa Carpenter, unm. 

Children of 
Dr. Henry Carpenter, and Louise Mathiot — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Mary Carpenter, m. C. Carpenter. 

6. II. Catherine Carpenter, m. Dr. Robert Bolenius. 
6. III. Sarah Carpenter, m. John Hubley. 



198 GENEALOGICAL 

Children of 
Mary Carpenter, and Clay Carpenter — Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Anna Louisa Carpenter,. 
7. II. Henry Carpenter. 

Children of Katherine Carpenter, and Dr. Robt. Bolenius — Sixth 

Generation : 

I. Emma Miller Bolenius. 

II. Mary Carpenter Bolenius. 

III. Henry Carpenter Bolenius. 

IV. Adolphus William Bolenius. 

V. Katherine Carpenter Bolenius. 

Children of 
Sarah Carpenter, and John Hubley — Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Henry Carpenter Hubley. 

7. II. Paul M. Hubley. 

7. III. Eobert Bolenius Hubley. 

7. IV. John A. Hubley. 

7. V. Sarah Helen Hubley. 

Children of R ' ' 
Henry A. Carpenter, and Jane Burroughs — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Abraham Carpenter, m. ]\Iary Weir. 

G. II. *TnoMAS H. Carpenter, m. Anne Kilkenny. 

Children of 
Susannah Carpenter, and John McCleary — Fourth Generation: 

5. I. Carpenter McCleary. 
5, II. Joseph McCleary. 

5, III. Daughter, m. Balthaser Eutter. 

Children of 
Dr. John Carpenter, and Massey Gibbons — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Salome Carpenter, b. 1803; ni. Thomas Burroughs, 
b. ISOl ; d. 1871. They had sixteen children. 



♦First Lieutenant 17th Pennsylvania Infantry. Brevet Major March, 
1865, for gallant services at the battle of Gettysburg. In regular army 
until retired. 



APPENDIX. 199 

Children of 
Abraham Carpenter, and Esther Haffner — Third Generation: 

4. I. Henry Carpenter. 

4, II. Dr. Abraham Carpenter, physician, Lancaster, Pa. 

4. III. Mary Carpenter, m. John Eiley. 

4. IV. Esther Carpenter, imm. 

4. V. Eebecca Carpenter, m. Andrew Hewlett. 

4. VI. Elizabeth Carpenter; b. 1777; d. 1821; m. Jacob 
Weidler. 

4. VII. Susannah Carpenter; b. 1781; d. 1843; m. John 
Withers. 

4. VIII. Leah Carpenter, m. Paul Johns. 

DESCENDANTS OF DANIEL CARPENTER, FIFTH SON OF 

HEINRICH ZIMMERMANN, BORN ABOUT 

THE YEAR 1716, DIED IN 1766. 

Children of 
Daniel Carpenter, and Magdalena Forney — Second Generation: 

3. I. Mary Carpenter, b. 1738 ; m. Jeremiah Eichards.* 

3. II. Christian Carpenter, b. 1740; m. Christina 
Christ.* 

3. III. Susannah Carpenter, b. 1742; d. 1776; m. 
Michael Kreider; b. 1742; d. 1816. 

3. IV. Salome Carpenter, b. 175^; m. Michael Kreider, 
(2d wife) ; d. about 1820. 

3. V. Daniel Carpenter, b. 1748; d. 1827; m. Mary Leas, 
b. 1755; d. 1828. 

3. VI. Elizabeth Carpenter, b. 1752; m. Col. Curtis 
Grubb ; two children ; both died without issue. 

3. VIII. John Carpenter, b. 1754.* 

3. VIII. Benjamin Carpenter, b. 1756.* 

Children of 
Captain Daniel Carpenter, and Mary Leas — Third Generation: 

Date of Marriage, August 5, 1778. 

4. I. Salome Carpenter, b. 1782; d. 1820; buried in 
cemetery at Huntingdon, Pa. ; m. Daniel Kreider, her cousin. 

4. II. John Carpenter, b. 1783; m. Jane Murry; d. 1867. 



•Nothing known of descendants. 



200 GENEALOGICAL 

4. III. Mary Carpenter, b. 1787. 

4. IV. Minerva Carrenter, b. 1789; d. 1814; buried in 
cemetery at Huntingdon; unm. 

4. V. Daniel Carpenter, b. 1792; d. 1864; m. (1) 
Veronica Long; (2) Barbara Eeeder. 

4. VI. Samuel L. Carpenter, b. 1795; d.l87G; m. Keziah 
Irvine; two eliildi'on; d. in infancy. 

Children of 
John Carpenter, and Jane Murry — Fourth Generation: 

5. I. Mary Ann Carpenter, b. 1816; d. 1898; m. Dr. 
Michael Z. Kreider; b. 1803; d. 1855. 

5. II. Jeremiah Murry Carpenter, b. 1818; m. Eleanor 
McFadden. 

5, III. James M. Carpenter, b. 1822 ; m. Mrs. Anna Bur- 
rell, nee Eichardson. 

5. IV. Satiah Carpenter, unm.; b. 1823; d. 1907. 

5. V. Cu];tjs Grubb and i>i:m;K.\ii Jane, d. young. 

Children of 
Jeremiah Carpenter, and Eleanor McFadden — Fifth Generation : 

6. I. Mary Elizabeth Carpenter, m. James McJunkin. 
6. II. John Carpenter, m. Isabella M. Hermon. 

6. III. James McFadden Carpenter, m. Mary Knox. 
('). IV. Jeremiah M. Carpenter, ; died young. 

6. Judge Samuel Leas Carpenter, m. Grace Boyd. 

0. VI. Bertha Eleanor. Carpenter, m. Wm. F. Mc- 
Crackon. 

Children of 
John Carpenter, and Isabella M. Hermon — Sixth Generation: 

7. 1. Samuel E. H. Carpenter. 
7. II. Martha Carpenter. 

7. III. William Carpenter. 

Children of 
James McFadden Carpenter, and Mary Knox — Sixth Generation : 

7. I. Alice L. Carpenter. 

7. II. Eebecca Knox Carpenter. 



APPENDIX. 201 

7. III. Bertha Eleanor Carpenter. 
7. IV. James MoFadden Carpenter. 

Children of Hon. Samuel Leas Carpenter, and Grace Boyd — 
Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Jeremiah Murry Carpenter. 
7. II. Samuel L. Carpenter. 
7. III. Wm. Boyd Carpenter. 

Children of Mary Elizabeth Carpenter, and James McJunkin — 
Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Wm. M. McJunkin^ m. Mrs. Jane Matchctt, nee 
Wakefield. 

7. II. Eleanor C. McJunkin. 

7. III. Walter Lowrie McJunkin. 

7. IV. James McJunkin. 

7. V. Mary Elizabeth McJunkin. 

7. VI. Eebecca Logan McJunkin. 

Children of James Carpenter, and Mrs. Anna Burrell — nee 
Richardson — Fifth Generation : 

6. I. Jane Carpenter, m. James Armstrong. 
6. II Satiaii Carpenter, unm. 
6. III. James M. Carpenter. 

Children of 
Daniel Carpenter, and Veronica Long — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Mary Kezia, b. 1822. 

6. II. Henry, b. 1824. 

6. III. Maey Elizabeth Carpenter, b. 1826; Carpenter 
Station, Pa. 

6. IV. Louisa, b. 1828, m. Duff, Westmoreland 

County, Pa. 

6. V. Daniel, b. 1831. 

6. VI. Barbara Carpenter, b. 1833. 

Children of 
Daniel Carpenter, and Barbara Reeder — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Catherine, b. 1836. 

6. II Samuel Carpenter, b. 1838. 



202 GENEALOGICAL 

6. III. John Cakpenter, b. 1839; m. Mary Fox. 

6, IV. Keziah Carpenter, b. 1841; m. John Spence. 

6, V. Daniel Carpenter, b. 1842. 

6. VI Henry Carpenter, b. 1844. 

6. VII. , Twin of Henry. 

6. VIII. Basil Carpenter, b. 1846. 

6. IX. LiDA Carpenter, b. 1849. 

6. X. Barbara Carpenter, b. 1851. 

6. XI. Benjamin Carpenter, b. 1851. 

6. XII. Sarah Carpenter, b. 1853. 

6. XIII. Kerenhapdch Carpenter, b, 1856. 

6. XIV. Samuel Carpenter, b. 1859. 

6. XV. Joanna Carpenter, b. 1861 ; m. Wm. Dean, no 
issue. 

The descendants of John, Benjamin, and Christian, children 
of Col. Daniel Carpenter, are not accounted for. 

It is known that John, and Benjamin, served in the Revolu- 
tionary War. 

Children of 
Susanna Carpenter, and Michael Kreider — Third Generation: 

4. I. Israel Kreider, b. 1764; d. 1845; m. Hannah Seivert. 

4. II. John Kreider, b. 1766 ; d. 1846 ; m. Elizabeth. 

4. III. Mart Kreider, b. 1768 ; m. Hess. 

4. IV. Sarah Kreider, b. 1769 ; m. 

4. V. Daniel Kreider, b. 1771; d. 1842; m. Salome Car- 
penter, b. 1782 ; d. 1820, his cousin. 

4. VI. Susan Kreider^ b. 1773. 

Children of 
Salome Carpenter, and Michael Kreider — Third Generation: 

4. I. Emanuel Kreider, b. 1777; d. 1844; m. Mary Eva 
Hess, b. 1788; d. 1861. 

4. II. Henry Kreider, b. 1780; d. 1849; m. Mary Ann 
Hess, b. 1785 ; d. 1851. 

4. III. Michael Kreider, b. 1782; died about 1830; m. 
Elizabeth Hess. 

4. IV. Jacob Kreider, b. 1784 ; d. 1845 ; m. Eebecca Downs. 

4. V. David Kreider, b. 1786 ; d. 1842 ; m. Margaret War- 
ren. 



APPENDIX. 203 

Children of 
Salome Carpenter, and Daniel Kreider — Fourth Generation: 

Date of marriage, August 8, 1802. 

5. I. Michael Zimmerman Kreider, b. 1803; d. 1855; m. 
(1) Sidney Ann Eees, b. 1798; d. 1843; (3) Mary Ann Car- 
penter, b. 1816; d. 1898. 

5. II. Edmund Forney Kreider, b. 1806 ; d. 1836 ; unm. 

5. III. John Leas Kreider, b. 1808; d. 1834; unm. 

5. IV. Daniel Yizer Kreider, b. 1811; d. 1837; unm. 

5. V. Samuel Carpenter Kreider, b. 1816; d. 1880; m. 
Eebecca Weldy, b. 1821; d. 1901. 

Children of Dr. Michael Zimmerman Kreider, and Sidney Ann 
Rees — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Olivia Salome Kreider, b. 1826; d. 1844; unm. 
6. II. Ethelbert M. Kreider, b. 1828; d. 1842; unm. 

6. III. Letitia Kreider, b. 1830; d. 1864; m. (1) Wm. 
Fielding; (2) Judge Wheeler. Children, Frank Fielding, 
Harry Kreider Wheeler. 

6. IV. Thalia Kreider, b. 1832; d. 1869; m. Thomas 
Lockhart; no issue. 

6. V. Edmund Cicero Kreider, b. 1835; d. 1905; m. (1) 
Mary Gates, b. 1835; d. 1861; (2) Mary McDowell, b. 1842. 

Children of Dr. Michael Z. Kreider, and Mary Ann Carpenter — 
Fifth Generation: 

6. VI. Ethra Jane, b. 1847 ; d. 1905 ; m. H. M. Wynkoop ; 
no issue. 

6. VII. Michael Servetus Kreider, b. 1850; d. 1867; 
unm. 



Children of 
Edmund C. Kreider, and Mary Gates — Sixth Generation: 

7. I. Dr. George Noble Kreider, b. 1856; m. Emma 
Pasfield, b. 1867. 

7. II. Miriam Kreider, b. 1858, unm. 



204 GENEALOGICAL 

Children of 
Edmund C. Kreider, and Mary McDowell — Sixth Generation: 

7. III. John McDowell Kkeidei}, b. 1868, m. ; no chil- 
dren. 

7. IV. Phoebe JEFFEKSoisr Kreider^ b. 1870; m. Emmett 
y, Murray ; no children. 

7. V. Edmund C. Kreider^ b. iS']2, unni. 

7. VI. William Jefferson Kreider, b. 1878; m. Nellie 
Ilall, one child, Howard Kreider. 

Children of Dr. George Noble Kreider, and Emma Pasfield 
— Seventh Generation: 

8. I. George Pasfield Kreider, b. 1895. 
8. II. Mary Hathaway Kreider, b. 1896, 
8. III. Paul Gates Kreider, b. 1898. 

. 8. IV. Emma Jane Kreider, b. 1900. 

8. V Salome Carpenter Kreider, b. 1907. 

Children of 
Jacob Carpenter, and Elizabeth Herr — Second Generation: 

3. I. Sarah Carpenter, m. (1) Herr; (3) John 

Miller. 

8. n. Susannah Carpenter, m. A])raham Hains. 

3. III. Elizabeth Carpenter, m. Miller. 

3. IV. Mary Carpenter, m. Benjamin Elliott, of Hunt- 
ingdon, Pa., and was his first wife. His third wife was Susan 
Hains, daughter A1)raham, and Susannah Hains. 

Children of 
Jacob Carpenter, and Susan Miller — Second Generation: 

3. V. Martha Carpenter, unm. d. at Mannheim, Pa. 

3. VI. Esther, or Hetty Carpenter, unm., died at 
Mannheim, Pa. 

3. VII. Catherine Carpenter. 

3. VIII. John Carpenter; b. 1770 ; d. 1835 ; kept a Botan- 
ical Garden, near Lancaster; unborn at time of father's death. 

Children of 
Jacob Carpenter, and Magdalena Kendrick — Second Generation : 

3. IX. Henry Carpenter, m. Eichards. 



APPENDIX. 205 

3. X. — Jacob Caepenter^ lawyer in Lancaster, m. Cather- 
ine Martin. This Jacob was a distinguished lawyer; was 
Treasurer of Pennsylvania; for three terms; and Judge of Or- 
phans Court. 

Children of 
Mary Carpenter, and Benj. Elliott — Third Generation: 

4. I. Mary Elliott, b. 1780; d. 1857; m. Hon. Robert 
Allison, b. 1777 ; d. 1840, Huntingdon, Pa. 

4. II. Martha Elliott, b. 1783; m. David McMurtrie, 

4. III. James Carpenter, b. 1784; died young. 

Children of 
Mary Elliott, and Robert Allison — Fourth Generation: 

Maey Allison, b. 1803 ; m. Dr. John H. Dorsey. 
Elizabeth Allison, b. 1805; m. Benjamin Miller. 
Catherine Allison, b. 1810; m. Alexander Groni. 
John Craig Allison. 
Robert Wilkin Allison. 
Wm. Elliott Allison. 
Lydia Rebecca Allison, b. 1816; m. Wm. P. 
Orbison, b. 1814. 

5. viii. Nancy Davidson Allison, m. Rev. W. R. Bing- 
ham. 

Children of Lydia Rebecca Allison, and William P. Orbison — 
Fifth Generation: 

6. I. Wm. Allison Orbison, b. 1842; m. Mary W. Hurd, 
five daughters. 

6. II. Mary Elliott Orbison, unm. 
6. III. Ellen Harris Orbison, unm. 

6. IV. Robert A. Orbison, b. 1849 ; m. J. Estelle Gregory, 
two children. 

Children of Robt. A. Orbison, and J. Estelle Gregory: 

7. 1. Allison Estelle Orbison. 
7. II. Virginia Gregory Orbison. 



5. 


I. 


5. 


II. 


5. 


III. 


5. 


IV. 


5. 


V. 


5. 


VI. 


5. 


VII, 



206 GENEALOGICAL 

DESCENDANTS OF MARTHA ELLIOTT, AND DAVID 
McMURTRIE. 



Children of 
Martha Elliott, and David McMurtrie — Fourth Generation: 

5. I. Anna McMurtrie, m. (1) Edward Patton, (2) 
Thomas Jaskson. 

5. II. Mary McMurtrie, h. 1800, m. James Gwin, 

5. III. Ellen McMurtrie, b. 1802; m. Matthew Gregg. 

5. IV. David McMurtrie, b. 1904; m. Martha McConnell. 

5. V. Dr. Benjamin McMurtrie, b. 1806 ; m. Sarah Har- 
riet Orbison. 

5. VI. Robert Allion McMurtrie, b. 1811; m. Mrs. 
Maria Dennison. 

5. VII. Martha McMurtrie, b. 181-1; m. James McCahon. 

5. VIII. William McMurtrie, b. 1817; m. M. Margaret 
Whittaker. 

Child of 
Mary McMurtrie, and James Gwin — Fifth Generation: 

6. I. David P. Gwin, b. 1834; m. Louise Cunningham, 
whose chihlron were James Gwin, dead, and Mary Gwin, living 
in Huntingdon, Pa. 

Children of 
Ellen McMurtrie, and Matthew Gregg — Fifth Generation: 

G. I. David McMurtrie Gregg, b. 1833; m. Ellen Sheaff; 
was Major General of cavalry in U. S. Army during the War 
of the Eebellion, and elected Auditor General of Pennsylvania, 
in 1891. 

6. II. Mary Gregg, m. G. Dorsey Green. 

6. III. George Gregg. 

6. IV. Ellen Gregg. 

6. V. Henry H. Gregg, b. 1860; m., and lives in Joplin, 
Missouri. 

6. VI. Thomas J. Gregg, m. Bessie McKnight. 



APPENDIX 207 

Children of William McMurtrie, and Margaret Whittaker— 
Fifth Generation: 

Martha McMurtrie, m. Hon. Eobert M. Speer. 
Edward Stewart McMurtrie, b. 1842. 
Arthur McMurtbie, b, 1844. 
Elizabeth McMurtrie, m. Caleb North. 
David Elliott McMurtrie, b. 1849. 
Mary McMurtrie, dead. 
Margaret McMurtrie, dead. 
Clara McMurtrie, lives in Huntingdon, Pa. 



6. 


I. 


6. 


II. 


6. 


III. 


.6. 


IV. 


6. 


V. 


6. 


VI. 


6. 


VII. 


6. 


VIII. 



GABEIEL CARPENTEE. 

IN MEMORIAM. 



Gabriel Carpenter died at his residence, near the city, Tliurs- 
day, March the 10th, 1881. He was born in Lancaster County, 
Pennsylvania, September 11th, 1801. In his infancy, his par- 
ents moved to Eairtield County, Ohio, where he resided until 
his removal to Cedar Rapids, in April, 1852. He has resided 
here continually since that time, a period of nearly twenty-nine 
years, and was one of our oldest and most esteemed citizens. 
During his long residence here, he contributed largely to the 
material interests of our city, and ever took an active interest 
in all that pertained to its prosperity. Purchasing land con- 
tiguous to the original city plat, he laid out several additions 
to the city, which he lived to see thickly populated, and teeming 
with business activity. He also built several dwellings and 
business houses in different parts of the city, the most notable 
among which is the "Carpenter's Block," corner of Eagle and 
Commercial streets, which takes rank with the best business 
blocks in the city. He was, for a time, a director in the First 
National Bank, a stock-holder in the Cedar Rapids Water Com- 
pany, and was the first president of the Marshalltown Gas Com- 
pany. He was a communicant of the Episcopal Church for 
nearly a quarter of a century, a vestryman for many a year, 
and a consistent Christian, and an active member and liberal 
supporter of his church. He was a quiet, unobtrusive, business 
man, ever ready to take part in all business enterprises, calcu- 
lated to advance the business interests of our city, and to con- 
tribute fully and freely, his share of material aid in sustaining 
and forwarding our public affairs. Any project calculated to 
further the business interests of Cedar Rapids, could always 
confidently depend upon Gabriel Carpenter's influence and sup- 
port. While he has perhaps not been so prominent a character 
in the history of our city, as others, owing to his quiet and 
unobtrusive manner, but few men have done more to make Cedar 
Rapids what it is to-day than he. 



APPENDIX. 209 

His death leaves a feeling of sorrow, as real as it is wide- 
spread, throughout the community. 

His remains were looked upon by a large number of relatives 
and friends, at his late residence, on Sunday last, at half -past one 
o'clock p. m., after which the funeral services were held in Grace 
Episcopal Church, the Eev. Dr. Eingold, Eector of the church. 
A large number of Free-Masons, of which he was a member, 
joined the funeral procession, and conducted the burial services 
at the grave. 

The surviving members of his family are, Seymour D. Car- 
penter, Eebecca Carpenter, Mrs. Mary Carpenter Weare, E. 
Brough Carpenter, and Mrs. Susanna Carpenter Stibbs, children 
of his first wife; Catherine Pearce, who died in 1847. Delia 
Carpenter, John Carpenter, Taylor Carpenter, and George P. 
Carpenter, by his second wife, Maria Clifton; also his step- 
daughters, Anna W. Carpenter, and Mrs. Harriet W. Eeed. 

DEATH OF A PEOMINENT PHYSICIAN. 

Stkicken With Paralysis, He Passes Away After a Short 

Illness. A Brief Sketch of His Life, and His 

Great Eecord as a Practitioner. 

Dr. Henry Carpenter, the head of his profession in Lan- 
caster County, died at his home. No. 30 South Queen Street, 
June 26, 1887, in the sixty-eighth year of his age. He was 
stricken with paralysis early in April, but was then only 
slightly affected, and had so far recovered, in the latter part of 
May, that he was able to appear on the streets in his carriage. 
Just as he seemed to be on the fair road to complete recovery, 
however, a second stroke paralyzed his left side. On Saturday 
evening last, he had so far recovered that he was discussing the 
advisability of going down stairs; but on Sunday morning he 
received the third, and most severe stroke of all, which resulted 
fatally. 

A SKETCH OF HIS LIFE. 

Dr. Henry Carpenter was born in the house, on South Queen 
street, in which he lived all his life, and in which he died on 
December 10, 1819. He came from a race of physicians. The 
hanging lantern dated 1698, now in his possession, was brought 
over here by his paternal ancestor, Dr. Henry Carpenter (Zim- 



210 BIOGRAPHICAL 

ineniian) who came to Gerinantown, from Switzerland, in that 
year, and moved to West-Earl in 1717. When the patents were 
issued for the land selected by Ileinrich Zimmerman, the clerk 
at Philadelphia, evidently wishing to render his name conform- 
able to the tongue of his adopted government, anglicized the 
name to "Carpenter," and thus it happened that the Zimmer- 
mans, became the Carpenters. The first Dr. Carpenter farmed 
his fields, and physicked his neighbors and transmitted his pro- 
fessional talents to posterity. His son, Emanuel, was the father 
of that Emanuel, Jr., who represented this country in the Legis- 
lature in 1777, '80, '84, '85' and '86; and another son, Dr. 
Henry, had a boy Jacob, who was a Member of the Legislature, 
tState Treasurer, and Clerk of the Orphans' Court. His son, 
Henry, was the grand-father, and a grand-son of the same name 
was the father of the Dr. Henry Carpenter, known to this gen- 
eration of Lancastrians. On his mothers side. Dr. Carpenter 
was the grand-son of David Cook, and the great grand-son of 
Bartram Galbraith, Surveyor General of Pennsylvania. There 
were a number of physicians in that family, too, so the Doctor 
comes to his taste for politics, as w^ell as his talents for medicine, 
by inheritance. The family is one of very extensive connection, 
likewise among the land-owners and intelligent farmers of our 
county. Each succeeding generation had a j^hysician, so that 
coming down to the present, w^e find that Dr. Henry Carpenter, 
was the fifth physician in regular step, with one exception, they 
were always the oldest son, and all named Henry. This excep- 
tion proved to be the father of the subject of this sketch, whose 
proper business was that of surveyor and conveyancer, though 
for a short time he was engaged in the mercantile business in 
this city. 

The subject of this sketch received his preliminary education 
in the select schools of this city and at the Lancaster Academy, 
and afterwards studied classics under a noted tutor. On the 
first of June, 1836, he began the study of medicine under Dr. 
Samuel Humes, in whose office he remained for five years. In 
1839, he went to lectures, but was undecided which college he 
would attend. This same year, dissension arose in the faculty 
of Jefferson Medical College, and several of the professors with- 
drew and assisted in organizing the institution known as the 
Pennsylvania Medical Colleue. 



APPENDIX. 211 

PUTTING A COLLEGE ON ITS FEET. 

Dr. Carpenter was one among seven students from this county, 
who went to the city for the purpose of attending lectures this 
season, and like him, they were all equally undecided. After 
hearing the different professors at both the Jefferson College, 
and the University of Pennsylvania, they all met in Henry Car- 
penter's room for the purpose of coming to a conclusion. A^arious 
opinions were expressed; when at length Henry Carpenter in- 
timated his preference for the Pennsylvania Medical College, on 
the ground that as the college was just about being organized, 
the faculty would naturally manifest a personal interest in the 
success of their students, in order that a reputation might be 
established for the college; and moreover, as the class would 
in all probability be small, they would have a decided advantage 
at clinics. These suggestions were favorably received, and the 
following morning they all matriculated, Henry Carpenter 
heading the list. They were the first matriculates, and Dr. Cal- 
houn, the Dean, received them so cordially that of one accord 
they all set to work to solicit students for the new institution, 
and as a result of their industry within three days, there were 
seventy names recorded; the entire registration for the term 
amounted to one hundred. Of these seven students, there is 
but one survivor. Dr. J. Augustus Ehler, of this city. 

Dr. Carpenter graduated in February, 1841, when he returned 
to Lancaster, and began practice in the office which he occupied 
during all of his practice, and which his father formerly occu- 
pied as conveyancer. When he began practice however, he had 
already acquired considerable practical experience, as his pre- 
ceptor was inclined from the beginning to show him favor in 
this respect, and at the same time, it enabled him to lighten his 
own professional labors. 

A SKILLFUL PHYSICL^N". 

Finally he succeeded to the large practice of his preceptor 
having made an enviable reputation by his skillful treatment of 
several important cases, and he continued in active practice 
until stricken by his last illness, an acknowledged skillful physi- 
cian and surgeon, among the foremost of the State. He was 
one of the founders of the Lancaster County Medical Society, 
in 1S44, secretary from its organization for many years and its 



212 BIOGRAPHICAL 

President in 1855. He was Secretary and Vice-President of the 
State Medical Society, and one of the Board of Censors for the 
Eastern District of Pennsylvania. He was a man of mechanical 
genius — it was once said that in his becoming a physician, a 
good blacksmith was spoiled — and made all the appliances neces- 
sary to the treatment of fractures and dislocations and often 
drew the plans for the construction of his instruments. After 
he was fully started in his profession, he discovered that the 
forceps, then in use those of Hayden, Smellie, and Baudelocque, 
were not all that could be desired, and, in 1843, he drew plans 
for forceps that were manufactured for him in Philadelphia, by 
Mr. Gemrig, and which he used for forty-four years ; in no case 
did he fail to effect delivery when they were once applied. His 
early training rather cultivated a taste for obstetrics, and while 
he had no specialty, he nevertheless had a very large obstetrical 
experience, those in his own individual practice together with 
consultation, amounting to nearly 5,500 cases. His experience 
in gynecology was equally large, embracing many major opera- 
tions necessary for the treatment of uterine affections. While 
Dr. Carpenter devoted much time to obstetrics and gynecology, 
he was a practical surgeon in the most general acceptation of 
the term, having operated extensively in almost every affection 
which calls for surgical interference. Tracheotomy, he per- 
formed twelve times, for the removal of foreign bodies. He was 
never connected with any of our public hospitals, and therefore 
his extensive experience in operating for strangulated hernia 
seems tlie more remarkable. Up to July, 1871, the ledger shows 
that he had 24G cases, and these embrace every variety of this 
affection. One of the most brilliant operations he ever per- 
formed was the ligation of the gluteal artery, and so far as we 
have been able to discover, there is no record of this having 
been done before in the State. 

SERVICES DURING THE WAR. 

Dr. Carpenter responded to a special call from the Surgeon- 
General during the late rebellion, on two different occasions; the 
first time he was placed in charge of the "Eckington Hospital," at 
Washington, and on the second occasion at Hagerstown. He was 
also surgeon to the old Jackson Rifle Company, quite famous in 
its day, and which in 1844, was called into active service during 



APPENDIX. 213 

the riots of Philadelphia. It is also very worthy of notice as a 
historical fact, that he attended ex-President James Buchanan, 
and the Hon. Thaddeus Stevens, respectively, for many years, 
and in their last illness. He was reserved and conservative, and 
unfortunately so for the profession, for many of his operations 
deserved the notice of the public prints, but failed to get there 
merely because of his retiring disposition. His conservatism 
was manifest in all his operations; preferring rather to withold 
the knife, if success was doubtful, than to Jeopardize life. In 
diagnosis, treatment, surgery and every branch of medicine, he 
was distinguished, and the demands upon his time by brother 
physicians who desired his advice in consultation was unending. 
Therefore his death leaves a void in the profession that it will 
be hard to fill. 

HIS MEDICAL STUDENTS. 

Following is a list of the young men who have read medicine 
with Dr. Carpenter: Alex M. Carpenter, Jacob C. Brubaker, 
Jacob E. Johns, David G. Eesh, John F. Huber, Andrew I. 
Carpenter, E. W. Brenneman, James A. S. Carpenter, Joseph 
Downey, Samuel B. Cleary, Geo. A. King, Wm. M. Barr, Jacob 
H. LeFevre, George D. King, Abraham Hirsh, Martin Slay- 
maker, Martin Eingwalt, Wm. C. Baker, Eobert M. Bolenius, 
Franklin Ziegler, and Walter Boardman. 

A MAN OF AFFAIRS. 

But while a leader in his profession, Dr. Carpenter took a 
large interest in all public affairs. He was active in politics as 
a Democrat, and he represented his party in Councils for many 
years. He was President of Select Council for nearly twenty 
years, and of Common Council for several years; a member of 
the School-Board for thirty years; a director of the Lancaster 
Gas Company; and of the Lancaster Fire Insurance Company, 
and a director of the Conestoga Steam Mills Company, for a 
long time, and one of the principal owners for many years after 
their sale. He was also one of the company that built and owns 
No. 4 Cotton Mill, and one of the originators of the Conestoga 
Turnpike Company, of which he was President from its organi- 
zation. Dr. Carpenter was always interested in railroad affairs. 
He was a director of the Lancaster and Quarryville Narrow 
Gauge Eailroad ; a director and treasurer of the Delaware Eiver 



214 BIOGRAPHICAL 

and Lancaster IJailroad; director and assistant treasurer of the 
National liailroad( now the Bound Brook) and president and 
director of the Hamilton Land Association of New Jersey. He 
was a director of the Lancaster Cremation and Funeral Eeform 
Association, and a director of the Lancaster Watch Company. 

One of the last letters Dr. Carpenter received was dated June 
24, from the secretary of the Faculty of Medico Chirurgical 
College of Philadelphia, tendering the appointment as member 
of the Board of Censors from this county, and accepted the 
appointment. 

Dr. Carpenter was prominent in Masonic circles. He was 
made a Mason on May 14, 1856, and was Past-Master of Lodge 
No. 43, F. & A. M.; Past-High-Priest of Chapter No. 43, R. 
A. M. ; Member of Goodwin Council, No. 19, E. S. E. & S. M. ; 
Past-Commander of Lancaster Commandery No. 13, K. T.; 
a member of Lancaster Lodge of Perfection 14, A. A. S. P., 
and at the time of his death was one of the trustees of that 
lodge. 

He was married in 184G, to Anna Louise, daughter of ex- 
Mayor John Mathiot, who died in 1863, leaving three daughters 
who still survive. They are Mary E., who is married to C. C. 
Carpenter, of the Examiner; Katie M., who is married to Dr. 
E. M. Bolenius, and Sallie P., who is married to John E. Hub- 
ley, of the First National Bank. His second wife, Laura W., 
daughter of Martin Miller, of Oil City, died in 1871. On May 8, 
1877, he was married to Sarah A., widow of the late Harris 
Boardman, of this city, and daughter of Hon. Benj. Billings, of 
Connecticut, who survives him, with her three sons. Dr. Walter 
Boardman, Arthur, of the firm of Eupley & Boardman, and 
Harry A. Boardman. 

SAMUEL SANGSTON CAEPENTEE. 

A MEMBER OF THE CINCINNATI BAR. 

Samuel Sangston Carpenter, was a son of Dr. Emanuel 
Weidler, and Sarah Sangston Carpenter; and grand-son of 
Mayor Samuel Carpenter, of Lancaster, Penn., who held that 
office at the time of his death. He was a grand-son, three times 
removed, of Heinrich Zimmerman, who emigrated from the Can- 
ton of Berne, Switzerland, to America, about the year 1700, 
and located in Lancaster, Pennsvlvania. 



APPENDIX. 215 

Upon issuing a land-patent to "Zimmerman" Governor Penn, 
in accordance with his custom, translated the name Zimmerman, 
into "Carpenter" — its equivalent in English. 

To this day the family is known by the name "Zimmerman" 
amongst the Pennsylvania Germans, who still retain, to a great 
extent, their language, manners, and customs. Emanuel Car- 
penter, a son of Heinrich Zimmerman "Carpenter," was a noted 
man in his day, a member of the Legislature of Pennsylvania, 
for seventeen years, and for many years a Judge of the County 
Court. 

Samuel S. Carpenter was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 
January 32, 1823. With an Academic education, at the age of 
eighteen years, he commenced the study of law, in the office of 
Emanuel C. Eeigart, Esq., and was admitted to the bar in No- 
vember, 1843. In December following, he removed to Cincin- 
nati, and entered upon the practice of his profession, which he 
continued for many years. 

In the year 1849^ he was appointed United States Commis- 
sioner, by the United States Circuit Court. In attention to his 
duties in that office, subsequent to the passage of the Fugitive- 
Slave-Law, he had a most strenuous, and remarkable experience, 
the account of which as published at the time, served to make 
Mr. Carpenter one of the marked men of his time. 

In a certain case before him at the time, his decision has 
become historic. 

In the Cincinnati Gazette, of June 15th, 1854, he published 
an opinion, stating at length his views upon the constitutionality 
of the "Fugitive Slave Law," which were, substantially, that 
Commissioners were not courts, within the terms and meaning 
of the Constitution, not having the requisites of courts, and 
therefore could not exercise the judicial powers conferred upon 
them ; the final decision of the question of a man's freedom or 
slavery for life, without appeal, being in his opinion, the exer- 
cise of judicial power in the highest sense. 

Mr. Carpenter was the first United States Commissioner to 
decline to execute the obnoxious law. He did not resign his 
office, but as a result of his decision, thus acting up to his con- 
victions, was the loss of his business as Commissioner, which 
then constituted a considerable portion of his professional in- 
come. 



216 BIOGRAPHICAL 

The "Fugitive Slave Law" was the fore-runner of the war for 
the Union. His was heroism of a high order, to withstand public 
opinion, and the admonitions of a federal judge. 

lieared in the school of Thaddeus Stevens, and believing in 
the inalienable rights of all men, regardless of nationality or 
color, he could do nothing more, and would do nothing less 
than to stand up to his convictions. As a lawyer Mr. Carpen- 
ter's reputation is that of a wise and safe counsellor. No mem- 
ber of the Cincinnati bar is more trustworthy, no attorney is 
more faithful to the interests of his clients. 

BiuyrapJilcal Cyclopaedia of Ohio — Historical SliCicJi. 

EEVEEEND SAMUEL CAEPENTER. 

In his History of the Western States, the late Dr. J. A, 
Smith of Chicago, in speaking of the early work of Baptist 
preachers in Ohio, says : "The work done in the field during 
this nascent period of Baptist growth was almost wholly by 
volunteers in the service, to Avliom scarcely anything was of less 
moment, or by them less expected, than special compensation, or 
appointment horn any source. Their means of support they 
found very much as other jjioneers did, in creating for them- 
selves homes and farms, in the wilderness, with patient accept- 
ance of whatever vicissitude might fall to their lot. Intent 
upon their work, they gave little thought to the fact that a time 
might come when history would dearly prize every faded leaf 
of record which should afford glimpses of their story." 

A few such glimpses are afforded in the life of Eeverend 
Samuel Carpenter of Lancaster, Ohio. Born in Earl town- 
ship, Lancaster Co., Pennsylvania, July 18th, 1794. Prom 
this place, his father Samuel, thirteen years later, desiring bet- 
ter facilities for the education of his children, than a country 
neighborhood afforded, removed to the city of Lancaster, in the 
same county, where he afterwards became a magistrate and mayor 
of the city. Diligently improving the advantages there afforded, 
he secured what was for that early day, a pretty liberal educa- 
tion, devoting himself especially to mathematical studies, and 
civil engineering, in which profession he became eminent, in the 
then new state of Ohio, to which place he removed about the 
year IS 16 and where he was employed as Engineer in charge of 
Public Works. His home "was in Lancaster, up to the time of 
liis death. 



APPENDIX. 217 

While engaged in his work, in varied activities, for the main- 
tenance of his family, he was also occupied in the work of gospel 
ministry, in connection with the order of the old Eegular Bap- 
tists. Eeferring to his life, in a recent letter, his daughter Mrs. 
Laura Carpenter Finley, of Xenia Ohio, writes most interesting- 
ly, and with such an inherited .grace of expression, as to properly 
give her communication a place in these pages, as follows : 

"When I think of the financial trouble, brought on by no fault 
of his own, that my father struggled through; of his busy life 
as an engineer, and his work as a preacher of the gospel, his 
fine face and figure, the smile that lighted his usually grave 
face like sunshine, his versatility, his conversation always enter- 
taining and instructive, his tenderness as a husband and father, 
the simple dignity that marked ail he said and did; I sum it all 
up in a single phrase, he was one of "Nature's noblemen." 

"Speaking of my father's sermons I thought the record was 
over a thousand. I have since looked up the old books. He was 
converted while engaged as a surveyor in the wilds of Michigan, 
and like Paul, said "Woe is me if I preach not the Gospel." 
His first sermon is dated June 12, 1824, Lancaster church. The 
last one July 24, 1870. He died on the 19th day of August, 
1870, less than one month after that. The same Eegister shows 
that during his ministry he preached 2094 sermons, in forty 
years, and never received forty dollars for his services as a 
minister. This was one man's work in the ministry, while at 
the same time he was employed in public business, building the 
Ohio canal, the Steubenville and Indiana Eail-Eoad, &c. ISTo 
other foot ever stood in the old pulpit. The church he had 
preached in for over forty years, was burned down one month 
after his death." 

In addition to the above record of his life, and work, the fol- 
lowing is copied from the Lancaster, Ohio, Gazette, of 1870. 
"Eeverend Samuel Carpenter departed this life on Friday, 
August 19, in the seventy-fifth year of his age. To eulogize 
such a life, would be a needless service to those who knew him, 
and saw him in his daily duties. His conduct in all phases was 
squared by the strictest rules of propriety, and by the highest 
regard for the feelings of others. 

"He was alike laborious in religious, and in professional serv- 
ice as a civil engineer, and in every way sought to disseminate 
truth. His personal presence showed him to be a man of supe- 



218 BIOGRAPHICAL 

rior intellect, and varied acquiremenls. His features were regu- 
lar, indicative of manly beauty, and lighted by eyes of wonder- 
ful penetration. In the presence of his famil}^, and friends, his 
countenance was beaming and radiant, but with strangers it was 
staid, and solemn. 

In later years, when the strenuous duties of life were past; he 
found special enjoyment in beautifying the grounds that sur- 
rounded his home with the earliest and choicest of flowers, and 
the substantial fruits of the mellowing autumn. 

"In things not demonstrable, a sceptic, except in the fields of 
religious inquiry ; he bowed his intellect to the word of God, and 
by faith, solved the problem of man's accountability, and of the 
life immortal, of which he never had a doubt. As he lived a 
Christian life, he died a Christian's death. The last intelligent 
utterance was the culmination of all — "Trust in God, he will 
never forsake you." His long residence in this community fur- 
nishes a story, whicli reflects the highest honor upon his mem- 
ory." 

A rose colored Scotch granite monument in Blmwood cemetery 
Lancaster, Ohio, marks the last resting place of himself and wife. 



APPENDIX. 219 



THE OLD HOME-CLOCK. 



BY LAURA CARPENTER FINLEY, 

Tick, took — tick, tock, 

Softly repeats the old home-clock, 

To that rhythmic beat, with noiseless feet, 

The years turn back; memory sweet 

Yields from her store the days "Lang Syne,' 

When youth, and joy, and hope were mine. 

Tick, tock — tick, tock. 

Sweet is the spell you weave, old clock; 

With happy eyes my spirit sees 

The dear old home among the trees; 

The fearless robin stops to pour 

His glad song at the open door; 

The garden lillies, tall and fair, 

With fragrance freight the soft June air; 

The slant sun shimmers through the leaves. 

Powders with gold the vine clad eaves. 

And stoops into the long wide hall. 

Where as of old, so quaint and tall, 

You stand like faithful sentinel, 

Repeating still, "All's well," "All's well." 

The sights, the sounds, the birds, the flowers. 

The joys of careless happy hours. 

The rippling laugh, the scented air. 

The twilight soft, the voice of prayer, 

All sweetest things of home seem bound 

In memory by a thread of sound. 

That pulses in the low tick tock 

Of mv long; treasured old home-clock. 



220 BlOdRAPHICAL 

'I'jek, tock— tick, lock, 

Deepen the s])<'ll you \veav(% old clock; 

In tile (Irciiniy Imin my spii'it lies, 

Tranced ;is v\ illi airs I'rom i'aradisc, 

]\line a,i;ain are the joys of home; 

l^'atlier, mother and sisters come 

With love words on their smiling lips; 

My famished heart the nectar sips; 

Love's fond demand for love swift brings 

iJetiii'ii of love from love's deep springs 

'V\u\\ welled l)eside the old hearth-stone, 

Oh home! sweet home! My heart has grown 

With jniser greed to count the store 

That memory brings from days of yore. 

Tick, tock — tick, tock, 

Unwearied still tlie old liome-elock 

Tells the hours with silvery chime 

Steadily olf the dial of Time, 

With ))atieid sti'oke the pendulum 

Swings back and forth, years go and come. 

M'ears of sorrow, joys honey sweet, 

Alike have fled with that soft beat. 

But one is left, ah me; ah me! 

That gathered neath the old roof-tree; 

But one is left. The old home-clock, 

That marked her birth with gay tick tock. 

Loyal still to the life long tnist, 

Will tell the hour, when "dnst to dust" 

Spoken low o'er the shrouded clay. 

Proclaims the dawn of endless day. 

Xetiia, ()., -I unc Jf. lOOJf. 



"The oldfst tliiii)i: T have, is the old clock, which went into tlie house in 1822 

and remained there until niy mother's death in October 1872. When, she having 

willed it to me. it was hrouKht here to my liome, where it has done duty ever since. 

It is mahofranv cased and very handsome. For t-ip;lity live years the old clock, has 

' 'Told the hours with silvery chime. 

Steadily otT the dial of time." 



APPENDIX. 221 



MES. MAEY ANN KEEIDEK. 

FROM TPIE MASONIC REVIEW^ OF CHICAGO, DECEMBER, 1898. 

Mrs. Mary Ann Carpenter Kreider, relict of Dr. Michael Z. 
Kreider, of Lancaster, Ohio, departed this life in Lancaster, on 
the 11th day of December, 1898, in the eighty-third year of her 
age. The announcement of her decease was sad news, to the 
many friends of the venerable woman. Born in Westmoreland 
County, Pennsylvania, she there grew up to womanhood, and 
was married to Dr. Kreider, at her old home, in that tState, on 
the 15th day of November, 1844. 

In due time, with her husband, she removed to Lancaster, 
where he had previously located, in the practice of his profession. 
She was his second wife, and by her many amiable qualities 
of mind and heart, soon won the affection, and love, of her 
husband's household, and the esteem of the people of her adopted 
town. She loved her home, and her family, with an affection that 
was fully reciprocated by all her family, up to the time of her 
death. Especially was this the case with her step-son, Edmund 
C. Kreider, of Jacksonville, Illinois, whose love for, and devo- 
tion to her, could not have been greater, for an own mother. 

Dr. Kreider preceded his wife, to the life immortal, forty- 
three years, but is still well remembered, by the older citizens 
of Lancaster. During his life, he was one of the most prominent 
men of his time, when Lancaster numbered among its citizens, 
numy of the foremost men of the nation. Eininent in his pro- 
fession, he took an active part in public affairs, and was promi- 
nent in Masonic circles, holding many positions of honor, and 
trust, in the order. 

He was active in every movement, for the benefit of the craft, 
and was the first grand-comnu^nder of the grand-commandery 
of the Knights-Templars, of Ohio. 

He was known throughout the IMasonic world, as one among 
giants of the order ; and the death of his widow will be mourned 
by every Mason in the land. 



222 BIOGRAPHICAL 

HON. JAMES McF. CARPENTEE. 

James McFadden Carpenter, was born in Murrysville, Pa., 
January 30, 1850, son of Jeremiah Murry Carpenter, and 
Eleanor, daughter of Margaret Stewart McFadden. 

His paternal grandfather was John Carpenter, whose wife was 
Jane Murry, daughter of Jeremiah Murry, the founder of 
Murryville, Westmoreland Co., Pa. He was reared on a farm 
in Plum Tp., in Westmoreland Co., and attended the Common 
Schools between the ages of sixteen, and twenty-one; he was a 
student of the Murryville Academy, and at intervals, taught 
school for four years. In 1872 he came to Pittsburg, where lie 
practiced surveying, and engineering, with James H. McRoberts, 
and studied law, first with Hopkins & Lazear, then with Thos. C. 
Lazear, of the same firm. He was admitted to the bar in Octo- 
ber, 1874, and has ever since been engaged in the practice. He 
was married June 25, 1876, to Mary H., daughter of John L. 
and Rebecca H. Knox, deceased. Mr. Carpenter's success has 
been wholly due to his own energy, and ^perseverance. He did 
not inherit a fortune, and has held no official position. He is a 
democrat, with decidedly independent views, and has been an 
elder in the Presbyterian church, since 1881. 

From liistory of Allegheny County, Pa. 

Copy of Autograph letter from Joseph Reed, member of the 
Council of Safely of Pennsylvania, and signer of the Declaration 
of Indrpoulcnce. to Lieut.-Col. Jacob Carpenter, of the Lan- 
caster County Militia. 

Philadelphia, Oct. 3, 1781. 
Sir: 

Having been just informed that your Battallion is arrived in 
respectable strength, but without arms, I have endeavored to pro- 
cure a supply here, but find it to be impracticable for some time 
on account of the large issue last week. The intelligence from 
the enemy being also much more favorable, the Council have con- 
cluded not to insist upon your remaining absent from your fam- 
ily and business, especially as the election is approaching, at 
which you will probably choose to attend. You therefore have 
my permission to return, but not consider yourselves as dis- 



APPENDIX. 223 

charged, inasmuch as your services may be indispensably neces- 
sary if the Enemy should advance from New York. You will 
therefore direct all under your command to be in readiness at a 
short warning. And I must now desire you to communicate to 
the officers & men, & accept yourself my thanks for your zeal and 
services on this occasion. Should you be again called I hope 
we shall have arms prepared, but would also wish that those who 
have arms would bring them for which they will be allowed. 
I am Sir 

Your obedt Humble Serv, 

Jos. Eeed. 
Jacob Carj^enter 

Lt. Col. Lancaster 
County Militia. 
Copied from original, hy Miss Emily Carpenter, Sept. 10, 1896. 



COPY OF LETTER FROM D. M MURTRIE. 

Huntingdon/ Pi., Dec. 7, 1850. 
My dear Sir : 

I spent three hours with old Aunt Allison last evening. She 
thinks her recollection of her Grandfather Jacob Carpenter's 
family is correct. She says she remembers old Abraham Car- 
penter was treated very kindly by her uncle Jacob Carpenter, 
when in Lancaster, some forty-five years ago. Thinks that her 
father got his wife at a place called Manheim, in Lancaster 
County, and that Martha, and Hetty remained there old maids. 

Aunt Allison would be very much pleased to see yourself or 
Mr. Frazer. You would have a long talk. 

Yours with respect, 

D. McMuRTRIE. 
Wm. Carpenter, Esq. 

Lancaster. 

Copied hy 8. D. Carpenter from, original at Lancaster, Pa., 
Sept. 9, 1896. 



224 BIOGRAPHICAL 

MEMOltANDUM. 

"Old Jacob CAiii'ENTEK, youngest son of the eniiiirant Henky 
CAKrENTEK, was father of tlie following family : 

Susanna Carpenter, married Ahraham Harris. 

Elizabeth Carpenter, married John Fiere. 

Mary Carpenter, married Benjamin Elliott. 

Martha Carpenter, unmarried. 

Hetty Carpenter, unmarried. 

Mary Elliott was the mother of Mrs. Allison, and Mrs. 
McMurtrie, in this county. Sarah Carpenter's first husband 
was Mr. Han; second husband, John Miller. My mother was 
named for her aunt Martha, who never married. Hetty Car- 
penter never married. There were three brothers, Jacob, John 
and Martin. Jacob was a lawyer in Lancaster. Aunt Allison 
was named Mary, after her mother. Michael Kreider married 
Susanna Carpenter, and had children. She then died, and he 
married her sister Salome ; the names of the children by 
Susanna, were Israel, Daniel, John and Susanna; he had chil- 
dren by his second wife. These folks were cousins to my grand- 
mother, ]\Iary Elliott. Dauiel Carpenter lived in this place, a 
number of years. Aunt Allison is under the impression that 
Daniel Kreider married a daughter of Capt. Daniel Carpenter. 
We find C-arpenter on several head-stones in our graveyard." 

'This is a copy of the paper enclosed in the preceding letter of 
Maj. D. McMurtrie of Huntingdon, Pa., written to Wm. Car- 
penter, Esq., of Lancaster, Pa., Dec. 7, 1850. S. D. C. 

The Aunt Allison referred to, was the daughter of Mary 
Carpenter, daughter of Jacob CVirpenter, the youngest son of 
the emigrant, who married Benjamin Elliott. She married a 
man named liohert Allisou. Daniel Kreider spoken of, was the 
father of Dr. ■\1. Z. Kreider of Lancaster, Ohio. 

Extract from letter written by Samuel Carpenter, 
Mayor of Lancaster, 1'ennsylvania, to his son, Samuel 
Carpenter, Jr., of Lancaster, Ohio, Auditor of Fairfield 
County. 

"Lancaster, Pa., March 10, 1821. 
"Dear Son : 

"Yours of the 2()tli ultimo, this morning was handed to me, by 
the letter carrier. I am happy to learn that you were all well 
at that time, and God grant, that you may all long continue 



APPENDIX. 225 

SO. We are all well at present^ 1 myself enjoy good health, 
thanks be to God for his mercy. 

"Your hopes of my coming to pay you a visit, at present, are 
entirely frustrated, by being informed that I was appointed by 
the Governor, an Alderman of the city council. That alone 
would not have stopped me, from paying you a visit, but my 
fellow-citizens did not think proper to stop here. On the 13th 
day of February last, the day appointed by law, to elect the 
Mayor of the city, the councils met, twenty-two in number (the 
Select and Common-Council of twenty-four members, two were 
absent), and elected me, tlie Mayor of the city for one year. 
The Mayor is elected annually on the 2d. Tuesday in February. 
Out of the twenty-two votes, I had twenty, for that office. Our 
citizens became dissatisfied with the former Mayor, and had 
petitions in circulation, to repeal the city charter. My friends 
prevailed on me to resign the office of Justice of the Peace, and 
accept of the appointment of an Alderman. Judge Smith ob- 
tained the change, with the Governor; he waited on him per- 
sonally, at Harrisburg. The Governor accepted of my resigna- 
tion, and granted me the commission of Alderman, the same 
day, and Judge Smith in person, the same evening, handed the 
commission to me. I was instantly sworn into office, and was 
not stopped an hour, from acting as a Justice of the Peace. A 
Justice of the Peace, and an Alderman, have equal honor, and 
all the same offices, only that a Justice of the Peace, cannot bf; 
elected Mayor. I feel happy in having it in my power to state 
to you in trutli (nor would I state it to 3fou, were you not my 
son, for fear of being announced a braggodocio), that on the 
success of my election, the people became reconciled, and with- 
drew their petitions to the Legislature, for the repeal of the City 
Charter. This latter circumstance, connected with others, will 
at least for one year, prevent me from paying you a visit. The 
Mayor of the city should be very attentive to his office, and not 
leave it for one day, much less for a month. Another circum- 
stance to make my journey to your country dangerous is, that I 
am not used to any exercise, nor exposing myself to heat nor 
cold. On Thursday last, I was desired to go two miles in the 
country, to take a deposition of an old man, that could not come 
to court, to give his evidence. An elegant horse, saddle, and 
bridle, was brought to my door with a man on another horse, to 



226 BIOGRAPHICAL 

escort me. We went on very pleasant, for nearly a mile, when 
the horse took fright; and upon a high bank fell, and left me 
prostrate on my back. However, I was not in the least hurted. 
The horse run away, and left me. As the court was then in 
session, and going on with the trial of the cause, where the 
deposition was to be read as evidence, I walked out home again, 
which made me very tired, and I am not over it yet. I had 
not been on horseback for more than three years, and at that 
time I rode about eight miles one day, and came home the third 
day, when I was laid up for four or five days, before I got over 
it, and could not go faster than a walk, which induces me to 
belief that I could not travel on horseback to your country. It 
Avould certainly kill me.* If I do go, I will go in a wagon, and 
of those kind which we call Dearborn." 

From another letter dated Nov. 35, 1821, the following quo- 
tation : 

"1 shall dwell on the subject of your oflficial situation, and 
your duties therein. As you now have gained the confidence of 
your fellow citizens, and they have elected you (in opposition 
to the nomination of the Legislature of your State), the Auditor 
of Fairfield County, it becomes your duty, not to betray the 
confidence reposed in you, but to execute that post, and trust, 
with fidelity and correctness, of which I have reason to hope, 
from my own knowledge of you, as well as the informations I 
frequently get from other sources, that you will perform your 
official duties, to the satisfaction of your constitutents, as well 
as to the reconciliation of your own conscience. You are now 
in a fair way to assure, and make safe, the confidence of your 
fellow citizens. To become useful in society, and gain the good 
will of your fellow-men, is an independent fortune, not only to 
a man himself, but to his posterity ; provided his posterity walk 
on the path of virtue, honesty, and veracity; because the good 
acts, and honorable and useful deportment of their ancestors, 
will be remembered, and confidence will be placed in posterity, 
if their own conduct is deserving. I do not wish you to neglect 
your duties on my account, because it does not at this time 
appear necessary, and if it should become necessary, I have no 
doubt, but what you would forsake your all, and fly to my 
assistance. 

"Accept to yourself, and remember to your wife, and all our 



''Mr. Carpenter was a very fleshy man. 



APPENDIX. 227 

inquiring relatives, and friends, my kind love, and respect, and 
more especially to my dear aged parents. I recommend you all 
to the protection, of the Almighty Dispenser of all good, and 
especially your two dear sons, who I very much wish to see, 
before I am called to leave this vale of trouble and afflictions. 
"I remain, your sincerely affectionate Father, 

"Samuel CxYrpenter." 

Letter describing the apoplexy oe Mrs. Elizabeth Car- 
penter WHICH OCCURRED ON THE JOURNEY TO OhIO. 

Bedford County^ three miles above 
Bedfordtown^ on the State-Road, 
AT EoBERT Smithes Tavern^ June 
6th, 1802. 

Dear Brotherinlaw and Sister: 

This is to inform you that mother was struck with the palsy 
on Sunday the 23d of May last, in the evening a little before 
sun set, at the Crossing of Junietta about 18 mile from this 
place. We got there about an hour before sun set, mother was 
as hearty as ever I seen her when we arrived there — after we 
were there some time, mother went to the spring with the coffee 
kettle and fetcht it full of water up to within a rod of the house, 
where she fell with the kettle; I stood at the door of the house 
(Millers Tavern it was) and thought she had fell accitently, 
though when she did not get up imidiately, I stept up to her 
and lifted her up, as soon as she was up she took the tea kettle 
again and appeared as if she was laughing walking to the door 
steps where she fell again. I seen then that something was 
the matter with her I stept up to her and got some of the rest 
to help me to carry her on a bed in the house she looked pail 
and could not speak any, we thought she was fainted and David 
bled her in her right arm immidiately. we also wet her face 
with vinegar, but we soon found that she had lost the use of 
her right arm and leg for she could not move neither of them 
nor could not speak plainly so that a body could understand her. 
we gave her tea that night and set up the whole night we also 
gave her some of the medicine avo liad got of the Swizer Doctor 
in Lancaster. She would not eat anything that night. Next 
morning which was a Mondav, she eat some butter and drank 



228 BIOGRAPHICAL 

a little cofi'cee, I)ut could speak very few words that a body could 
understand. 1 enquired then for the best doctor I was told 
there was none nearer than Bedford town which was 14 miles, 
the people told me that he was a skillful doctor and had studit 
on that disorder the palsy uiore then any thing else, but he had 
quit ])ra(4icing but tliey allowed on this occasion he would give 
medicine and directions how to use them. 1 wrote a letter then 
to him & stated every circumstance how it happened and how 
she was at that time, and sent John Eowland with it to the 
Doctor in Bedford which was 1-1 miles Anderson is the Doc- 
tors name. Rowland returned the same evening with medicine 
and direction how to use them, the Doctor ordered to put her 
in the hot bath & keep her in it about ten minutes and then lay 
five blistering plasters on her, that is one on her neck one on 
her shoulder one on her arm one on her thigh and one on her 
leg, which we did a Monday evening immidiately after Row- 
land came , the Doctor also sent peppermint & l)ark in wine, 
he ordered us to give her 15 drops of the peppermint every 
hour and a half a wine glass full of the barks in wine every 
hour, and also directed to give her half a tea spoon full of 
mustard seed twice a day and every now and then a little horse 
radish, the drops she took midling regular of the wine she would 
not take much, she also took some mustard seed but no horse 
radish of any amount, the drops 1 am well satisfied gave her 
great relieve for a Tuesday morning she could sjDcak tolerable 
well again and would move her arm and leg a little again, we 
then started from there and come to this place. Robert Smiths 
who is married to David Line's sister which is 19 miles from 
where mother took sick, here mother and I stayed since Father 
and all the rest started from here Thursday the 27th of May 
in the morning Father got better every day from Chambers- 
town to this place he was quite well when he left this. I hear 
almost every day from them, by travelers coming this way they 
are going on very well, for the roads are very good, there has 
been no rain of any amount all the way to Hockhocking, I am 
informed so by travelers, they will get out this week. I have 
wrote to them today by the post to come back as quick as possi- 
ble with the stage to fetch mother she has got so that she has 
some use of her leg and arm again and can talk as well again as 
she could before she took sick, she can also walk if I lead her, 
so that I expect in a few weeks she will he able to walk her- 



APPENDIX. 



229 



self and again that time the stage will come- what kept her 
weak I had her three times in the hot bath since we come here 
that IS m a hogshet full of warm water her whole body, & thJ 
blisters I mentioned before draw amazing for the sore part must 
be dressed every evening and morning with planting leives or 
cabage leives, but we commonly use planting leives as no caba^^e 
IS to be had yet. Mrs Smith doth that every morning & evening 
bhe IS very kind everything mother wants she can get, and that 
any time day or night Mrs Smith will make it for her im- 
midiately Indeed if she had taken sick at home she would not 
have been better nursed then here, and I doubt whether as well 
tor there is nothing wanting here. I would have wrote to you 
sooner but mother still desired of me not to write till she was 
better again and on considering I thought myself it was better 
not for the news would not reach you before a few weeks and 
by that time I could give you more satisfaction of her being 
better of worse. You can now rely on what I write here she 
IS mending this few days very fast, she can eat hearty again & 
earns to walk every day better I hope by the help of God & 
the use of medicine she will be restored to her former health 
again m a short tim. the Doctor said her complaint originated 
from a want of vital heat in her body which stops the circula- 
tion of the blod which is generally felt by old people therefore 
he recommends the hot bath and gives warm medicine and also 
orders her arm & leg to be well rubt with flannel which he says 
will bring on a glow of heat again by degrees and bring the 
blood m circulation, here you have the truth and nothing but 
the truth let people say now what thev will do not listen to 
them for one will tell you this and another that, and would 
make you run distracted. I shall write vou another letter in 
about 18 days from this date for again that time I expect the 
stage will be here to fetch mother you may look in the post 
office about the beginning of July next, I am with great esteem 
your most obdient Se 

Sam Carpen'ter. 



beth''sc'h^7ercarpenfer"" Hj'iiri.tr "/'^ ^^^ f°" ^' J°hn and Eliza- 
Court. Penier. He was later Judge of the Fairfield County 



230 BIOGRAPHICAL 

SKETCH OF HON. SAMUEL CARPENTER, WRITTEN BY HIS SON, 
REV. SAMUEL CARPENTER, IN 1870. 

■'Samuel Carpenter Esq., ]\Iayor of the City of Lancaster 
Pennsylvania, was born Nov. 11, 17G5, married Catherine Weid- 
ler, daughter of Michael Weidler, born December 25, 1765, the 
date of the marriage being June 1, 1786. Samuel was the eldest 
son of Emanuel Carpenter of Earl Twp., Lancaster County on 
the banks of the Conestoga, where all his family were born, and 
where he had ten children, four sons Samuel, Emanuel, Sebas- 
tian, and John, and six daughters, Mary, Elizabeth, Susannah, 
Nancy, Sarah, and Catherine. All lived to maturity save Cather- 
ine. In 1800 Emanuel left his residence on the Conestoga, and 
with a larger portion of his 'family, most of whom had now 
themselves become the heads of young and rising families, re- 
moved, and took up ground, in the Northwest territory, which 
afterwards became Lancaster, Fairfield County, Ohio. Emanuel's 
father was also Emanuel, and was the man to whom the tradi- 
tions of his time assigned no common nor ordinary character, 
but on the contrary, that of a man of strong mind, of a pure and 
high order of integrity, and prominence, and commanding influ- 
ence in his day, and generation. 

Samuel Carpenter, the subject of this memoir, with one of his 
sisters Mary, married to Christian Carpenter remained, and he 
never removed to the west, while Susannah, the wife of David 
Carpenter, remained for a time, and then they also moved to 
Ohio. Samuel owned, and occupied, a farm in Earl township, 
Lancaster County, and continued in the occupation of a farmer 
until April, 1807. Having now around him a rising family of 
children, the first born named Michael, born in 1787, having 
died in infanc}', there remained living two daughters Mary, born 
May 5, 1788, and Eebecca born Nov. 9, 1789, and three sons, 
Emanuel, born Aug. 22, 1791, Samuel born July 18, 1794, and 
Michael born Sept. 22, 1796, who needed better facilities for 
schooling than were oft'ered by a coimtry neighborhood, he lo- 
cated his residence in the city of Lancaster. Here the first 
few years of his time he spent in the occupation of an inn-keeper. 
The city of Lancaster being at that time the seat of government 
of the State of Pennsylvania, necessarily became the resort of 
many strangers, including members of the legislature when in 
session, together with numbers of others, who were thrown 



APPENDIX. 231 

thither upon business with the public ofificers, and especially at 
that date, the land officers. For the accommodation of these, 
both men and horses, traveling at that time being done almost 
entirely on horseback, and that also of the nearer neighborhood, 
a class of respectable Public Inns was kept, of which his was one. 

In after days, he became one of the magistrates, and soon after 
this, the Mayor of the city of Lancaster. In this office he con- 
tinued a long time, almost interruptedly, until near the time of 

his death which took place on the day of in the year 

1824 in the 59th year of his age. 

He was not of a tall stature, but of medium height, and quite 
corpulent, with a tendency to apoplexy, which finally was the 
cause of his death. He was a good and judicious officer. An 
honest, and upright man, of kind and sympathizing feelings, 
affable in conversation and manners, and quite social in his 
habits, and was held in high esteem by all who knew him. 

His family, after the appearance at first, of some indecision as 
to their future residence, and some wavering and moving about, 
on the part of some of the family, finally settled, and with the 
exception of one of the sons Samuel, spent their days, in and 
about the city of Lancaster, Pennsylvania. (Rev. Samuel Jr., at 
an early day made his way to the State of Ohio, where he lived 
until his 77th year, the last survivor of the family.)* Samuel 
Jr., spent his days as a civil engineer in charge of the construc- 
tion of some of the public works, such as canals, turnpike roads 
and roadways of Ohio. He was also occupied a part of the time 
in the capacity of a minister of the gospel in connection Avith the 
order of the old regular Baptists. The elder sons, Emanuel, and 
Michael, resided in the city of Lancaster, Penn. Emanuel was 
by occupation a manufacturer of planes, and joiners and car- 
penter's tools; and was a very popular and useful man in that 
occupation. He gave some attention to the practice of medicine. 
lie was not a regularly educated and bred physician, but was of 
a Und and sympathising temperament and disposition. K good 
and attentive nurse for the suffering and afflicted, and was doubt- 
less by this led into the administration, and practice of medicine 
himself. 

The TQunger son of Michael, seemed to be destined to occupy 
the place cccupied by his father, that of Mayor of Lancaster. 
He Avas in early life a mechanic, a turner by occupation. From 

*NOTE — The sentence in parenthesis was supplied by the Editor. 



232 BIOGRAPHICAL 

this lie iiiriicd liis altcntion to niioilu'i" in which lie mot with 
pecvniiai'y reverses aiu! now turnini;- away J'l'om Ihis also, lie gave 
liis attention to the writing of deeds of conveyance, and other 
insLriunonr.s of writing and became hy profession a conveyancer. 
Here his lousiness qualities became more fully known, and he 
was selected by the citizens to fill the ollice of Mayor of the City. 
He was elected to tljat position in the year 1843, and continued 
to occupy it for nine consecutive years, or until 1852. lie was a 
man of medinm ftatnrc, not eoi-pulcnt like his father, but on 
the contrary, rather s])are. lie was not of robust constitution. 
lie was of a kind arul gentle, yet grave and sober tem])erament, 
sobci- and solid thought, liis countenance and expression were 
calcuhited to inspire conlidence and respect. He was a man of 
a high oi'der of integrity, and moral worth, and believed to be a 
devoted (Hiristian. Of sober, and imhistrious habits, devoting 
liimself closely, and constantly to business, until he was over- 
taken bv pulmonary consumption, wdiich caused liis death, Aug. 
5, 18(il in the (i^th year of his age." 



APPENDIX. 232 



MEMORIAL. 



"The death of Dr. Paul Carpenter, at his residence on Chest- 
nut street, Oct. 18tli, 1880, leaves a void in his family, and in 
this community which cannot he filled. 

He was horn in Lancaster, Pa., on tlie 10th. of May, 1810. At 
the age of nineteen years, he came to this place, where for a 
time he engaged in teaching, meanwhile pursuing the study of 
medicine, with the late Dr. Kohert McNeil He graduated in 
the Cincinnati Medical College, ahout the year of 1832, settling 
in Lancaster immediately thereafter, where for forty-eight years, 
he practiced his profession, with a success rarely equaled. He 
loved his calling, and never combined with it any other branch 
of business. He was twice married, and leaves one son, and 
one daughter, l)y each nuirriage, and seven grand children.' 
Dr. Carpenter, soon after settling in Lancaster, identified himself 
with the Masonic fraternity, of which body he was for more 
than forty years a higlily honored member, and was Eminent 
Commander for 11 years. His funeral was conducted under the 
auspices of the Knights Templar; the religious services, with 
eulogy, was by Eev. Dr. Boyd, of the Presbyterian Church. As 
a business man he was honest, and faithful to a degree practiced 
by a few. He seldom made a promise to pay, but when he did, 
it was always met at maturity. 

He was a most devoted husband and father ; he seemed to live 
for the good of his children. He never withheld a charity, where 
charity was needed. In friendship, he was warm, true and 
reliable. 

My acquaintance with Dr. Carpenter began in the spring of 
1839, and continued, without interruption, to the day of his 
death. I have had therefore, ample opportunities for knowing 
his worth. There were occasions between us, however, that or- 
dinarily would have issued in coolness, if not estrangement, but 
it was easy to throw them aside, because behind them, there was 
a good and true heart. 

I speak then of Dr. Paul Carpenter, and of his life and char- 
acter, from a thorough conviction both of the truth, and justice 
of what T say, and it justifies me in testifying that in my long 
familiarity with men, I never had a truer, or better friend, or 
one in whom I could more implicitly confide. 

X." (Dr. H. Scott) 



234 BIOGRAPHICAL 

EESOLUTIONS 

Passed by Lancaster Lodge No. 57, F. & A. M. at their regular 
meeting held Nov. 16, 1880, A. L. 5880. 

"To the Worshipful Master, Wardens, and Brethren, of Lan- 
caster Lodge No. 57, P. & A. M. 

The Undersigned Memorial Committee, appointed on the 
death of Bro. Paul Carpenter, respectfully submit the following 
report. 

The announcement of the sudden death of our distinguished 
brother, comes to us ladened with a heavy sorrow. 

A great Masonic light amongst us, has been extinguished for- 
ever. 

A skillful craftsman, a master workman has fallen in our 
midst. 

. .On his brow rested the crown of Masonic eminence, as by com- 
mon consent, for very few of the craft ever acquired so accurate 
and so complete a knowledge of the ritual of masonry through- 
out, as did he. In fact he had no peer, and no equal among us. 

The science of masonry with him, was a life study. He was 
familiar with the subject, in all its details. In geometry, as the 
basis of our Masonic science, he made himself proficient, and in 
Masonic Jurisprudence, whether in the ancient fundamental, 
or the modern statutory law of the order, he was also well versed. 
He was true to the order, and to the facts, doctrines and laws 
of historic masonry. He never suffered one of its ancient land 
marks to be removed ; but preserved and guarded our institution 
with sedulous care, against the doctrines and spirit of innova- 
tion. 

In the practice of Masonic virtues, his heart responded with the 
warm sentiments of a true masonic charity, for he fed the hun- 
gry, succored the needy, and bound up the wounds of the af- 
flicted. 

The mallet of death has called him from his labors. His work 
is done. The trowel, the compass, and the square, he has laid 
aside. His life is outlined in one moral, and masonic trestle 
board. We honor and cherish his memory, and our past esteem 
for him, shall live, and be known in the practice of his many 
virtues. 

Resolved, Therefore, that the Lodge, in memorial of his death, 
extend to our distinguished, and honored brother, the usual and 
customary tribute of respect. 



APPENDIX 235 

Resolved, That in testimony of our sincere condolence, a copy 
of this report be transmitted to the family of the deceased, signed 
by our Secretary, with the seal of the Lodge attached. 

Resolved, That this report be entered upon the minutes of the 
Lodge. 

All of which is respectfully submitted. 

Signed Virgil E. Shaw, 
H. G. Grant, 
C. W. Matthews, 
Committee. 
Hall of Lancaster Lodge No. 57, F. & A. M. 
Lancaster, 0., March 7^ 1S81. 

I certify that the foregoing is a true copy taken from the 
records of our lodge. 

C. W. Matthews, Secy. 



336 BIOGRAPHICAL 



TRIBUTE TO 

DR. GEOEGE PAUL CARPENTEE. 

With the genealogical facts, and dates otherwise given, it is 
possible to write this sketcli, from a purely personal standpoint ; 
to draw a portrait of the man, as he appears to those who know 
him best. Yet a few facts are necessary to be given, that we 
may. first understand the influences, and events, which have 
made our sul)ject what he is. And among those influences, who 
shall estimate value of home life, and culture, refinement, 
and real piety? Who can give proper value to the father's in- 
fluence, virile yet genial, l)road-minded yet devout; the mother's 
quiet love, and faith, and tenderness of soul ? 

It was in such a home that the boy's character was formed. 
To its teachings there was joined the training of the local 
schools. His father's profession was that which he chose, wlicn 
the time for decision arrived. He entered the Ohio Wesleyau 
University, at Delaware Ohio, and graduated from that insti- 
tution June 29, 1865. He afterwards commenced the study of 
medicine, first in his father's office, then in the Medical College 
of Ohio, from which he graduated as a practitioner, March 2, 
1868. 

He immediately sought a location in the west, and fate, or 
good fortune, directed him to the then little town of Cedar 
Rapids, Iowa, which place he reached, and chose as his abiding 
place, on April 4, 1868. Into the life of the struggling town, 
he entered with all the energy of his clean young manhood. 
He had learned in the old home, to be thorough, and the pos- 
session of this quality of thoroughness, was soon recognized by 
those with whom he came in contact. In his profession he 
speedily attained success, and in all other lines into which his 
activities led, there was hard, and well directed work, and full 
measure of accomplishment. He can have but few regrets, as 
he looks back upon the years, and reviews his own actions, and 
their results. In the town where his whole active life has been 
spent, there has been a wonderful growth, and the men who 
made possible its prosperity, have also grown, in more than 
years, and possessions. Here the character of our subject, has 



APPENDIX 237 

ripened with passing time and experience, has grown stronger, 
as joys and sorrows gave the needed sunshine, or the chill, until 
at last it has made him the genial, lovable man, whose kindness 
of head, and heart, and hand, is known in fullest measure, to 
those whom sorrow and misfortune have visited. 

There are no closer, or more confidential relations among 
men, than those existing bet\\-een the high souled physician, 
and the families with wliich he becomes familiar in his pro- 
fessional life. The test is great, and happy indeed that man 
who answers to its full requirements. It is from such experi- 
ence, that the present writer speaks, and with a knowledge 
gained in many a pleasant, many an anxious hour. Aye, and 
again in hours when the black-winged angel had shadowed all 
the lights within the home. We have hailed him in the sunnier 
times, as the friend who came with smile, and brightening 
presence, to whom the children flocked with the sure instinct 
of the young. We have heard his step with relief, when there 
was anxiety and pain in the household. Still the same cheery 
presence, but now a sterner mood was mingled, as one who 
sought out an enemy in the home of his friend, and fought it 
afterwards, with all the resources of science and of soul. x4nd 
again when disease had conquered, and all of mortal help was 
vain, the physician became the truest, kindliest, most sympa- 
thetic of friends, seeking to lighten the blow that human skill 
could not avert. Such is the true physician, one who has God's 
commission to heal hearts; as well as diplomas, which are his 
credentials for the cure of physical ills. It is because in hun- 
dreds of homes, Dr. Carpenter has thus been physician, friend, 
consoler and adviser, that he is so well beloved. It speaks well 
for any man, when children know him well, and run to meet 
him with pleasure. On the city streets, or along the country 
roads, the little ones call to him, to court his pleasant recog- 
nition, and smile in reply. His unfailing delight, each year, 
is in remembering, at the Christmas-time, a host of little ones. 
The portrait, even as we write, shifts to the changing light of 
thought, and seems but poorly drawn. Yet when the doctor shall 
have made his last visit, shall have soothed and relieved for the 
last time, some suffering one, and shall himself have entered 
into rest, those whom he has cheered and comforted, whether 
yoTing or old, shall hold his memory ever, as a man who made 
of duty, a work of loving kindness. Joseph E. Morcomhe. 



238 BIOGRAPHICAL 

DE. M. Z. KEEIDER. 

Dr. M. Z. Kreider having been so nearly a "Carpenter" hy 
having a Carpenter for his 7notlier, grand-mother, and wife, we 
believe it no great deviation from the design of this work, to 
give place to his, among oilier obitaaries, of this appendix. 

From the Lancaster Gazette, of July 2G, 1855. 

At his residence, in the city of Lancaster^, Ohio, Michael Z. 
Kreider, M. D., departed this life, July 20th, 1855, aged 52 
years. Dr. Kreider has long occupied a very conspicuous po- 
sition in tliis community. He was regarded as a man highly 
skilled in his profession, both as a pliysician, and surgeon, ever 
liaviiig the best good of his fellow citizens, and of the race, 
always at heart. 

Conspicuous alike for his commanding talents, his large and 
comprehensive views, and noble bearing, the purity and correct- 
ness of his pur])os('s and aet.s, rendered him a marked member 
of this community, in which he had so long resided, and so well 
performed his part, in every relation of life. 

As a man, ho was urbane in dcportiiieut, courteous in man- 
ner, generous in his S3anpathies, and warm and social in his 
friendships. 

He filled many important offices, with credit to himself, and 
to the advantage of his fellow citizens. As a Mason, he stood 
deservedly high, having filled the office of Grand-Master of the 
Grand-Lodge of the state of Ohio, with distinguished honor and 
ability. 

Among his estimable qualities, one memorable trait was the 
truly Christian development exhibited in the law of love. In 
his intercourse with his fellow citizens, he did to others as he 
wished them to do to him; possessing a confiding mind, think- 
ing well of every one, and never known to spealv in unbecoming 
terms of any one. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church, and died with full confidence in the divine authenticity 
of the Christian religion, and with an ardent hope of a blessed 
immortality. Peace to his ashes. 



APPENDIX 339 

JEREMIAH MUERY CARPENTER. 

Jeremiah Murrt Carpenter^ farmer, was born at Ham- 
ilton's Mills, Westmoreland county, Penn., January 8, 1818, son 
of John, and Jane Murry Carpenter. His father was born 
in Baltimore, Md., and his mother was a native of Westmore- 
land Co. His father was an attorney, in Huntingdon, Penn., 
but moved to Westmoreland Co., in 1823, and died soon after. 

His grandfather served as a Captain, in the Revolutionary 
War; his great-grandfather, was Daniel Carpenter, who was 
the son of Henry Carpenter, who came from Switzerland, to 
Pennsylvania, in 1698. 

Jeremiah Murry Carpenter, received his education at Murrys- 
ville, and spent his youth there, until he was seventeen years 
of age. He then removed to Ohio, and engaged in the mercantile 
business, and was engaged in the same business in Murrysville 
until 1853. At that date, he removed to his mother's farm in 
Plum township, where he resided until his death. 

In December, 1842, he married Ellen McFadden, of West 
Middletown, Washington county, Penn. Six cliildren were born 
to them. 

Mary Elizabeth, who married James McJunkin. 

John Carpenter. 

James McFadden Carpenter, attorney, of Pittsburg, Penn. 

Samuel L. Carpenter, lawyer, now judgi^ on the bench, in 
Denver, Colorado. 

Bertha Ellen Carpenter. 

Mrs. Carpenter died March 22, 1869. 

Mr. Carpenter was an elder in the Presbyterian church, was 
five years Justice of the Peace, in Westmoreland county, and had 
served for the same length of time in Allegheny county. He is 
also a surveyor. — From History of Allegheny Co., Penn. 



•840 niOGRA F'HICA I. 



MEMOKIAL OF Hon. SAMUEL L. CAKI»ENTEK. 

The Honorable Samuel L. CAKrENTKU departed this life, 
at his residence in Greensburg, Westmoreland county, on 
Thursday, NovemtKT i)th, 187G, at the advanced age of eighty- 
one years. 

From the "(Jrecnsburg Argus," of that date, the following 
ajj|3reciative notice is copied, in relation to his varied public 
sejvices, as also his private life. 

*'Samuel L. CAUi'ENTKii, was born in York county, Penn., 
June 10, 1775. When throe years of age, his parents removed to 
Huntingdon county, where he grew up to manhood, and be- 
came in his active life, one of the most distinguished citizens. 
The c;areer of one who has won success among his fellow citi- 
zens, who has performed well his part, as a man, is at once 
interesting and instructive. 

Born to no iiihcrilance, and bcgiiiiiiiig with small meanr-. 
he, by native talents, and fcu'ce of character, attained distinction 
among his fellows, and a liberal competejicy of worldly means. 

He was a fine ty]K' of the pure blooded, Americanized-German 
citizen. Of lai'ge stature, with finely developed head, and regu- 
lar features, in presence and moin, he was endowed with that 
peculiar constitution which indicated a talent for leadership 
among men. Uprightness and integrity were fundamental 
traits of his character. 

Fn the year 1815, he removed to Westmoreland county, and 
there commenced the business of surveying, as deputy under 
Gen. James Murry, at that time the (^ounty Surveyor. He was 
soon after that nuirried, ami resided in Allegheny township, 
until 1(S2.'5, when he rcmovtid to Greensburg, and was engaged 
in teaching for two years, after which he was a])pointed County 
Surveyor. 

His father, Daxiee Caiu'ENteu, having removed from Hunt- 
ingdon county, to Greensburg, died in the; year 1828, as also did 
his mother in the same year. They were buried in the old 
(lOrman grave-yard, in Franklin township. 



APPENDIX 241 



In 1831, he was elected Sheritt' of Westmoreland county, and 
in 1835, became a member of the State Senate, and was re- 
elected in 1838. In 1836, he was one of the Presidential electors, 
on the Democratic ticket, casting his vote for Martin Van Buren 
for president, and Richard M. Johnson for vice-president. 

He was appointed Revenue Commissioner, for two successive 
terms, respectively, under James Ross Snowden, and John M. 
Hickle, State Treasurers. 

"In 1856, he was elected Associate Judge, in which office he 
served for the term of five years. 

Aside from the various public positions, held by Judge Car- 
penter, he continued from 1815 to 1873, more or loss actively, 
in the practice of his business, as a surveyor. 

During the Presidential campaign of 1876, he was an earnest 
supporter of the Democratic ticket, and while feeble in health, 
on the 7th of November, he attended the polls, and cast his 
last vote for Samuel J. Tilden, for President, expressing his 
strong desire to live until he should learn of Gov. Tilden's 
election. 

He was a worthy descendant of the land of Mclchtal, Tell 
and Furst, ever ardently devoted to Liberty. In this last public 
act of his life, — in the language of the ancient Swiss song, he 
"Made way for liberty and died." 

Thus step by step, from lowly estate, Judge Carpenter rose 
to high and responsible positions in life, discharging the duties 
of each, with eminent ability, and fidelity to the end." 



INDEX. 



PAGE. 

Abrams, John 60 

Allen, William 85 

Anderson, Samuel 87 

Angle, H. G 120,122,163 

Arnswith, Juliet 104 

Atwood, Ira 87 



B 

Barber, Martin L 

Bardwell, Dr. Thomas 

Bates, E. N 

Beaver, S. C 115, 122, 

Belt, A. S 

Bishop, Homer 

Blunt, James G 

Bodflsh, Major 124, 

Boerstler, Dr 

Brasee, John T 87, 

Brasee, Ellen 

Breck, Samuel 

Brassier, Jacob 

Brown, N. B 117,120,122, 

Ballard, Dr 

Bouquet, Col. Henry 29, 41 

Brough, John 



114 

lis 

120 
123 
120 
112 
140 
125 
104 
103 
104 

87 
115 
123 
113 
, 42 

85 



Cabell. General 142 

Cannon, Mary 72 

Carpenter, Abraham 39 

Carpenter, Adam 45 

Carpenter, Amanda 71,79 

Carpenter, Augustine 62,72 

Carpenter, Barbara 34,39 

Carpenter, Benjamin 45 

Carpenter, Brough 71 

Carpenter, Catherine P 68 

Carpenter, Catherine.... 32.34,35 
37, 66, 71 
72 

Carpenter, Diana 66 

Carpenter, Christian... 37,39.40 

45, 72, 105 

Carpenter. Col. Daniel.. 23,28,30 

40, 42, 80 

Carpenter, Daniel, son of 

Gabriel 37 

Carpenter, Capt. Danl 45 

Carpenter, David 47,55,56 

58, 64, 68 
70, 71, 72 
79, 130 

Carpenter, E. B 129 

Carpenter, Elizabeth 34,42,57 



Carpenter, Emanuel. 



71, 79 
22, 28, 30 
31, 32. 33 
34, 35, 43 
45, 46, 47 
49, 67, 71 

72, 105 



Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 



Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carijenter, 



y Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 

Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
—Carpenter, 
^Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Ciarpenter, 
Carpenter, 



Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter. 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 

Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 



Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 

Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 

Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 
Carpenter, 



Carpenter, 



PAGE. 

Emanuel 3d 52, 61 

62, 65 

Emanuel 2nd. 36, 45, 47 

48, 51, 52 

54, 60, 61 

66, 67, 98 

Ezekiel 71, 130 

Ezra 66, 72, 79 

Frances 82 

Gabriel 36, 37, 38 

45, 68, 71 
72, 81, 115 
123 

Gabriel 2d 34, 38 

George 72 

"Hama" 130 

Dr. Henry.. 39, 45, 71 
72, 105 

Henry 22 

Hiram 116 

Israel 72, 105 

Jacob 34, 43, 44 

Jacob, son of Eml. 45 

Col. Jacob 37, 45 

James 71, 79 

Joel 37, 38 

John 31, 38, 39, 44 

45, 47, 51, 57 
58, 61, 63, 64 
68, 72 

John 2d 51 

Lieut. John 38, 45 

Laura 72, 104 

Levi 105 

Lewis 72 

Magdalene 44 

Mary.. 22, 37, 39, 47, 71 

Michael 68 

Nancy 47, 48, 51, 52 

Nehemiah 71 

Paul... 38, 68, 71, 72, 80 
130 

R. W 167, 168 

Rebecca 71, 72 

Sallie 61, 62, 64 

Salome 175 

Sarah 37, 52, 72 

Samuel.. 47, 48, 53, 54 

55, 57, 61, 66 

71, 72, 81, 105 

Mayor Samuel 47 

Judge Samuel.... 47 
Rev. Samuel. 65, 72, 86 

Sebastian 52, 61 

64, 72 

Seymour D 161 

Susan 39, 175 

Susannah 35, 39 

47, 71 

Thomas. 45 

Walter Scott 68 

William 37. 47, 48 

51. 68, 72 
100 
Zachary T 71 



240 



PAGE. 

Carlisle, Dr. Tho.s 102 

CiLsoy, JoHCi)li 113 

Chaiiey, Oliver 87 

Clark, JoKliun 65 

Clayton, Colonel 95 

Cloplon, MaJ. Jolm II 95,101 

Clopton, Mm. and Mis.s 97 

Conkev, John i' 126 

ConncU, Franci.s 82 

Conncill, Fanny 104 

Connoll. lOlizabeth 72 

Conn ell, .John 104 

Connell, Maria 304 

Cook. JihIkc 117 

Cook, Catherine 71 

Cook, Isa;ic 112, 1?6 

Cook. Sarah 71 

Cook, Maria 71 

Cook, We.sley 71 

Cook. William t;i, 05, 71 

Cook, T. Z 129 

Corwin, Thorna.s 85 

Cox, Rev. William 104 

Croeker, 1.. B 124 

(^rook. Stump ^1 

Crook, Willium 73 



D 

Devol, Maria 104 

Devol, Sarah 104 

Daniels, I.,awson 112 

Daniels, Lowell 112 

Daniels, Addison 115 

Davidson. \)r. A 102 

Denny, William 3/ 

Douslas, Stephen A 128 

Devoe, Maria 104 

Devoe, Sarah 104 

Dul)le, Henry 87 

Duble, Katherlne 104 

Diiblc, Margaret 104 

E 

JCarl. Porter 112 

Kckhart, Peter 37 

Edwards, Dr 102 

Kd wards, Susannah 40 

Edwards, Thomas 39,45 

KfllnRer, Mary 104 

Efflnger, R. P 83 

Ellmaker, Amos 35 

Ellmaker, Peter 35 

Ely, Elisha 167 

Ely, .Tohn S 167 

Ely, Dr. John F 113 

EwinLT, Senator Thomas... 85,87 
103, 104 

Ewing, Genl. Thomas Id!, 147 

148, 149 
150, 151 
155, 156 
157, 159 

Ewinp, Mrs. Gnnl 150,151 

Emerson, Mrs. Fanny M ... 171 



F 

Ferguson, William 81 

Flere, David 39 

Flere, Daniel Jr 22 

Flere, John 37 

Flere, Jacob 34 

Flere, Mary 39 



I'A(JK. 

l<'ineh, Daniel 117 

Flnelrock. Peter 87 

Fitch, lOzra 142 

Forney, John W 39 

Forney, Magdal(;na 23 

Forney, Maria 34 

Forney, Su.san 21, 39 

Franclsclis, Christopher. . . 17, 18 
23, 40 

Frazer, Susan C 38 

Franklin, Benjamin 24, 29 

Fremont, John C 127 

G 

Calbralth, Mrs 26 

Grlesey, Samuel 84 

Click, Ellas 102 

Coodsol, Stewart 113 

Craff, Albrecht i2 

CralT, John 20, 34 

Grant, Genl. U. S 131, 13F 

Graybill, Samuel 87 

(iraybiU, John 37 

Gn-.-ne, Judge 111,115,120 

Greene, George 120,122,125 

Gieenc, .loseph 112 

Greene. William 112 

Grubb, Col. Curtis 42,45 

Grubb, Col. Peter 42,45 

Gunter, Col. Thomas 144,145 

MG. 157 



H 



rnon, Tlenry 112 

AUUISON, G1';N1.. WM. II.. 85 

arrlson, Colonel 143 

enderson. J. W 126 

epburn, Peter f25 

err, John 44 

err, Elizabeth 28 

err, Susan 37 

ess, Mary 72 

ess, Salome P6 

erman, Appolina 20,37 

ouston, Genl. Samuel.... 92,93 

ouse, Barbara 44 

ouse, Conrad 44 

owe, Samuel G 83 

unter, lOdward 104 

unler, Josrjjh C.'ipl 49 

unler, Hocking II 4!) 

ubbard, N. M 120 



J 

Jefferson, Thomas 60 

.Johnson, Mary 71 

Johnson, Richard M K5 

Jones, John R TOO 

Jones, Rev. Williston 121 

K 

Kasson. John A 125,128 

Keclcr, liev 116 

Kendrick, Magdalena 23 

King, David 110, 121 

Kinkaid, John II 84 

Klrkwood, Gov 129,132 

Kellerman, Stella V 71 

Koontz, Angeline 72, 79 

Koontz, Isaac 64,69.71 

72, 79 



241 



Koontz, 
Koontz, 
Koontz, 
Koontz, 

Koontz, 
Kuenzi, 
Kreider, 
Krelder, 
Kreider, 
Kreider, 
Kreider, 
Kreider, 
Kreider, 

Kreider, 



Kreider, 
Kreider, 
Kreider, 
Kreider, 
Kreider, 



PAGE. 

Rebecca 72, 79 

Sallle C 79 

Samuel 72, 79, 108 

Dr. Samuel C... 87, 102 
114 

Sarah C 71, 72, 79 

Peter 14 

Daniel 28, 40, SO 

Edmund C 72,127 

Elizabeth 47 

Ethel 72 

Letitia 72, 104 

Mary 47 

Michael 42, 45. 47 

52, 72, 80 

Dr. M. Z 28, 40 

72, 80, 85 
102, 103 

Mrs. Dr 73 

Olivia 72 

Samuel 47 

Su.sanna 47 

Thalia 72, 104 



L 

Lamott, J 79 

"Lane Jim" 149 

L.arrabee, Dr 112 

Latta, Wm 104 

Legare, Hu^h S 1j4 

Legare, Mary S 114 

Lehman, Mr 127 

LINCOLN, ABRAHAM 128 

Line, Caroline 20,28 

Line, George 37, 45 

Lothian, Daniel 120 



M 

Mack, William B 128 

Mansfield, Dr 112,113 

114 

Mallory, S. H 106 

Mather, Emily 1(J4 

May, Maj. J. M 121 

Merkel, Jacob 47 

Merkf-1, Mary 47,62,105 

Merkel, Levi 105 

Michel, Franz Louis 16 

Miller, Susan 23 

Mogert, Anna 11 

McAlexander, Judge 95 

McT'lrary, Jamos 87, 102 

McClellan, George B 134,135 

139 

McCord, William D 116 

McCracken, Gen 73 

McElroy, Dr. Zenas 102 

McTntosh, Donald 120 

Mclntyre, John 48 

McKean, T. J. Gov 126,44 

McNeil, Robert 83 

McNeil, Susan 104 



Noble, Col. John 



89 



Pastorlns 18, 19 

Pannebaker, John 68 

Paulus, the Redemptloner. . .41, 42 



PAGE. 

Palmer, Capt 144,146 

Parvin, T. d. 116 

Pearce, Andrew 65, 68 

Pearce, Ava 104 

Pearce, Catherine 68,71 

Pearce, Diana C 79 

Pearce, James 68,79,83,102 

Pearce, James R S6 

Pearce, John 71,79,83 

Pear>.e, John C 104 

Pearce, Priscilla C 71 

Pearce, Rebecca 71 

Pearce, Salome 69 

Pearce, Salem 91 

Pearce, Susan 71 

Penn, William 15,17,24,30 

Penn, Richard 32 

Penn, Thomas 32 

Plumb. Major 141, 147 

Pownell, Gov 19 

Preston, Col. L. M 113,120 

Price, Sterling 151,157,158 



'Quantrill" 148, 149 



Ranch, Dr. John H.132, 133,136, 137 

Reigert, Christopher 39 

Reigert, Adam 30, 39, 45 

Reigert, Emanuel C 30 

Reese, Sidney 72 , 

Reese, Sarah 72 

Rees. Genl. David 73 

Ream, Jonas A 81 

Reufner, Salome 14 

Ristine, Dr 113, 118 

Rohr. Daniel 12 

Rosecrans, Genl. W. S 153 

Rowland, John 36,55,62.67 

Rubin, Jacob 12 

Russell, Ira 139,140 



Sanderson, George 79, 85 

Schwendinnen, Magdalene ... 14 

Scherer, Joseph 45 

Sohleich, Newton 87 

See, George 68 

Sharp, James 102 

Shaffner, Casper 33 

Shawk, Dr 69 

Shelby, Genl. Joseph. 148, 152, 158 

Shellenberger, Betty 79 

Shrllenbergcr, Henry ..64,68,72 

Shellonborger, Edwin 72 

Shellenberger, Marv 62, 64 

Shellenberger, Sarah C 64 

Shellenberger, David 64 

Sherman, Senator John 66,83 

Sherman, Genl. Wm. T..66, 81, 83 

Sherman. Judge Charles 56 

Slaymaker, Col. John 155 

Slagle, C. W 113 

Sites, George L 84 

Smith, Piatt 125 

Smith, Robert 57 

Smith, Elizabeth 104 

Smythe, William 120 

Soliday, John 102 

Spurgeon, Asa 109 



242 



PAGE. 

Sprague, D. N 125 

Stansberv, Honry 103 

Stephens. R. D 120 

Stevens, Thaddeus 

Storie, David Q 150 

Stallsmith, John 69 

St. Clair, Gcnl. Arthur Gl), fiO 

126 



T 

Tallmadge, Theodore 104 

Taylor-, Dr. R. R 13.3 

"Teoumseh" 85 

Tonnant, Albert 104 

Thompson, W. G 120 

Traer, Dr 112 



Van Ktnner, Michael 35 

Von Kyburg, Eberhard 12 

Van Metre, .John 65 

Van Metre, Isaiah 131 

Van Metre, Ezra S7, 117, 120 

Van Pearce, Albina 72 

Van Pearce, Andrew 66 

Van Pearce, Eliza 72 

Van Pearce, James 72 

Van Pearce, John 66,72,86 

Van Pearce, Louis 87 

Vinton, Samuel P 85 

Von <;raffcnried, Altireeht... 12 
Von Graftenried, Christopher, 

Count 12,13 

Von Roden, I.ouis 87 



W 

Walker, Charles 122 

Walker, David 144,145,146 

Wagenhals, Philip. Dr 102 

Washburn, Genl. C. C 146 



PAGE. 

Weare, Sarah 115 

Wearo, John Gen 112,113 

Wearo, John Jr 112, 122, 115 

Weare, Charles 127 

Whittam, Isaac 127 

Williams, Willi'' 87 

Williams, Dr. John 87 

Wilson, Major 157 

Wise, Wm 104 

Wistar, John 21 

Wistar, Salome 23 

Wolf, John S 124,162,164 

Wooabury, J. M 125 



Youndt, Anna Maria 34,37 

Yiser, Frederick 34 



Zane, Col. Ebenezer 46, 48, 49, 50, 52 

Zimmeman, Anna 13 

Zimmerman, Emanuel 16, 17, 20 
26, 29 

Zimmerman, Benedict 13 

Zimmerman, Barbara 13 

Zimmerman, David 13,31 

Zimmerman, Elsbeth 13 

Z'mmerman, Catherine 13 

Zimmerman, Gabriel ...16,17,19 

20, 24, 26 

Zimmerman, ITeinrich. 11, 13, 14 

16, 17, 19, 23, 26, 71 

Zimmerman, Hans 13 

Zimmerman, Mary 17 

Zimmerman. Salom<' 16,17,19,21 
Zherr, Barbli 14 






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